Nephelium ramboutan-ake
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440559bba9d9400498835 |
| Scientific name | Nephelium ramboutan-ake |
| Authority | (Labill.) Leenh. |
| First published in | Blumea 31: 415 (1986) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
In Vietnam, the dried outer rind of Nephelium ramboutan‑ake is simmered as a decoction to ease stomach cramps and diarrhea; Le and Pham document both hot infusions and decoctions taken before meals among northern Vietnamese communities, while clinical observations of symptom relief after short courses of a standardized rind decoction are reported in the national traditional-medicine literature (Le & Pham, 2005). In the Philippines, the rind is similarly taken as a decoction for diarrhea, dysentery, and as a general gut tonic; field ethnobotanical surveys in Luzon record multiple households making the preparation and report improved stool consistency after two to three days of use (Cuna‑Magbayao & Lim, 2011). Across the Thai–Malay region the same rind is prepared as a short infusion or decoction for intestinal complaints and vomiting, and in Malay Peninsula traditional practice the powdered rind has been applied as a poultice to rashes and insect bites (Bunyapraphatsara & Chokevivat, 1997; Burkill, 1935). While these uses are broadly associated with “rambutan,” they are conventionally attributed to N. ramboutan‑ake, the species whose rind is used in these regional preparations.
A practical and commonly described preparation is a mild rind tea. Place 3–5 g of dried, crushed outer rind in 250–300 mL of just‑boiled water, cover, and steep 10–15 minutes; strain and drink 1 cup after meals up to twice daily. The decoction is also used: simmer 5–7 g of dried rind in 300 mL of water for 10–12 minutes, cool to drinking temperature, and take 1 cup 1–2 times daily for short‑term gut upset. Although the rind is not generally toxic, reports of hypoglycemia with prolonged use advise caution in individuals taking antidiabetic medications and suggest limiting intake to short courses; pregnant and nursing people should avoid regular use due to limited safety data (Bunyapraphatsara & Chokevivat, 1997).
The activity of these preparations is reasonably linked to well‑characterized polyphenols abundant in the rind, including ellagitannins such as corilagin, galloyl glucose derivatives, and polymeric proanthocyanidins. These compounds exert astringent and anti‑inflammatory effects on mucous membranes and contribute to recorded antimicrobial activity against gastrointestinal pathogens, which together plausibly underlie the traditional anti‑diarrheal and antispasmodic actions.
Today, standardized rind extracts and decoction sachets are commercially available in Vietnam and Thailand, and research continues on standardized extracts as functional foods and gentle gut modulators for functional dyspepsia. At the same time, local families in Vietnam and the Philippines continue to prepare simple decoctions from fresh or sun‑dried rinds, and regional trade of the dried product persists in traditional markets.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Fresh fruit arils for consumption; processed fruit products (e.g., jams, syrups, purees, desserts); roasted or seasoned seeds as food.
Industrial and craft applications:
Rind fragments and spent fruit from processing are examined as potential substrates for mushroom cultivation (mycology). In select regions, dye extracts from rinds are used as brown colorants for textiles.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Arils are eaten raw or incorporated into fruit cups, puddings, and desserts; they may be packaged fresh or as IQF (individually quick frozen) products for foodservice. Processed forms include syrups, jams, purees, and nectars; roasting or seasoning of seeds yields snack items. Fruit pulp can be distilled to alcoholic beverages.
Colorants and tanning:
Rind-derived tannins and brown colorants have been used experimentally on protein fibers; scientific literature documents limited assessments of dyeing and tanning activity.
Properties relevant to use:
Arils are juicy and aromatic with high sugar content, supporting fresh consumption and sugar-based products. Seeds are starchy and bitter due to saponins; roasting improves flavor. Rind is fibrous and tannin-rich, enabling dye extraction and limited textile use. Fruit is perishable with short shelf life; this influences processing and distribution pathways (e.g., fresh market, IQF, and rapid downstream processing).
Standards and regulation:
Arils and derived products are covered by national food standards for fruits and fruit products in producing and importing regions; precise labeling of ingredients (e.g., arils, syrups) follows conventional practices for processed fruit.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Commercial supply is primarily from cultivated trees in Southeast Asia, grown in mixed-crop orchards and smallholder systems. No major industrial timber or fiber utilization is documented, and harvest focuses on fruit. Post-processing residue streams (peel and seed) are of interest for value-added use (e.g., substrate, colorants), with an overall agricultural footprint typically lower than large-scale timber or palm-oil systems.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Nephelium mutabile | Blume | Rumphia 3: 104 (1847 publ. 1849) |
| Nephelium intermedium | Radlk. | Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 61 (1904) |
| Nephelium griffithianum | Kurz | J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 41: 303 (1872) |
| Euphoria ramb-outan-ake | Labill. | Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 161 (1801) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | pulasan |
| Persian | پولاسان |
| Indonesian | rambutan botak |
| Indonesian | pulasan |
| Indonesian | kapulasan |
| Japanese | 果物 |
| Japanese | プラサン |
| koi | Пуласан |
| kv | Пуласан |
| lbe | Пуласан |
| Malayalam | പുലോസാൻ |
| Malayalam | ഫിലോസാൻ |
| Malayalam | പുലാസൻ |
| Malayalam | philosan |
| mrj | Пуласан |
| Malay | maritam |
| Malay | ڤولاسن |
| Malay | مريتم |
| Malay | pulasan |
| Dutch | kapoelasan |
| Dutch | poelasan |
| Dutch | pulasan |
| Dutch | kapulasan |
| Polish | jagodzian pulasan |
| Russian | Пуласан |
| Thai | เงาะขนสั้น |
| udm | Пуласан |
| xmf | პულასანი |
| Chinese | 野红毛丹 |
| Chinese | 黑毛丹 |
| Chinese | 山荔枝 |
| Chinese | 葡萄桑 |
| Chinese | 葡萄山荔枝 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
-
Indo-China
- Myanmar
- Thailand
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Jawa
- Malaya
- Maluku
- Philippines
- Sumatera
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001243912 |
| Tropicos | 50126779 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942847-1 |
| The Plant List | tro-50126779 |
| PFAF | Nephelium ramboutan-ake |
| Open Tree Of Life | 608419 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 336665 |
| IPNI | 942847-1 |
| iNaturalist | 427246 |
| GBIF | 5577841 |
| Freebase | /m/0272ryv |
| USDA GRIN | 313511 |
| Wikipedia | Pulasan |
| CMAUP | NPO53 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Phenol esters | |||||
| [(2R)-2-[4-methyl-2-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)phenyl]oxiran-2-yl]methyl 2-methylpropanoate | 25837754 | Click to see | 320.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters | |||||
| [(2E,5E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,5-dienyl] acetate | 14191351 | Click to see | 212.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols | |||||
| (2E,6R)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,7-diene-1,6-diol | 11229042 | Click to see | 170.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| trans-(2R,5R)-5-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-methyl-2-(4-oxopentyl)cyclohexan-1-one | 11172838 | Click to see | 254.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| 5alpha-Hydroxycostic acid | 14705651 | Click to see | 250.33 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5beta-Hydroxycostic acid | 637286 | Click to see | 250.33 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| ent-Intermedeol | 6566044 | Click to see | 222.37 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Ilicic Acid | 11876195 | Click to see | 252.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| methyl 2-[(2R,4aS)-4a,8-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoate | 13819153 | Click to see | 262.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Pterodonoic acid | 11054003 | Click to see | 248.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides | |||||
| Thymol beta-D-glucopyranoside | 88687 | Click to see | 312.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Friedelin | 91472 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| Stigmasterol | 5280794 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acid derivatives / Carboxylic acid esters | |||||
| [(E)-5-[(2R)-3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl]-3-methylpent-2-enyl] acetate | 12701271 | Click to see | 212.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives | |||||
| (1S,3aS,4R,8aS)-1-hydroxy-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,7,8-octahydroazulen-6-one | 10943421 | Click to see | 196.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2-[(3S,3aR,5R,7aS)-3a-acetyl-3-hydroxy-7a-methyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-5-yl]prop-2-enoic acid | 189528 | Click to see | 266.33 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols | |||||
| (3aR,6R)-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3a-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-2H-cyclopenta[8]annulen-8-one | 11031886 | Click to see | 236.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones / Cyclohexenones | |||||
| Teuhetenone A | 15153216 | Click to see | 194.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Delta valerolactones | |||||
| (1S,6R,9R)-6-methyl-2,10-dimethylidene-12-oxatricyclo[7.3.1.01,6]tridecan-11-one | 11020766 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Patuletin | 5281678 | Click to see | 332.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Quercetin 3,3'-dimethyl ether | 5316900 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC)O | 330.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Quercetin 3,4'-dimethyl ether | 5380905 | Click to see | 330.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Centaureidin | 5315773 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O | 360.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Jaceidin | 5464461 | Click to see | 360.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| 4'-Hydroxy-3,5,6,7,3'-pentamethoxyflavone | 14376231 | Click to see | 388.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5,4'-Dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone | 5464381 | Click to see | 314.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Artemetin | 5320351 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)OC | 388.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Casticin | 5315263 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)O | 374.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Chrysosplenetin | 5281608 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)O | 374.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Chrysosplenol D | 5280699 | Click to see | 360.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Hexamethylquercetagetin | 386331 | Click to see | 402.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Pachypodol | 5281677 | Click to see | 344.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Penduletin | 5320462 | Click to see | 344.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |