Common products:
No commercial or industrial products are reported from Maianthemum atropurpureum in the botanical, ethnobotanical, or economic literature reviewed.

Industrial and craft applications:
No uses are reported. No documented use of stems or leaves for fiber, cordage, thatch, or paper; no use of roots or rhizomes for dyes, inks, or tannins; no use of wood for timber or carvings.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No use of fruits, seeds, or other plant parts as food or beverage ingredients is documented in reliable sources.

Colorants and tanning:
No information on anthocyanin or tannin content relevant to dyes or tanning is reported for this species.

Wood and fiber:
No documented use of wood or fiber for construction, craft, or pulp.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No reported use in perfumery, aromatics, or cosmetics; no essential oil profiling in standard references.

Properties relevant to use:
No published phytochemical or material property data are available for this species that would indicate industrial utility.

Standards and regulation:
No relevant standards, regulatory codes, or classifications (e.g., timber grading, food additive, cosmetic ingredient lists, fiber standards) are reported for M. atropurpureum or its products.

Sustainability and sourcing:
No documented cultivation, harvesting, trade, or conservation status relevant to commercial use.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Maianthemum wardii	(W.W.Sm.) H.Li	Acta Bot. Yunnan. , Suppl. 3: 6 (1990)
Peliosanthes mairei	H.Lév.	Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 25 (1915)
Smilacina atropurpurea	(Franch.) F.T.Wang & Tang	Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. , Bot. 7: 288 (1937)
Smilacina smithii	K.Krause	Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 93 (1926)
Smilacina prattii	(Franch.) H.R.Wehrh.	Gartenstaud. 1: 176 (1929)
Smilacina wardii	(W.W.Sm.) F.T.Wang & Tang	Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. , Bot. 7: 288 (1937)
Tovaria prattii	Franch.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 46. 1896
Tovaria wardii	W.W.Sm.	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 12: 226. 1920
Tovaria atropurpurea	Franch.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 45. 1896
Tovaria prattii var. robusta	Franch.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 46 1896
Medora wardii	(W.W.Sm.) H.Li	Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3: 6 1990
Smilacina robusta	(Franch.) F.T.Wang & Tang	Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. , Bot. 7: 289 (1937)

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Chinese	高大鹿药

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China South-central

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indo-China
  - Myanmar

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000690435
Tropicos	50069322
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942999-1
The Plant List	kew-281241
Open Tree Of Life	153435
NCBI Taxonomy	261433
IPNI	942999-1
iNaturalist	862434
GBIF	2769445
EOL	1003674

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Study on medicinal food plants in the Gaoligongshan Biosphere Reserve, the richest biocultural diversity center in China

Cheng Z, Lin S, Wu Z, Lin C, Zhang Q, Xu C, Li J, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

15-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10790445
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00638-9
PMID:	38225656

Editorial: Edible and medicinal plants: From ethnopharmacological practices to interdisciplinary approaches and regulations

Zhang X, Dias AC, Lopes NP

Front Pharmacol

16-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9800969
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2022.1074511
PMID:	36588720

Medicinal Plants and Fungi Traditionally Used by Dulong People in Northwest Yunnan, China

Cheng Z, Hu X, Lu X, Fang Q, Meng Y, Long C

Front Pharmacol

09-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9124798
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2022.895129
PMID:	35614945

Vegetation Classification and Distribution Patterns in the South Slope of Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Eastern Himalayas

Wu PP, Wang Z, Jia NX, Dong SQ, Qu XY, Qiao XG, Liu CC, Guo K

Plants (Basel)

28-Apr-2022

PMCID:	PMC9105001
doi:	10.3390/plants11091194
PMID:	35567195

Ethnobotanical study on wild edible plants used by Dulong people in northwestern Yunnan, China

Cheng Z, Lu X, Lin F, Naeem A, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

21-Jan-2022

PMCID:	PMC8781162
doi:	10.1186/s13002-022-00501-3
PMID:	35062974

Nutraceutical Study on Maianthemum atropurpureum, a Wild Medicinal Food Plant in Northwest Yunnan, China

Xu L, Wang Y, Ji Y, Li P, Cao W, Wu S, Kennelly E, Long C

Front Pharmacol

30-Jul-2021

PMCID:	PMC8363226
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2021.710487
PMID:	34393791

Recent Advances in the Pharmacological Activities of Dioscin

Yang L, Ren S, Xu F, Ma Z, Liu X, Wang L

Biomed Res Int

14-Aug-2019

PMCID:	PMC6710808
doi:	10.1155/2019/5763602
PMID:	31511824

Antifungal Activity of Crude Extract from the Rhizome and Root of Smilacina japonica A. Gray

Liu W, Sun B, Yang M, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Pang T, Wang S

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

15-Jul-2019

PMCID:	PMC6662278
doi:	10.1155/2019/5320203
PMID:	31379963

Ethnobotanical study of traditional edible plants used by the Naxi people during droughts

Zhang L, Chai Z, Zhang Y, Geng Y, Wang Y

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

12-Sep-2016

PMCID:	PMC5020530
doi:	10.1186/s13002-016-0113-z
PMID:	27619157

Eating from the wild: diversity of wild edible plants used by Tibetans in Shangri-la region, Yunnan, China

Ju Y, Zhuo J, Liu B, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

19-Apr-2013

PMCID:	PMC3648497
doi:	10.1186/1746-4269-9-28
PMID:	23597086

An Overview of Antimicrobial Properties of Different Classes of Phytochemicals

Patra AK

Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes

18-Feb-2012

PMCID:	PMC7121617
doi:	10.1007/978-94-007-3926-0_1

Dietary Profile of Rhinopithecus bieti and Its Socioecological Implications

Grueter CC, Li D, Ren B, Wei F, van Schaik CP

Int J Primatol

14-Jul-2009

PMCID:	PMC2758362
doi:	10.1007/s10764-009-9363-0
PMID:	19816538

Steroidal saponins and cytoxicity of the wild edible vegetable-Smilacina atropurpurea.

Yang SL, Liu XK, Wu H, Wang HB, Qing C

Steroids

01-Jan-2009

doi:	10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
PMID:	18817798

Atropurosides A-G, new steroidal saponins from Smilacina atropurpurea.

Zhang Y, Li HZ, Zhang YJ, Jacob MR, Khan SI, Li XC, Yang CR

Steroids

01-Aug-2006

doi:	10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
PMID:	16766007

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Acylaminobenzoic acid and derivatives
2,4-Dihydroxy-3-[3-(10-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-4-oxo-8-oxatetracyclo[7.2.1.17,10.01,6]tridec-2-en-5-yl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid	76145008	Click to see	457.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins
(1S,2S,4S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14S,15S,16R)-7,9,13-trimethyl-14-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]but-3-enyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,15,16-triol	163016689	Click to see	786.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	25207852	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	722.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-16-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	25207851	Click to see	903.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-6-methoxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-16-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	25207998	Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(C)COC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)OC	917.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	21670028	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	1033.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	21670027	Click to see	901.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl hexadecanoate	25207853	Click to see	961.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-(5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl)oxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl hexadecanoate	74429098	Click to see	961.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
14-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-8,15,16-triol	73123307	Click to see	740.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
2-(15,16-Dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5'-methylidenespiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-14-yl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	73123375	Click to see	606.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
2-[2-(15,16-Dihydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-14-yl)oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	73123377	Click to see	724.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
2-[2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	73025438	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	901.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
2-[2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	12308695	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	1033.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
2-[4-[16-[5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-methoxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162882185	Click to see	1095.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
2-[4-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl)oxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	271916	Click to see	869.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[3-methyl-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-16-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	73198950	Click to see	903.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[6-methoxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[3-methyl-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-16-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	74429158	Click to see	917.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008
5',7,9,13-Tetramethyl-14-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-8,15,16-triol	73123378	Click to see	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
7,9,13-Trimethyl-14-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[3-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]but-3-enyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,15,16-triol	73123376	Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(C(C(C(C5)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C)C)OC1(CCC(=C)COC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O	786.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
7,9,13-Trimethyl-5'-methylidene-14-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-3',15,16-triol	73123449	Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(C(C(C(C5)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C)C)OC17C(CC(=C)CO7)O	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Atropuroside A	11844174	Click to see	724.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Atropuroside B	11844040	Click to see	740.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Atropuroside C	11844175	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3(C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(C(C(C(C6)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)C)C)O)C)OC1	594.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Atropuroside D	11844172	Click to see	606.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Atropuroside E	11844295	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Dioscin	119245	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	869.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2006.04.005
Ophiopogonin C'	4483248	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1	722.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STEROIDS.2008.08.008

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Maianthemum atropurpureum

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top