Ornamental horticulture:
Gladiolus italicus is cultivated as a garden ornamental for late-spring to early-summer flowering. In the floristry trade it is used as a cut flower, valued for tall, straight stems and dense spikes of colored flowers that provide focal and line material in arrangements. Plants are sold as corms or potted seedlings for seasonal beds and borders.

Properties relevant to use:
Strong, upright, largely unbranched flowering stems support heavy spikes; perianth coloration ranges through mauve, purple, pink, and white; flowering is concentrated in a relatively short period, allowing timed flushes for garden display and cut-flower production. Plants are herbaceous and die back seasonally, facilitating crop rotation or replanting cycles in commercial and hobby horticulture.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Sphaerospora segetum	Sweet	Hort. Brit. : 398 (1826)
Ballosporum segetum	Salisb.	Gen. Pl. : 142 (1866)
Gladiolus arvaticus	Jord.	Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 32 (1903)
Gladiolus commutatus	C.D.Bouché	Linnaea 12: 484 (1838)
Gladiolus cyclocarpus	Jord.	Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 32 (1903)
Gladiolus dalmaticus	Tausch ex Rchb.	Fl. Germ. Excurs. , Add.: ix (1832)
Gladiolus guepinii	W.D.J.Koch	Flora 23: 466 (1840)
Gladiolus infestus	Bianca	Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania 19: 93 (1842)
Gladiolus leucanthus	C.D.Bouché	Linnaea 12: 483 (1838)
Gladiolus ludovicae	Jan ex Bertol.	Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Inst. Bononiensis 1: 74 (1834)
Gladiolus pallidus	C.D.Bouché	Linnaea 12: 482 (1838)
Gladiolus paui	Sennen & Sennen	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 72: 13 (1925 publ. 1926)
Gladiolus proteiflorus	G.B.Romano ex Vignolo	in Stud. Veg. Piemonte (II. Cent. Fondaz. Bot. Univ. Torino, 1729-1929). 200 (1929).
Gladiolus rigescens	Jord.	Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 33 (1903)
Gladiolus ruricola	Jord.	Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 33 (1903)
Gladiolus segetalis	St.-Lag.	Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
Gladiolus segetum	Ker Gawl.	Bot. Mag. 19: t. 719 (1804)
Gladiolus tenuiflorus	K.Koch	Linnaea 21: 636 (1848)
Gladiolus turkmenorum	Czerniak.	Fl. URSS 4: 750 (1935)
Gladiolus segetum var. ludovicae	(Jan ex Bertol.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 703. 1882
Gladiolus segetum var. infestus	(Bianca) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 703. 1882
Gladiolus segetum subsp. guepinii	(K.Koch) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 703 1882
Gladiolus communis subsp. inarimensis	(Guss.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 704. 1882 (1882)
Gladiolus segetum subsp. commutatus	(Bouché) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 260 1890
Gladiolus segetum subsp. ludovicae	(Jan ex Bertol.) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 260. 1890 (1890)
Gladiolus segetum subsp. inarimensis	(Guss.) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 260. 1890 (1890)
Gladiolus segetum f. sterilis	M.Arnaud	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 24: 269 1877
Gladiolus dubius	Parl.	Fl. Panorm. 1: 44 (1839)
Gladiolus spathaceus	Parl.	Fl. Ital. 3: 262 (1860)
Gladiolus communis var. distichus	Gouan	Fl. Monsp. : 67 (1764)
Gladiolus communis var. parviflorus	Bastard ex DC.	Fl. Franç. , éd. 3, 6: 329 (1815)
Gladiolus segetum var. grandiflorus	(Gouan) Rouy	Fl. France 13: 84 (1912)
Gladiolus segetum var. guepinii	(K.Koch) Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 172 (1877)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	common sword lily
English	cornfield gladiolus
English	field gladiolus
English	italian gladiolus
Arabic	دلبوث إيطالي
Bulgarian	Италианска ребрика
Catalan	espadella
Catalan	lliri dels blats
Czech	mečík polní
Danish	korn-gladiolus
Persian	گلایول ایتالیایی
Finnish	italianmiekkalilja
French	glaieul des moissons
French	glaïeul des moissons
Manx	cliogagh frangagh
Hebrew	סייפן התבואה
Hebrew	סיפן התבואה
Italian	gladiolo dei campi
Kabyle	tafrurt n yiger
Slovenian	laški meček
Swedish	tidig sabellilja
Turkish	kılıçotu
Ukrainian	Косарики італійські
Uzbek	italiya gladiolusi
Chinese	意大利唐菖蒲

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

Sow seeds directly at 4°C.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
  - Madeira
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Egypt
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- Middle Asia
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Iran
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Krym
- Middle Europe
  - Switzerland
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000789959
USDA Plants	GLIT
Tropicos	16600167
INPN	100275
Flora of Italy	7077
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437543-1
The Plant List	kew-328527
Open Tree Of Life	997941
Observations.org	129551
NCBI Taxonomy	1007786
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000014901
Nature Serve	2.144271
IUCN Red List	18990775
IPNI	437543-1
iNaturalist	71162
GBIF	2749791
Freebase	/m/03wft77
EPPO	GLAIT
EOL	487524
Calflora (Californian flora)	3916
USDA GRIN	403097
Wikipedia	Gladiolus_italicus

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Ecological and Syntaxonomic Analysis of the Communities of Glebionis coronaria and G. discolor (Malvion neglectae) in the European Mediterranean Area

Cano E, Cano-Ortiz A, Quinto Canas R, Piñar Fuentes JC, Rodrigues Meireles C, Raposo M, Pinto Gomes C, Laface VL, Spampinato G, Musarella CM

Plants (Basel)

20-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10934477
doi:	10.3390/plants13050568
PMID:	38475415

The quest for Homer’s moly: exploring the potential of an early ethnobotanical complex

Molina-Venegas R, Verano R

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

20-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10799392
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00650-7
PMID:	38245738

Wild Edible Plants of Andalusia: Traditional Uses and Potential of Eating Wild in a Highly Diverse Region

Benítez G, Molero-Mesa J, González-Tejero MR

Plants (Basel)

07-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10051205
doi:	10.3390/plants12061218
PMID:	36986907

Edible Flowers Used in Some Countries of the Mediterranean Basin: An Ethnobotanical Overview

Motti R, Paura B, Cozzolino A, de Falco B

Plants (Basel)

28-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9736219
doi:	10.3390/plants11233272
PMID:	36501312

Nature’s Most Fruitful Threesome: The Relationship between Yeasts, Insects, and Angiosperms

Fenner ED, Scapini T, da Costa Diniz M, Giehl A, Treichel H, Álvarez-Pérez S, Alves SL Jr

J Fungi (Basel)

20-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9605484
doi:	10.3390/jof8100984
PMID:	36294549

Identification of Gedunin from a Phytochemical Depository as a Novel Multidrug Resistance-Bypassing Tubulin Inhibitor of Cancer Cells

Khalid SA, Dawood M, Boulos JC, Wasfi M, Drif A, Bahramimehr F, Shahhamzehei N, Shan L, Efferth T

Molecules

09-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9501561
doi:	10.3390/molecules27185858
PMID:	36144591

Biodiversity in Urban Areas: The Extraordinary Case of Appia Antica Regional Park (Rome, Italy)

Iamonico D

Plants (Basel)

15-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9414419
doi:	10.3390/plants11162122
PMID:	36015425

Herbal medicine used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the Rif, North of Morocco

Chaachouay N, Azeroual A, Bencharki B, Zidane L

Front Pharmacol

11-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9404501
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2022.921918
PMID:	36034811

Cobalt: An Essential Micronutrient for Plant Growth?

Hu X, Wei X, Ling J, Chen J

Front Plant Sci

16-Nov-2021

PMCID:	PMC8635114
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2021.768523
PMID:	34868165

Inoculation of pear flowers with Metschnikowia reukaufii and Acinetobacter nectaris enhances attraction of honeybees and hoverflies, but does not increase fruit and seed set

Colda A, Bossaert S, Verreth C, Vanhoutte B, Honnay O, Keulemans W, Lievens B

PLoS One

22-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8061982
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0250203
PMID:	33886638

Design a Database of Italian Vascular Alimurgic Flora (AlimurgITA): Preliminary Results

Paura B, Di Marzio P, Salerno G, Brugiapaglia E, Bufano A

Plants (Basel)

10-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8069721
doi:	10.3390/plants10040743
PMID:	33920234

Herbal Medicine Used in the Treatment of Human Diseases in the Rif, Northern Morocco

Chaachouay N, Douira A, Zidane L

Arab J Sci Eng

07-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8024440
doi:	10.1007/s13369-021-05501-1
PMID:	33842189

Floristic and Vegetation Changes on a Small Mediterranean Island over the Last Century

Sciandrello S, Cambria S, Giusso del Galdo G, Guarino R, Minissale P, Pasta S, Tavilla G, Cristaudo A

Plants (Basel)

01-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8065674
doi:	10.3390/plants10040680
PMID:	33916121

Ecological Specialization and Rarity of Arable Weeds: Insights from a Comprehensive Survey in France

Munoz F, Fried G, Armengot L, Bourgeois B, Bretagnolle V, Chadoeuf J, Mahaut L, Plumejeaud C, Storkey J, Violle C, Gaba S

Plants (Basel)

30-Jun-2020

PMCID:	PMC7411668
doi:	10.3390/plants9070824
PMID:	32630061

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDY OF GLADIOLUS SEGETUM KER-GAWL. CULTIVATED IN EGYPT

A. Ali, M. El-Shanawany, M. Mesbah, S. Ross

Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research

14-Mar-2020

doi:	10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Anthracenecarboxylic acids
3,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carboxylic acid	14213578	Click to see CC1=C2C(=CC(=C1C(=O)O)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=CC(=C3)OC)O	328.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85061-7
Methyl 3,8-dihydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carboxylate	163007773	Click to see	372.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
Methyl 3,8-dimethoxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carboxylate	162870666	Click to see	340.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
8-Hydroxy-2,3,6-trimethoxy-1-methylanthracene-9,10-dione	101449394	Click to see	328.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
1,3,6-Trihydroxy-8-methylanthraquinone	12309204	Click to see	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85061-7
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
Myristic Acid	11005	Click to see	228.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Myristoleic Acid	5281119	Click to see	226.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Oleic Acid	445639	Click to see	282.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Palmitic Acid	985	Click to see	256.42	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Stearic Acid	5281	Click to see	284.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Linoleic Acid	5280450	Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-1-benzofuran-4-one	14192238	Click to see	180.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85061-7
Evodone	442471	Click to see CC1CC2=C(C(=CO2)C)C(=O)C1	164.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85061-7
Vqjpidczxisjkm-cducuwfysa-	14192239	Click to see	180.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85061-7
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid	64945	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid	162848823	Click to see	504.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410802114142
2,3-Dihydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylic acid	436072	Click to see	502.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410802114142
2,3,8-Trihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid	162848822	Click to see	504.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410802114142
Alpha-Amyrin	73170	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Betulinic Acid	64971	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
Lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxy-	2371	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
Medicagenic acid	65048	Click to see	502.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410802114142
Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)-	220774	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives
(1R,3S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-1,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	162904399	Click to see	386.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
17-(5,6-Dimethylhept-3-En-2-Yl)-10,13-Dimethyl-2,3,4,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-Decahydro-1H-Cyclopenta(A)Phenanthren-3-Ol	247705	Click to see	396.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
Ergosterol	444679	Click to see CC(C)C(C)C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	396.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	122544	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol	22012	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.21608/BFSA.1985.75886
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Tetrahydrofurans
Ethyl 2-[5-(2-hydroxybutyl)oxolan-2-yl]propanoate	163062130	Click to see	244.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85061-7
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	5378597	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	5462193	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
Astragalin	5282102	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7
Isoquercetin	5280804	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S13369-010-0015-7

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Gladiolus italicus

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top