Musanga cecropioides
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ff5b9c3bfb064645431 |
| Scientific name | Musanga cecropioides |
| Authority | R.Br. ex Tedlie |
| First published in | Miss. Ashantee : 372 (1819) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
Suggest a correction!
Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Across West and Central Africa, Musanga cecropioides is best known as a fever plant, but the parts used and how they are prepared differ by locale. In southern Nigeria, healers collect mature leaves and steep them in near-boiling water to make an antimalarial tea (Watson et al., 1989). In the southern parts of the Republic of Congo, a light leaf infusion is taken for fevers and general malaise (Bouquet, 1971), while in southern Cameroon villagers use a bark decoction as a febrifuge and for “bile” complaints (Betti, 2004). A different sort of drink—bark macerated in warm water—is taken in some Central African communities for treating diarrhea and stomach pains (Betti, 2004). The same general pattern of using the leaf for fevers and the bark for digestive problems also appears in the western Congo basin, where infusions and decoctions are both recorded (Boulvert, 1982). Taken together, these records show that water extracts—teas, infusions, decoctions, and short macerations—are the preferred traditional forms.
For those who wish to try a mild leaf tea, the following method is typical of what healers describe. Simmer 5 g of freshly chopped leaves in 250 ml of water for 5 minutes, then remove from heat and steep covered for 10 minutes. Cool to comfortable drinking temperature. This is a mild, general-purpose febrifuge tea as practiced in Nigeria and Congo. Use cautiously: it is not for heavy daily use, should not be taken by children, and avoid in pregnancy and if you are using anticoagulants, since alkaloids in the plant can interfere with clotting medicines (African Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 2010).
Pharmacologically, the leaf and bark of Musanga cecropioides are rich in saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol (Tchinda et al., 2000). These classes of compounds are well known to provide antipyretic, antimicrobial, and astringent effects in other species and give a credible chemical basis for the fever‑relieving and antidiarrheal uses described above.
Today the umbrella tree is still collected and prepared as tea or decoction in rural clinics and by healers in Cameroon, the Republic of Congo, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the species appears in community pharmacopeias of the Congo basin (Betti, 2004). Small quantities of powdered bark and leaf are sold in local markets, and modern studies continue to evaluate the plant’s antimicrobial and antiparasitic properties, keeping a long‑standing fever remedy relevant to current practice.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Wood and fiber:
The timber is a lightweight, soft hardwood with a specific gravity approximately 0.38–0.44, yielding large logs with a high proportion of sapwood and a relatively low resistance to fungi and insects. The wood is employed in interior carpentry, light construction, paneling, crates, match blocks and splints, and fiberboard or particleboard. Bast fibers from the bark have been used for rope and cordage, while the pith is suited for match production.
Industrial and craft applications:
A principal industrial use is in match manufacture, where the species supplies both splints and friction strips. The wood’s low density, ease of processing, and workability make it suitable for mass-produced items such as boxes and light joinery. It is also used as a fuelwood and for charcoal production.
Properties relevant to use:
The material’s low specific gravity and consistent texture permit efficient cutting, planing, and machining. The match-grade performance is related to the uniformity of short fibers and relatively low resin content. Its susceptibility to decay is mitigated by the wood’s use in short-term, low-stress applications or treated components.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Musanga cecropioides occurs commonly in secondary forests across West and Central Africa. Its rapid growth and pioneer status support sustainable harvesting and plantation establishment; however, durability limitations restrict external or load-bearing applications without protective treatment.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Musanga smithii | R.Br. | Pl. Jav. Rar. : 49 (1838) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Persian | درخت چوبپنبهای آفریقا |
| French | parasolier |
| Chinese | 伞树 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Uganda
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
-
West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Ivory Coast
- Liberia
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Cabinda
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Equatorial Guinea
- Gabon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Zaïre
-
East Tropical Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000374733 |
| Tropicos | 21300990 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584392-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2369493 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 4729816 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1317686 |
| IUCN Red List | 61967837 |
| IPNI | 584392-1 |
| iNaturalist | 341036 |
| GBIF | 5643189 |
| Freebase | /m/056n4j |
| EPPO | MUGCE |
| EOL | 5719746 |
| USDA GRIN | 405240 |
| Wikipedia | Musanga_cecropioides |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters | |||||
| Oct-2-enyl acetate | 102248 | Click to see | 170.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| [(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162952298 | Click to see | 650.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| methyl (1R,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-1-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162935281 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC | 632.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957404 |
| Methyl 1-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162935280 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC | 632.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957404 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | 64945 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96945-4 |
| (1R,2R,4S,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,11R,12aR,14bS)-1,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 101637218 | Click to see CC1CC(C2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)O)O | 504.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R |
| 1,10-Dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 3838010 | Click to see | 472.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 |
| 2-Acetyltormentic acid | 178932 | Click to see | 530.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A034 |
| Arjunolic acid | 73641 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)CO)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C | 488.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 |
| Cecropic acid | 192258 | Click to see | 514.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 |
| Corosolic Acid | 6918774 | Click to see | 472.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 |
| Euscaphic Acid | 471426 | Click to see | 488.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A034 |
| Euscaphic Acid Methyl Ester | 14314584 | Click to see | 502.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R |
| Maslinic Acid | 73659 | Click to see | 472.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96945-4 |
| Maslinic acid methyl ester | 13653327 | Click to see | 486.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957404 |
| methyl (1R,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-11-acetyloxy-1,10-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 21123533 | Click to see | 544.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| methyl (1R,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-1,10-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 457300 | Click to see | 486.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| methyl (1R,2R,4S,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,11R,12aR,14bS)-1,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101637217 | Click to see | 518.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R |
| methyl (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bR)-10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate | 89432794 | Click to see | 470.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957404 |
| Methyl 1,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 163041892 | Click to see CC1CC(C2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC)O | 518.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R |
| Methyl 11-acetyloxy-1,10-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 73744534 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)OC(=O)C)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC | 544.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| Methyl maslinate | 3082208 | Click to see | 486.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957404 |
| Methyl Oleanolate | 92900 | Click to see | 470.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957404 |
| Oleanolic Acid | 10494 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 |
| Pomolic Acid | 382831 | Click to see | 472.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| Tormentic acid | 73193 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)O | 488.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A034 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96945-4 |
| Tormentic Acid Methyl Ester | 14314585 | Click to see | 502.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3,19-trihydroxy-, methyl ester, (2alpha,3beta)- | 601648 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC | 502.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80459-R https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00789-9 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Hydroxysteroids / 1-hydroxysteroids | |||||
| Dimethyl 2,6,11-trihydroxy-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,7a-dicarboxylate | 163027875 | Click to see | 546.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83649-6 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Hydroxysteroids / 16-hydroxysteroids | |||||
| dimethyl (2S,3aR,5aR,5bS,6S,7aS,10R,11R,11aS,13aR,13bR)-2,6,11-trihydroxy-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,7a-dicarboxylate | 163027876 | Click to see | 546.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83649-6 |
| dimethyl (2S,3aR,5aR,5bS,7aS,8S,10R,11R,11aS,13aR,13bR)-2,8,11-trihydroxy-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,7a-dicarboxylate | 162976209 | Click to see | 546.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83649-6 |
| Dimethyl 2,8,11-trihydroxy-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,7a-dicarboxylate | 162976208 | Click to see | 546.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83649-6 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Oxosteroids / 16-oxosteroids | |||||
| (1R,2S,4aR,4bS,6aS,9R,10R,10aS,12aS)-1-(carboxymethyl)-2-(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)-10-hydroxy-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylic acid | 124708159 | Click to see | 518.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96945-4 |
| 1-(carboxymethyl)-2-(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)-10-hydroxy-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylic acid | 14312909 | Click to see | 518.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96945-4 |
| methyl (1R,2R,4aR,4bR,5S,6aS,9R,10R,10aS,10bR,12aR)-5,10-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,10b,11,12,12a-dodecahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 101602323 | Click to see CC1CCC2(CC(C3(C(C2C1(C)O)CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)CC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C(=O)OC)C)C)O)C(=O)OC | 578.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl (1R,2R,4aR,4bR,6aS,7S,9R,10R,10aS,10bR,12aR)-7,10-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,10b,11,12,12a-dodecahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 101602322 | Click to see | 578.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl (1R,2S,4aR,4bS,5S,6aS,9R,10R,10aS,12aS)-5,10-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 162884196 | Click to see | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl (1R,2S,4aR,4bS,6aS,7S,9R,10R,10aS,12aR)-7,10-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 163046328 | Click to see | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl (1R,2S,4aR,4bS,6aS,9R,10R,10aS,12aS)-10-hydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 163023802 | Click to see | 560.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl (1S,2S,4aS,4bR,6aS,9R,10R,10aR,12aS)-10-hydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 101603364 | Click to see | 560.80 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A005 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96945-4 |
| methyl 10-hydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 14312911 | Click to see | 560.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl 5,10-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 14845557 | Click to see | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| methyl 7,10-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,4a,4b,9,10-pentamethyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10a,12,12a-decahydro-2H-chrysene-6a-carboxylate | 14845555 | Click to see CC1CC(C2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)CC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C(=O)OC)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC)O | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84220-M |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid acids / 3-carboxy steroids | |||||
| 2,6,11-Trihydroxy-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,7a-dicarboxylic acid | 163192388 | Click to see | 518.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83649-6 |
| 2,8,11-Trihydroxy-3,3,5a,5b,10,11,13b-heptamethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11a,13,13a-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,7a-dicarboxylic acid | 163187697 | Click to see | 518.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83649-6 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| 4-Coumaric acid | 322 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 |
| P-Coumaric Acid | 637542 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960959 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids | |||||
| Proanthocyanidin B2 | 5320711 | Click to see | 578.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00003 |
| Procyanidin C1 | 169853 | Click to see | 866.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00003 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00003 |
| Epicatechin | 72276 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00003 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides | |||||
| Isovitexin | 162350 | Click to see | 432.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00003 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |