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Juniperus virginiana

Juniperus virginiana - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Juniperus virginiana - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ff383a861c152550247
Scientific name Juniperus virginiana
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 1039 (1753)

Description Top

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Juniperus virginiana, also known as eastern redcedar, is a species of coniferous evergreen tree native to eastern North America. It is commonly found from southeastern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico and east of the Great Plains. The tree is slow-growing and can reach heights of 5-20 meters, with a short trunk and reddish-brown fibrous bark. It has two types of leaves, sharp needle-like juvenile leaves and scale-like adult leaves. The tree produces small berry-like cones that are an important food source for birds. Eastern juniper is a pioneer species, often found in prairies or old pastures, and is able to live for over 900 years. It is considered an invasive species in many areas and is being actively removed through cutting and prescribed burning. The wood of the tree is highly valued for its durability and is used for fence posts, furniture, and even pencils. The smoke of burning eastern juniper is believed to have spiritual cleansing properties in some Native American cultures. The tree is also used for windbreaks and as a Christmas tree in some regions. It is the most widely used wood for making blocks for recorders due to its unique properties.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Juniperus virginiana var. tripartita Lavallée Énum. Arbres 291 1877
Juniperus tripartita hort. ex Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk. (1891) 126.
Juniperus smithipendula hort. ex Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk. : 125 (1891)
Juniperus schottii hort. ex Gordon Pinetum Suppl. 36. 1862
Juniperus dioica hort. ex Carrière Traité Gén. Conif. , ed. 2: 45 (1867)
Juniperus caroliana Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 n.° 4. 1768 (1768)
Juniperus caroliniana Du Roi Harbk. ed Pott i. 497.
Juniperus virginiana var. hermannii Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 632. 1807
Juniperus hermannii Pers. Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2(2): 632. 1807 [Sept 1807]
Juniperus virginiana var. freneloides Lavallée Énum. Arbres 291. 1877
Juniperus glauca Willd. Enum. Pl. Suppl. [Willdenow] 67, nomen. 1814 [Jul-Dec 1814] ; Cels, ex Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 435
Juniperus gossainthanea Hort.ex P. Lawson & Son, Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe No. 10, 77 (1851); ListsSeeds, Pl., etc. 279 (1851).
Juniperus foetida var. virginiana (L.) Spach Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 2, 16: 298 (1841)
Sabina virginiana Antoine Cupress.-Gatt. : 61 (1857)
Juniperus virginiana f. glauca-pendula Simon-Louis ex Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk. ed. 2: 594 1909
Juniperus virginiana var. pendula C.Lawson Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe 77. 1852
Juniperus virginiana var. pendula-viridis Gordon Pinetum Suppl.: 36. 1862
Juniperus virginiana f. smithii-pendula Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk. 125 1891
Juniperus virginiana var. smithii C.K.Schneid. Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer 204 1913
Juniperus virginiana var. chamberlaynii Carrière Traité Gén. Conif. 46. 1855
Juniperus virginiana f. albospica Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk. 127 1891
Juniperus virginiana var. variegata Loudon ex C.Lawson Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe 77. 1851
Juniperus virginiana f. variegata (Loudon ex C.Lawson) Rehder Bibl. Cult. Trees 61 1949
Juniperus virginiana var. glauca Carrière Traité Gén. Conif. 45. 1855
Juniperus virginiana f. glauca (Carrière) Rehder Bibl. Cult. Trees 61 1949
Juniperus virginiana f. elegantissima (W.Hochst.) Rehder Bibl. Cult. Trees 61 1949
Juniperus virginiana var. elegantissima W.Hochst. Coniferen 92. 1882
Juniperus virginiana f. plumosa C.K.Schneid. Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer 204 1913
Juniperus virginiana var. plumosa-argentea Beissn. Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. ed. 2: 467. 1884

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English eastern redcedar
English eastern juniper
English virginian juniper
English red juniper
English red cedar
English pencil cedar
English eastern red cedar
English aromatic cedar
Spanish enebro de virginia
Azerbaijani virciniya ardıcı
azb ویرجینیا آردیجی
Belarusian Ядловец віргінскі
Bulgarian вирджинска хвойна
Czech jalovec virginský
Czech jalovec viržinský
Danish blyant-ene
German virginischer wacholder
German bleistiftzeder
Estonian virgiinia kadakas
Basque virginiako ipuru
Persian جونیپروس ویرجینیانا
Finnish kynäkataja
French savin
French genevrier de virginie
French genévrier de virginie
Irish céadras dearg
Hebrew ערער ורגיאני
Upper Sorbian cedrojty jałorc
Hungarian virginiai boróka
Armenian գիհի վիրգինյան
Icelandic blýantseinir
Italian ginepro della virginia
Japanese エンピツビャクシン
Korean 연필향나무
Lithuanian virgininis kadagys
Norwegian Bokmål Østlig einer
Polish jałowiec wirginijski
Punjab چڑھدا صنوبر
Portuguese pencil cedar
Russian Можжевельник вирджинский
Russian Можжевельник виргинский
Slovak borievka virgínska
Serbian Вирџинијска клека
Swedish blyerts-en
Turkish kurşun kalem ardıcı
udm Виргиниысь сусыпу
Ukrainian Ялівець віргінський
Ukrainian Яловець віргінський
Chinese 北美圓柏
Chinese 美東刺柏
Chinese 铅笔柏
Chinese 北美圆柏

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola (Small) A.E.Murray Kalmia 13: 8 (1983)
Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Hungary
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy
      • Romania
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Ontario
      • Québec
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Northeast
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • Oklahoma
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Delaware
      • District Of Columbia
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000354923
UNII 22V7J574FK
Florida Plant Atlas 3925
Cornell Woody Plants 128
Canadensys 4709
USDA Plants JUVI
UConn 234
Tropicos 9400157
INPN 104422
Flora of Italy 8508
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:132551-2
The Plant List kew-2331595
Missouri Botanical Garden 279605
PFAF Juniperus virginiana
PaleoBotany 64147
Open Tree Of Life 78161
Observations.org 150042
NCBI Taxonomy 39584
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000042118
Nature Serve 2.128692
IUCN Red List 42257
IPNI 132551-2
iNaturalist 49399
GBIF 2684391
Freebase /m/029fdp
WisFlora 3984
FEIS plants/tree/junvir
EPPO IUPVI
EOL 1061664
Elurikkus 5321
US Library of Congress sh85071046
USDA GRIN 20878
Wikipedia Juniperus_virginiana

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
The genus Fomitopsis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) reconsidered Spirin V, Runnel K, Vlasák J, Viner I, Barrett MD, Ryvarden L, Bernicchia A, Rivoire B, Ainsworth AM, Grebenc T, Cartabia M, Niemelä T, Larsson KH, Miettinen O Stud Mycol 22-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC11003443
doi:10.3114/sim.2024.107.03
PMID:38600960
Self-assembled, disordered structural color from fruit wax bloom Middleton R, Tunstad SA, Knapp A, Winters S, McCallum S, Whitney H Sci Adv 07-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10849586
doi:10.1126/sciadv.adk4219
PMID:38324684
Critical Review on the Use of Extractives of Naturally Durable Woods as Natural Wood Protectants Kirker GT, Hassan B, Mankowski ME, Eller FJ Insects 18-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10816604
doi:10.3390/insects15010069
PMID:38249075
Radio Telemetry and Harmonic Radar Tracking of the Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Siderhurst MS, Murman KM, Kaye KT, Wallace MS, Cooperband MF Insects 30-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10816356
doi:10.3390/insects15010017
PMID:38249023
Exploring the Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Compounds in Pelargonium sp.: Beyond a Fragrant Plant Roman S, Voaides C, Babeanu N Plants (Basel) 10-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10748180
doi:10.3390/plants12244123
PMID:38140450
The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ PLoS One 04-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10602594
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:37792900
Holarctic Species in the Pluteus podospileus Clade: Description of Six New Species and Reassessment of Old Names Ševčíková H, Malysheva EF, Antonín V, Borovička J, Dovana F, Ferisin G, Eyssartier G, Grootmyers D, Heilmann-Clausen J, Kalichman J, Kaygusuz O, Lebeuf R, Muñoz González G, Minnis AM, Russell SD, Saar I, Nielsen IB, Frøslev TG, Justo A J Fungi (Basel) 31-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10532425
doi:10.3390/jof9090898
PMID:37755006
Life history, nest longevity, sex ratio, and nest architecture of the fungus-growing ant Mycetosoritis hartmanni (Formicidae: Attina) Mueller UG, Himler AG, Farrior CE PLoS One 26-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10370743
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0289146
PMID:37494382
Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities de Sousa DP, Damasceno RO, Amorati R, Elshabrawy HA, de Castro RD, Bezerra DP, Nunes VR, Gomes RC, Lima TC Biomolecules 18-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10377445
doi:10.3390/biom13071144
PMID:37509180
Overwintering and breeding patterns of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) in coastal plain habitats of the southeastern USA Kendrick MR, McCord JW Sci Rep 27-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10300085
doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37225-7
PMID:37369690
Current State of Knowledge Regarding WHO High Priority Pathogens—Resistance Mechanisms and Proposed Solutions through Candidates Such as Essential Oils: A Systematic Review Romanescu M, Oprean C, Lombrea A, Badescu B, Teodor A, Constantin GD, Andor M, Folescu R, Muntean D, Danciu C, Dalleur O, Batrina SL, Cretu O, Buda VO Int J Mol Sci 04-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10253476
doi:10.3390/ijms24119727
PMID:37298678
The Effects of Essential Oils on the Nervous System: A Scoping Review Sattayakhom A, Wichit S, Koomhin P Molecules 27-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10180368
doi:10.3390/molecules28093771
PMID:37175176
Plant Essential Oils as a Tool in the Control of Bovine Mastitis: An Update Caneschi A, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A Molecules 13-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10141161
doi:10.3390/molecules28083425
PMID:37110657
Spot-fire distance increases disproportionately for wildfires compared to prescribed fires as grasslands transition to Juniperus woodlands Donovan VM, Fogarty DT, Twidwell D PLoS One 11-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10089345
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283816
PMID:37040377
Anticancer Podophyllotoxin Recovery from Juniper Leaves at Atmospheric and High Pressure Using Eco-Friendly Solvents Ivanova D, Nedialkov P, Tashev A, Kokanova-Nedialkova Z, Olech M, Nowak R, Boyadzhieva S, Angelov G, Yankov D Plants (Basel) 31-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10096874
doi:10.3390/plants12071526
PMID:37050153

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan lactones / Podophyllotoxins
Podofilox 10607 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C2C3C(COC3=O)C(C4=CC5=C(C=C24)OCO5)O 414.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2003-39707
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
Agathisflavone 5281599 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4=C(C=C(C5=C4OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80593-X
Amentoflavone 5281600 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4=C(C=CC(=C4)C5=CC(=O)C6=C(C=C(C=C6O5)O)O)O)O 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83535-9
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80593-X
Cupressuflavone 5281609 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4=C(C=C(C5=C4OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80593-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Hinokiflavone 5281627 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)C5=CC(=O)C6=C(C=C(C=C6O5)O)O)O)O 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80593-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Isocryptomerin 5318537 Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)C5=CC(=O)C6=C(C=C(C=C6O5)O)O 552.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80593-X

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