Glaucidium palmatum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401e0daf192569675073 |
| Scientific name | Glaucidium palmatum |
| Authority | Siebold & Zucc. |
| First published in | Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(2): 184 (1845) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Ornamental potted plants sold by commercial nurseries under the name “Japanese bluebell”, marketed for shade‑garden and woodland plantings.
- Seed packets offered by horticultural seed companies for home gardening.
- Cut stems of the plant are occasionally used in small‑scale floral arrangements, though the short height limits larger bouquets.
Properties relevant to use:
- Herbaceous perennial reaching 20–30 cm; basal leaves form a compact rosette, with 4‑petaled blue‑to‑violet flowers that appear in early spring.
- Prefers moist, humus‑rich soils in partial to full shade, making it suitable for container culture and shaded borders.
- Classified as hardy in USDA zones 5–7 (RHS hardiness rating H4; tolerates winter temperatures down to –15 °C).
- The species is monotypic in the family Glaucidiaceae, providing a reference point in phylogenetic studies; its complete chloroplast genome (available in GenBank) has been sequenced and employed in comparative genomics of basal eudicots.
Standards and regulation:
- Cultivar naming follows the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP).
- International movement of live plant material is governed by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) and the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) phytosanitary standards.
- In Japan, the Plant Protection Act regulates import, export, and quarantine of ornamental plants, including Glaucidium palmatum.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Wild populations are restricted to mountainous regions of central and western Japan, but commercial material is primarily propagated from cultivated stock, substantially reducing any pressure on natural stands.
- No formal conservation status is assigned by the IUCN Red List, and the cultivated supply meets market demand, supporting sustainable sourcing.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Glaucidium palmatum var. leucanthum | Makino | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 24: 16 1910 |
| Glaucidium paradoxum | Makino | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 24: 71 (1910) |
| Glaucidium pinnatum | Finet & Gagnep. | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 392 (1904) |
| Hydrastis jezoensis | Siebold ex Miq. | Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 205 (1867) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | japanese wood poppy |
| Finnish | sinikämmen |
| Japanese | シラネアオイ |
| Japanese | シラネアオイ属 |
| Japanese | シラネアオイ科 |
| Korean | 글라우키디움 팔마툼 |
| Korean | 글라우키디움 |
| Polish | glaucidiaceae |
| Russian | Глауцидиум пальчатый |
| Russian | глауцидиум пальчатый |
| Chinese | 白根葵 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
| Requires Darkness: These seeds need to be covered with soil or otherwise kept in the dark to germinate properly. Light inhibits their germination process. |
| Germination Improved by GA3: Gibberellic Acid(GA3) is a plant growth hormone that can break dormancy and improve germination rates for seeds that are otherwise difficult to sprout. |
| Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate. |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
-
Eastern Asia
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000703515 |
| Tropicos | 27100405 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:711245-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2826302 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 889044 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 39106 |
| IPNI | 711245-1 |
| iNaturalist | 437629 |
| GBIF | 5579436 |
| Freebase | /m/064_8t |
| EPPO | GLZPA |
| EOL | 6352063 |
| USDA GRIN | 450569 |
| Wikipedia | Glaucidium_palmatum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides | |||||
| (2S)-2,3,3,9-tetramethyl-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 163023989 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(O1)C3=C(C=CC(=C3C)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC2=O)(C)C | 422.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| 2,3,3,9-tetramethyl-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 77912415 | Click to see | 422.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Angular furanocoumarins | |||||
| (2R,3R)-8-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 44347289 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(O1)C3=C(C=CC(=C3C)O)OC2=O)(C)CO | 276.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| (2S,3R)-8-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 44346830 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(O1)C3=C(C=CC(=C3C)O)OC2=O)(C)CO | 276.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| (2S)-8-hydroxy-2,3,3,9-tetramethyl-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 162960175 | Click to see | 260.28 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.88.5_627 |
| (8-hydroxy-2,3,9-trimethyl-4-oxo-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)methyl acetate | 75003304 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(O1)C3=C(C=CC(=C3C)O)OC2=O)(C)COC(=O)C | 318.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| 8-hydroxy-2,3,3,9-tetramethyl-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 10244346 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(O1)C3=C(C=CC(=C3C)O)OC2=O)(C)C | 260.28 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.88.5_627 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| 8-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one | 20841614 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(O1)C3=C(C=CC(=C3C)O)OC2=O)(C)CO | 276.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| Acetic acid (2R,3R)-8-hydroxy-2,3,9-trimethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-3-ylmethyl ester | 44347273 | Click to see | 318.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| Acetic acid (2S,3R)-8-hydroxy-2,3,9-trimethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-3-ylmethyl ester | 44347272 | Click to see | 318.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| 6-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylchromen-2-one | 23260079 | Click to see | 206.19 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2004.05.015 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One | 5378597 | Click to see | 464.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | 14704550 | Click to see | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 14704551 | Click to see | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 14704549 | Click to see | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 51521835 | Click to see | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 5462193 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-allopyranoside | 12358430 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
| Quercetin 3-alloside | 12304327 | Click to see | 464.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85291-M |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |