Hedera rhombea, also known as Japanese ivy or songak, is a type of ivy native to East Asia. It was previously classified as Hedera pedunculata, but some subspecies may now be considered a separate species. This plant is commonly found on rocky slopes and growing on trees, particularly in laurel forests. It can be found in Japan, the Korean Peninsula, islands between Korea and Japan, the coast of mainland China, and Taiwan. Hedera rhombea is an evergreen climbing plant that can reach up to 10 meters in height when supported by trees, cliffs, or walls. It can also grow as ground cover in the absence of vertical surfaces. The plant climbs using aerial rootlets and has green stems that are poisonous if consumed. It is often grown in gardens and used in floral arrangements. The leaves of Hedera rhombea are a medium green color and have a rhombic diamond shape, which gives the plant its species name. The leaves have a glossy, dark green petiole. The flowers are small and yellow-green, and the fruits are round and turn black when ripe.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Hedera helix var. rhombea	Miq.	Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 13 (1863)
Hedera rhomboidea	hort.	ex Handl. Trees Kew Pt. i. (Polypet.) 245.
Hedera submarginata	hort.	ex Gard. Kew i. [Polypet.] (1895) 247.

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	japanese ivy
Japanese	キヅタ
Korean	담장나무
Korean	송악
Chinese	菱叶常春藤

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Hedera rhombea var. formosana	(Nakai) H.L.Li	Woody Fl. Taiwan : 669 (1963)
Hedera rhombea var. rhombea		Unknown

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
  - Korea
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Taiwan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000979881
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60453330-2
The Plant List	kew-96799
Open Tree Of Life	549542
NCBI Taxonomy	85360
IPNI	60453330-2
iNaturalist	447226
GBIF	3036022
Freebase	/m/0h94czg
EPPO	HEERH
EOL	1142997
USDA GRIN	18570
Wikipedia	Hedera_rhombea
CMAUP	NPO23598
PaleoBotany	86297

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Climbing strategies of Taiwan climbers

Chen PH, Chung AC, Lin HC, Yang SZ

Bot Stud

22-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10516820
doi:	10.1186/s40529-023-00399-4
PMID:	37736799

Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas

Yang SZ, Chen PH, Chen JJ

Bot Stud

24-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9509506
doi:	10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
PMID:	36153445

Xanthomonas hortorum – beyond gardens: Current taxonomy, genomics, and virulence repertoires

Dia NC, Morinière L, Cottyn B, Bernal E, Jacobs JM, Koebnik R, Osdaghi E, Potnis N, Pothier JF

Mol Plant Pathol

23-Jan-2022

PMCID:	PMC8995068
doi:	10.1111/mpp.13185
PMID:	35068051

Hedera rhombea inhibits the biofilm formation of Candida, thereby increases the susceptibility to antifungal agent, and reduces infection

Kim D, Kim KY

PLoS One

06-Oct-2021

PMCID:	PMC8494327
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0258108
PMID:	34614005

Growth Suppression of a Gingivitis and Skin Pathogen Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) acnes by Medicinal Plant Extracts

Choi HA, Ahn SO, Lim HD, Kim GJ

Antibiotics (Basel)

09-Sep-2021

PMCID:	PMC8465884
doi:	10.3390/antibiotics10091092
PMID:	34572674

An alcoholic extract of Thuja orientalis L. leaves inhibits autophagy by specifically targeting pro-autophagy PIK3C3/VPS34 complex

Jung J, Chun Y, Jang YP, Oh MS, Kim JH, Kim J

Sci Rep

06-Sep-2021

PMCID:	PMC8421415
doi:	10.1038/s41598-021-97216-4
PMID:	34489486

In Vitro Screening of East Asian Plant Extracts for Potential Use in Reducing Ruminal Methane Production

Bharanidharan R, Arokiyaraj S, Baik M, Ibidhi R, Lee SJ, Lee Y, Nam IS, Kim KH

Animals (Basel)

04-Apr-2021

PMCID:	PMC8066825
doi:	10.3390/ani11041020
PMID:	33916571

Bioactive C17 and C18 Acetylenic Oxylipins from Terrestrial Plants as Potential Lead Compounds for Anticancer Drug Development

Christensen LP

Molecules

31-May-2020

PMCID:	PMC7321150
doi:	10.3390/molecules25112568
PMID:	32486470

The 8.2 ka cooling event in coastal East Asia: High-resolution pollen evidence from southwestern Korea

Park J, Park J, Yi S, Kim JC, Lee E, Jin Q

Sci Rep

20-Aug-2018

PMCID:	PMC6102300
doi:	10.1038/s41598-018-31002-7
PMID:	30127401

Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants extracts

Kinjo J, Nakano D, Fujioka T, Okabe H

J Nat Med

16-Apr-2016

PMCID:	PMC4935755
doi:	10.1007/s11418-016-0992-2
PMID:	27086008

Ethanol Extract of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense Kitamura Exhibits the Activation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2-dependent Antioxidant Response Element and Protects Human Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells Against Oxidative DNA Damage

Yoo OK, Choi BY, Park JO, Lee JW, Park BK, Joo CG, Heo HJ, Keum YS

J Cancer Prev

30-Mar-2016

PMCID:	PMC4819669
doi:	10.15430/JCP.2016.21.1.66
PMID:	27051652

Effects of Floral Scents and Their Dietary Experiences on the Feeding Preference in the Blowfly, Phormia regina

Maeda T, Tamotsu M, Yamaoka R, Ozaki M

Front Integr Neurosci

01-Dec-2015

PMCID:	PMC4664696
doi:	10.3389/fnint.2015.00059
PMID:	26648851

Herbal antioxidant in clinical practice: A review

Alok S, Jain SK, Verma A, Kumar M, Mahor A, Sabharwal M

Asian Pac J Trop Biomed

01-Jan-2014

PMCID:	PMC3819501
doi:	10.1016/S2221-1691(14)60213-6
PMID:	24144136

Ethnomedicinal Practices for Treating Liver Disorders of Local Communities in the Southern Regions of Korea

Kim H, Song MJ

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

08-Sep-2013

PMCID:	PMC3782137
doi:	10.1155/2013/869176
PMID:	24089622

Inhibitory Activities of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaves on Pancreatic Lipase In Vitro and Lipolysis In Vivo

Kim YS, Lee Y, Kim J, Sohn E, Kim CS, Lee YM, Jo K, Shin S, Song Y, Kim JH, Kim JS

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

10-Dec-2012

PMCID:	PMC3529879
doi:	10.1155/2012/878365
PMID:	23365603

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols / Long-chain fatty alcohols
(3R,8R,9Z,11Z)-heptadeca-1,9,11-trien-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol	16743556	Click to see CCCCCC=CC=CC(C#CC#CC(C=C)O)O	258.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.03.036
Heptadeca-1,9,11-trien-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol	73318791	Click to see CCCCCC=CC=CC(C#CC#CC(C=C)O)O	258.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.03.036
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10S,12aR,14bS)-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate	163192005	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC(=O)C45CCC(CC4C6=CCC7C8(CCC(C(C8CCC7(C6(CC5)C)C)(C)CO)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)COC(=O)C)O)O)O	1117.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
[6-[[6-(Acetyloxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 10-[4,5-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate	14606070	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC(=O)C45CCC(CC4C6=CCC7C8(CCC(C(C8CCC7(C6(CC5)C)C)(C)CO)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)C)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)COC(=O)C)O)O)O	1263.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
[6-[[6-(Acetyloxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate	162869287	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC(=O)C45CCC(CC4C6=CCC7C8(CCC(C(C8CCC7(C6(CC5)C)C)(C)CO)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)COC(=O)C)O)O)O	1117.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
Kizuta saponin K11	21636378	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC(=O)C45CCC(CC4C6=CCC7C8(CCC(C(C8CCC7(C6(CC5)C)C)(C)CO)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)C)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)COC(=O)C)O)O)O	1263.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[(E,6S)-6-[(3S,5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,13S,14R,17S)-3,6-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-6-hydroxy-2-methylhept-2-enoxy]-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol	162896007	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)O)C)C)O)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O	638.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[(E,6S)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-[(3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,13S,14R,17S)-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]hept-2-enoxy]-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol	163042230	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O)C)C)C)O)COC6C(C(C(C(O6)OC)O)O)O	785.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
(5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17S)-6-hydroxy-17-[(E,2S)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohept-4-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-1,2,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	101049767	Click to see CC(=O)C=CCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)O)C)C)O	458.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02974009 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-894X(97)00139-X
(5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,13S,14R,17S)-6-hydroxy-17-[(E,2S)-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxyhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-1,2,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	162926381	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)O)C)C)O)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O	636.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
(6aS,9R)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid	10102176	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)CO)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(CC7)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(CO8)O)O)O)O	883.10	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,13S,14R,17S)-6-hydroxy-17-[(E,2S)-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxyhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	162945528	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)O)C)C)O)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O	680.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
[6-hydroxy-17-[2-hydroxy-6-methyl-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxyhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate	162945527	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)O)C)C)O)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O	680.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
10-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid	267360	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)CO)CCC5(C4CC=C6C5(CCC7(C6CC(CC7)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)O)O)O)O	751.00	unknown	via CMAUP database
2-[6-(3,6-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-6-hydroxy-2-methylhept-2-enoxy]-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol	162896006	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)O)C)C)O)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O	638.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
2-[6-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-[4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]hept-2-enoxy]-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol	163042229	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O)C)C)C)O)COC6C(C(C(C(O6)OC)O)O)O	785.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
6-Hydroxy-17-(2-hydroxy-6-oxohept-4-en-2-yl)-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-1,2,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	162847529	Click to see CC(=O)C=CCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)O)C)C)O	458.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-894X(97)00139-X
6-Hydroxy-17-[2-hydroxy-6-methyl-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxyhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-1,2,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one	162926380	Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1CCC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)O)C)C)O)COC5C(C(C(C(O5)OC)O)O)O	636.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1400
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Methyl betulinate	73493	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C(=O)OC	470.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Androstane steroids / Androgens and derivatives
Guggulsterone	6450278	Click to see CC=C1C(=O)CC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C	312.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Pregnane steroids / Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
(20S)-20-Acetoxypregn-4-ene-3,16-dione	91597955	Click to see CC(C1C(=O)CC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)OC(=O)C	372.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid esters
(17Z)-16beta-Acetoxypregna-4,17(20)-dien-3-one	101929524	Click to see CC=C1C(CC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)OC(=O)C	356.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
3alpha-Acetoxy-5alpha-pregnan-16-one	15767893	Click to see CCC1C(=O)CC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4)OC(=O)C)C)C	360.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides
campesterol-3-O-beta-d-glucoside	12895788	Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C	562.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
Beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside	296119	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
Stigmasterol glucoside	6602508	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	574.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.3473
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
Isochlorogenic acid A	6474310	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O	516.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02977526
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar alcohols
Mannitol	6251	Click to see C(C(C(C(C(CO)O)O)O)O)O	182.17	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives / Indole-3-acetic acid derivatives
[(3R,8S,9Z)-3-hydroxyheptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyn-8-yl] 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetate	16744766	Click to see CCCCCCCC=CC(C#CC#CC(C=C)O)OC(=O)CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21	417.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.03.036
3-hydroxyheptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyn-8-yl 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetate	73319254	Click to see CCCCCCCC=CC(C#CC#CC(C=C)O)OC(=O)CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21	417.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2007.03.036
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02977526
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Rutin	5280805	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02977526

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Hedera rhombea

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