Ziziphus mucronata
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ffbef311f5998169809 |
| Scientific name | Ziziphus mucronata |
| Authority | Willd. |
| First published in | Enum. Pl. : 251 (1809) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
The species is most widely used for living hedges. The thorny, coppicing growth habit and drought tolerance make it effective for boundary demarcation and stock control. In parts of southern Africa it is also planted for soil stabilization and dune rehabilitation, and seedlings are used in restoration and mine–site reclamation.
Industrial and craft applications:
Although not a major timber species, the hard, durable wood is occasionally used for tool handles, walking sticks, posts, and small turned items where toughness is required. Bark tannins have been used in leather tanning and as a natural brown dye for wool and cotton; commercial applications are not standardized and are typically small-scale.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Fruits are locally collected as food; preparation is commonly by sun-drying and storage for later consumption, sometimes as a minor ingredient in traditional beer or other beverages (fermented products are food, not medicine).
Colorants and tanning:
Bark and occasionally leaves provide brown dyes for protein fibers and tannin for leather. Quantities and quality vary regionally; documentation for large-scale use is limited.
Wood and fiber:
Hard, dense, rot-resistant wood suited to small, stress-bearing items (e.g., tool handles, club/stick, posts). Information on mechanical properties is anecdotal; the plant is not a pulpwood species.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No established fragrance or cosmetic use has been documented.
Properties relevant to use:
- Growth form and thorn structure provide defensive barriers and enable coppicing for live fencing.
- Bark contains hydrolyzable or condensed tannins that mordant and dye protein fibers; tannins form complexes with collagen, aiding leather tanning.
- Fruit is locally used as a food source, typically after drying or fermentation; the exact sugar/acid composition is not standardized for industry.
Standards and regulation:
No species-specific industry standards or regulatory frameworks are identified.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Most material is harvested from wild or semi-wild stands; planting in hedges and small stands reduces pressure on natural populations. The species’ drought and browse tolerance can be advantageous in low-input land-rehabilitation settings, but long-term supply potential and conservation status vary by region; systematic assessments are lacking.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Ziziphus mitis | A.Rich. | Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 137 (1847) |
| Ziziphus adelensis | Delile | Sec. Voy. Choa : 341 (1846) |
| Ziziphus bubalina | Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 5: 334 (1819) |
| Ziziphus baclei | DC. | Prodr. 2: 20 (1825) |
| Ziziphus madecassa | H.Perrier | Notul. Syst. (Paris) 11: 17 (1943) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | buffalo thorn |
| English | isilahla |
| English | blinkblaar-wag-'n-bietjie |
| Afrikaans | blinkblaar-wag-'n-bietjie |
| Bambara | surukuntɔmɔlɔn |
| Persian | خار گاومیش |
| Fulah | gulum jaabe |
| Finnish | afrikanjujuba |
| Hausa | magaryar kura |
| nso | mokgalô |
| nso | moonaona |
| Kinyarwanda | umuganzacyaro (ziziphus mucronata) |
| ss | umlahlabantu |
| tn | mokgalo |
| ts | mphasamhala |
| ve | mutshetshete |
| wo | siddeem bukki |
| xh | umphafa |
| Chinese | 凸棗 |
| Chinese | 水牛刺 |
| Chinese | 水牛刺棗 |
| Chinese | 凸枣 |
| Zulu | isilahla |
| Zulu | umlahlankosi |
| Zulu | umphafa |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Chad
- Djibouti
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Somalia
- Sudan
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
-
Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Cape Provinces
- Caprivi Strip
- Free State
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Namibia
- Northern Provinces
- Swaziland
-
West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Burkina
- Gambia
- Guinea
- Ivory Coast
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Togo
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Rwanda
- Zaïre
-
Western Indian Ocean
- Madagascar
-
East Tropical Africa
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Arabian Peninsula
- Saudi Arabia
- Yemen
-
Arabian Peninsula
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000430319 |
| Tropicos | 27500879 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2470721 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 896363 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 345811 |
| IUCN Red List | 146199970 |
| IPNI | 719359-1 |
| iNaturalist | 340228 |
| GBIF | 3875567 |
| Freebase | /m/03cb18k |
| EPPO | ZIPMU |
| EOL | 5535523 |
| USDA GRIN | 42288 |
| Wikipedia | Ziziphus_mucronata |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| Desulfated holothurin A | 3038027 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC3CCC4(C(C3(C)C)CCC5C4=CC(C67C5(CCC6(C(OC7=O)(C)C8CCC(O8)(C)C)O)C)O)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)OC)O)O | 1119.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Peptides / Cyclic peptides | |||||
| (2S)-N-[(2R,3S)-1-[(3S,7R,10S,13Z)-10-[(2R)-butan-2-yl]-16-methoxy-8,11-dioxo-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraen-6-yl]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylpropanamide | 163035182 | Click to see | 661.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| (2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[(3R,7R,10S,13Z)-10-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-16-hydroxy-8,11-dioxo-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraen-6-yl]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylpropanamide | 163186687 | Click to see | 647.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| (2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[(3R,7S,10S,13Z)-10-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-16-methoxy-8,11-dioxo-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraen-6-yl]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylpropanamide | 163194746 | Click to see CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)OC3CCN(C3C(=O)N1)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC4=CC=CC=C4)N(C)C)OC | 661.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| Abyssenine A | 23643768 | Click to see | 458.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9601972 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Peptides / Oligopeptides | |||||
| (3R,7R,10S,13Z)-10-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-6-[(2S)-2-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpentanoyl]-16-methoxy-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraene-8,11-dione | 163190108 | Click to see CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)OC3CCN(C3C(=O)N1)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)N(C)C)OC | 514.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| 10-Butan-2-yl-6-[2-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpentanoyl]-16-methoxy-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraene-8,11-dione | 163044162 | Click to see CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)OC3CCN(C3C(=O)N1)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)N(C)C)OC | 514.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| Mucronine D | 5373023 | Click to see | 661.80 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9601972 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| Mucronine J | 10719669 | Click to see | 484.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9601972 |
| N-[1-(10-butan-2-yl-16-hydroxy-8,11-dioxo-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.03,7]nonadeca-1(19),13,15,17-tetraen-6-yl)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylpropanamide | 163018995 | Click to see CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)OC3CCN(C3C(=O)N1)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC4=CC=CC=C4)N(C)C)O | 647.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
| N-{1-[10-(butan-2-yl)-16-methoxy-8,11-dioxo-2-oxa-6,9,12-triazatricyclo[13.3.1.0^{3,7}]nonadeca-1(18),13,15(19),16-tetraen-6-yl]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl}-2-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylpropanamide | 16058117 | Click to see CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)OC3CCN(C3C(=O)N1)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC4=CC=CC=C4)N(C)C)OC | 661.80 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9601972 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86897-1 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |