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Zanthoxylum clava-herculis

Zanthoxylum clava-herculis - Unknown
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Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64404d8471e8a575253603
Scientific name Zanthoxylum clava-herculis
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 270 (1753)

Description Top

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Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, also known as Hercules' club, is a spiny tree or shrub found in the southeastern United States. It can grow up to 17 meters tall and has distinctive spined lumps on its bark. The leaves are leathery and pinnately compound, with small white flowers and a two-valved capsule fruit. This tree is sometimes called "toothache tree" or "tingle tongue" due to its numbing effect when chewed. It is also known to attract deer and birds, which help spread its seeds. Z. clava-herculis is host to various insect species and contains the active compound chelerythrine, which has antibacterial properties. It should not be confused with Aralia spinosa, another tree with a similar name but distinct features.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Kampmannia fraxinifolium Raf. Med. Repos. 5: 352. 1808
Xanthophyllon clavatum St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 70 (1880)
Xanthophyllon clava-herculis St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 70 (1880)
Zanthoxylum carolinianum Lam. Encycl. 2: 39 (1786)
Zanthoxylum catesbianum Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 114 (1830)
Zanthoxylum clavatum St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 137 (1880)
Fagara caroliniana Engl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(4): 117 (1896)
Fagara clava-herculis Small Fl. S.E. U.S. : 675 (1903)
Fagara fraxinifolia Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 334 (1792)
Zanthoxylum glandulosum (Raf.) Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 116 (1830)
Zanthoxylum hidalgense Lundell Wrightia 2: 105 (1960)
Zanthoxylum tricarpum Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 235 (1803)
Zanthoxylum aromaticum Willd. Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 4: 755 (1806)
Pseudopetalon tricarpum Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 114 (1830)
Pseudopetalon glandulosum Raf. Fl. Ludov. : 108 (1817)
Zanthoxylum macrophyllum Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 10 (1849)
Zanthoxylum alveolatum Shuttlew. ex S.Watson Bibl. Index N. Amer. Bot. : 156 (1878)
Zanthoxylum aromaticum (Blume) Miq.
Fagara clava-herculis var. fruticosa Sarg. Man. Trees : 583 (1905)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English hercules' club

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis subsp. fruticosum (A.Gray) Reynel Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 117: 175 (2017)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Northeast
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Oklahoma
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Louisiana
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Virginia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0001132900
UNII Z5VZA25BUK
Florida Plant Atlas 3891
Flora of Alabama 3310
USDA Plants ZACL
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775655-1
The Plant List tro-28100530
Missouri Botanical Garden 371991
PFAF Zanthoxylum clava-herculis
Open Tree Of Life 3942437
NCBI Taxonomy 1620214
Nature Serve 2.157110
IUCN Red List 152906282
IPNI 775655-1
iNaturalist 119986
GBIF 3190078
Freebase /m/05j1d1
EPPO ZANCH
EOL 582216
USDA GRIN 403183
Wikipedia Zanthoxylum_clava-herculis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Cytotoxic Amides from Fruits of Kawakawa, Macropiper excelsum. Lei J, Burgess EJ, Richardson AT, Hawkins BC, Baird SK, Smallfield BM, van Klink JW, Perry NB Planta Med 01-Aug-2015
doi:10.1055/S-0035-1546106
PMID:26039266
Molluscicidal and insecticidal activities of isobutylamides isolated fromFagara macrophylla I. Kubo, T. Matsumoto, J. A. Klocke, T. Kamikawa Springer Science and Business Media LLC 31-Jul-2005
doi:10.1007/BF01952540
Isolation, identification, and insecticidal properties of Piper nigrum amides Helen C. F. Su, Robert Horvat American Chemical Society (ACS) 18-Mar-2005
doi:10.1021/JF00103A029
The Ichthyotoxic Principles of Zanthoxylum clava-herculis Koppaka V. Rao, Richard Davies American Chemical Society (ACS) 11-Mar-2005
doi:10.1021/NP50044A027
Preparative isolation and purification of amides from the fruits of Piper longum L. by upright counter-current chromatography and reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Wu S, Sun C, Pei S, Lu Y, Pan Y J Chromatogr A 25-Jun-2004
doi:10.1016/J.CHROMA.2004.03.056
PMID:15230526
Activity of Zanthoxylum clava-herculis extracts against multi-drug resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (mdr-MRSA). Gibbons S, Leimkugel J, Oluwatuyi M, Heinrich M Phytother Res 01-Mar-2003
doi:10.1002/PTR.1112
PMID:12672160
Antifungal amides from Piper hispidum and Piper tuberculatum. Navickiene HM, Alécio AC, Kato MJ, Bolzani VD, Young MC, Cavalheiro AJ, Furlan M Phytochemistry 01-Nov-2000
doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00226-0
PMID:11130674
Isobutylamides and a new methylbutylamide from Piper sarmentosum. Stöhr JR, Xiao PG, Bauer R Planta Med 01-Mar-1999
doi:10.1055/S-2006-960460
PMID:17260253
Alkamides from Cissampelos glaberrima. Rosario SL, da Silva AJ, Parente JP Planta Med 01-Aug-1996
doi:10.1055/S-2006-957913
PMID:17252475

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines
N-acetylanonaine 6453733 Click to see CC(=O)N1CCC2=CC3=C(C4=C2C1CC5=CC=CC=C54)OCO3 307.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A027
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Benzophenanthridine alkaloids / Quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids
Chelerythrine 2703 Click to see C[N+]1=C2C(=C3C=CC(=C(C3=C1)OC)OC)C=CC4=CC5=C(C=C42)OCO5 348.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.1112
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
(-)-Asarinin 11869417 Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6 354.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A027
(-)-Sesamin 382073 Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6 354.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A027
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides / N-acyl amines
2,4-Octadienamide, N-(2-methylpropyl)-, (E,E)- 6479668 Click to see CCCC=CC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C 195.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957913
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHROMA.2004.03.056
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01952540
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960460
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboximidic acids and derivatives / Carboximidic acids
Neoherculin 131751109 Click to see CC=CC=CC=CCCC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C 247.38 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A027
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
4,5-Dihydropiperlonguminine 12682184 Click to see CC(C)CNC(=O)C=CCCC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2 275.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01952540
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00226-0
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00103A029
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0035-1546106

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