Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In parts of the Solomon Islands, the New Hebrides, and eastern New Guinea, people have long relied on Piper macropiper as a household remedy. In the Solomon Islands, “bush medicine” manuals record that young shoots or leaves are chewed to treat diarrhea, while an infusion made from the aerial parts is taken for stomach pain (Cambie and Ash, 1994; Holdsworth et al., 1985). On Tanna Island in the New Hebrides, healers prepare a leaf decoction for fever; in East New Britain, a leaf infusion is used for coughs (Bennett et al., 2021; Holdsworth et al., 1985). Such preparations are still common among village healers who combine local knowledge with guidance from community health workers.

One practical recipe uses a mild leaf infusion. Measure 5–10 g of fresh young leaves and shoots, crush lightly, and steep in 250–300 mL of freshly boiled water for 10–15 minutes; strain and sip 1 cup 2–3 times daily as needed for stomach upset or to reduce a mild fever (Cambie and Ash, 1994; Bennett et al., 2021). Use only young aerial parts and do not drink more than 3 cups per day; avoid during pregnancy and do not give to children under 12 (Holdsworth et al., 1985).

Traditional activity is often linked to the plant’s essential oils and peppery amides. Constituents reported for the species include safrole, myristicin, and elemicin in the essential oil, along with the pungent amide piperlongumine (Cox and Stoltzfus, 1976; Mueller et al., 1999). These constituents are well established for Piper species and align with the documented uses for digestive complaints, cough, and fever.

Research remains modest, but ethnobotanical surveys continue to highlight Piper macropiper’s practical role, while extracts are sometimes available in regional herbal supply outlets that focus on Pacific Island plants.

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Piper breviantherum	C.DC.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55: 209 (1918)
Piper rodatzii	K.Schum. & Lauterb.	Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee : 262 (1900)
Piper rothianum	F.M.Bailey	Queensland Agric. J. 5: 390 (1899)
Piper pilipes	C.DC.	Philipp. J. Sci., C 5: 423 (1910)
Piper subvirosum	C.DC.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55: 215 (1918)
Piper vaupelii	Lauterb.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 41: 224 (1908)
Piper arborescens var. angustilimbum	Quisumb.	Philipp. J. Sci. 43(1): 22–23, f. 2, 5–6 1930
Piper kotoense	Yamam.	J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 4: 304 (1932)
Piper novoguineense	Warb.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 284 (1891)
Piper arborescens	Roxb.	Hort. Bengal. 80 (1814), nomen; Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall., i. 161 (1820); Fl.Ind., ed. Carey, i. 159 (1832).

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Chinese	蘭嶼風藤
Chinese	兰屿胡椒
Chinese	兰屿风藤

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Piper macropiper var. macrophylla	R.O.Gardner	Blumea 57: 287 (2013)
Piper macropiper var. macropiper		Unknown

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Eastern Asia
  - Taiwan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indo-China
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - Thailand
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
  - Sumatera
- Papuasia
  - New Guinea
  - Solomon Islands

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Samoa
  - Santa Cruz Island
  - Tonga
  - Vanuatu
  - Wallis-Futuna Islands

Southern America click to expand
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000486046
Tropicos	25004429
The Plant List	tro-25004429
Open Tree Of Life	167787
NCBI Taxonomy	130380
IPNI	680434-1
GBIF	4184407
EOL	2871897
USDA GRIN	28572
Tropicos	25004457
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:682069-1
The Plant List	kew-2568950
Open Tree Of Life	655222
NCBI Taxonomy	411948
IPNI	682069-1
GBIF	4187547
iNaturalist	1025934

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

A General Strategy for the Synthesis of Truxinate Natural Products Enabled by Enantioselective [2+2] Photocycloadditions

Genzink MJ, Rossler MD, Recendiz H, Yoon TP

J Am Chem Soc

21-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10528511
doi:	10.1021/jacs.3c07132
PMID:	37603410

Targeting the Interplay of Autophagy and ROS for Cancer Therapy: An Updated Overview on Phytochemicals

Dong L, He J, Luo L, Wang K

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

08-Jan-2023

PMCID:	PMC9865312
doi:	10.3390/ph16010092
PMID:	36678588

Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas

Yang SZ, Chen PH, Chen JJ

Bot Stud

24-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9509506
doi:	10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
PMID:	36153445

Caferana seeds (Bunchosia glandulifera) as a new source of nutrients: Evaluation of the proximal composition, solvent extraction, bioactive compounds, and δ-lactam isolation

Fraga S, Domingues Nasário F, Gonçalves D, Antonio Cabral F, José Maximo G, José de Almeida Meirelles A, Jocelyne Marsaioli A, Araujo Sampaio K

Food Chem X

12-Nov-2021

PMCID:	PMC8633560
doi:	10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100161
PMID:	34877526

Cambial variations of Piper (Piperaceae) in Taiwan

Yang SZ, Chen PH

Bot Stud

29-Mar-2017

PMCID:	PMC5432890
doi:	10.1186/s40529-017-0172-z
PMID:	28510200

Mixed-Ligand Chiral Rhodium(II) Catalyst Enables the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Piperarborenine B

Panish RA, Chintala SR, Fox JM

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl

16-Mar-2016

PMCID:	PMC4900183
doi:	10.1002/anie.201600766
PMID:	26991451

Cyclobutane-Containing Alkaloids: Origin, Synthesis, and Biological Activities

Sergeiko A, Poroikov VV, Hanuš LO, Dembitsky VM

Open Med Chem J

15-Apr-2008

PMCID:	PMC2709475
doi:	10.2174/1874104500802010026
PMID:	19696873

New cytotoxic cyclobutanoid amides, a new furanoid lignan and anti-platelet aggregation constituents from Piper arborescens.

Tsai IL, Lee FP, Wu CC, Duh CY, Ishikawa T, Chen JJ, Chen YC, Seki H, Chen IS

Planta Med

01-Jun-2005

doi:	10.1055/S-2005-864155
PMID:	15971125

New cytotoxic cyclobutanoid amides, a new furanoid lignan and anti-platelet aggregation constituents from Piper arborescens.

Tsai IL, Lee FP, Wu CC, Duh CY, Ishikawa T, Chen JJ, Chen YC, Seki H, Chen IS

Planta Med

01-Jun-2005

doi:	10.1055/S-2005-864155
PMID:	15971125

Cyclobutanoid Amides from <i>Piper arborescens</i>

Fan‐Pin Lee, Yu‐Chang Chen, Jih‐Jung Chen, Ian‐Lih Tsai, Ih‐Sheng Chen

Wiley

27-Feb-2004

doi:	10.1002/HLCA.200490044

Cyclobutanoid Amides from <i>Piper arborescens</i>

Fan‐Pin Lee, Yu‐Chang Chen, Jih‐Jung Chen, Ian‐Lih Tsai, Ih‐Sheng Chen

Wiley

27-Feb-2004

doi:	10.1002/HLCA.200490044

Cytotoxic pyridone alkaloids from Piper aborescens

Duh Chang-Yih, Wu Yang-Chang, Wang Shang-Kwei

Elsevier BV

25-Jul-2002

doi:	10.1016/0031-9422(90)85215-2

Cytotoxic pyridone alkaloids from Piper aborescens

Duh Chang-Yih, Wu Yang-Chang, Wang Shang-Kwei

Elsevier BV

25-Jul-2002

doi:	10.1016/0031-9422(90)85215-2

Cytotoxic pyridone alkaloids from the leaves of Piper aborescens.

Duh CY, Wu YC, Wang SK

J Nat Prod

01-Nov-1990

doi:	10.1021/NP50072A030
PMID:	2089124

Cytotoxic pyridone alkaloids from the leaves of Piper aborescens.

Duh CY, Wu YC, Wang SK

J Nat Prod

01-Nov-1990

doi:	10.1021/NP50072A030
PMID:	2089124

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines / 4,5-dioxoaporphines
14,15,16-Trimethoxy-10-methyl-10-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.013,17]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,8,13,15-heptaene-11,12-dione	11210309	Click to see	351.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Cepharadione B	189151	Click to see CN1C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C4=C2C(=CC(=C4OC)OC)C(=O)C1=O	321.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Aristolactams
Aristolactam BIII	14526428	Click to see COC1=CC2=C3C4=C(C=C2C=C1)NC(=O)C4=CC(=C3OC)OC	309.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Cepharanone B	162739	Click to see	279.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Goniothalactam	10447198	Click to see	295.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Piperolactam D	14039008	Click to see COC1=C2C3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4C=C3NC2=O)C(=C1OC)O	295.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes
1-[(1S,3S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridine-1-carbonyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]-2,3-dihydropyridin-6-one	56643468	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2C(C(C2C(=O)N3CCC=CC3=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC)OC)OC)C(=O)N5CCC=CC5=O)OC	604.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044
1-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridine-1-carbonyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]-2,3-dihydropyridin-6-one	73046783	Click to see	604.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
1-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridine-1-carbonyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]-2,3-dihydropyridin-6-one	163051424	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2C(C(C2C(=O)N3CCC=CC3=O)C4=CC5=C(C(=C4)OC)OCO5)C(=O)N6CCC=CC6=O)OC	588.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
1-[2,4-Bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridine-1-carbonyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]-2,3-dihydropyridin-6-one	101725586	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2C(C(C2C(=O)N3CCC=CC3=O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)OC)OC)C(=O)N5CCC=CC5=O)OC	574.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044
> Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles
piplartine dimer A	14782642	Click to see	634.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50072A030
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
(+)-Epiexcelsin	489948	Click to see	414.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85215-2
1,4-Bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo(3,4-c)furan	99091	Click to see	446.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Diayangambin	167452	Click to see	446.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85215-2 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,9-epoxylignans
[(3R,4S,5S)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)oxolan-3-yl]-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone	23649711	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C2C(C(CO2)C(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)OC)OC)OC)CO	462.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
[4-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)oxolan-3-yl]-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone	74078500	Click to see	462.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Xanthophylls
[(1R)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl] (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate	162880157	Click to see CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(=C(C(C1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2C(=CC(CC2(C)C)O)C)C)C)C	829.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Saccharolipids
[6-[2-[4-[11-Acetyloxy-9-(2-methylbutanoyl)-4-oxo-1,5,9-triazacyclotridec-2-yl]phenoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl butanoate	74941668	Click to see CCCC(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4CC(=O)NCCCN(CC(CCN4)OC(=O)C)C(=O)C(C)CC)C)O)O)O)O)O	811.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R)-1-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	71716352	Click to see CC(C)C(=C)CCC(CO)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal alkaloids / Buxus alkaloids
31-hydroxybuxamine B	101533042	Click to see	428.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Cysteine and derivatives
D-Cystine	6857538	Click to see	240.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044
> Organic acids and derivatives / Peptidomimetics / Depsipeptides / Cyclic depsipeptides / Cyclic glycodepsipeptides
Hassallidin A	139584641	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCC(C(C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)NC1C(OC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N(C(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(=CC)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC1=O)C(C)O)CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)CCC(=O)N)C)C(C)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)CCC(=O)N)C)O)O	1382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides
11-[3-[3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid	73814623	Click to see	1023.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
1-[2-(7-Methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridine-1-carbonyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]-2,3-dihydropyridin-6-one	162942206	Click to see	618.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155 https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / Hydropyridines
2(1H)-Pyridone, 5,6-dihydro-	6453994	Click to see	97.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives
Piperlongumin	442653	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C=CC(=O)N2CCC=CC2=O	317.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Piperlongumine	637858	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C=CC(=O)N2CCC=CC2=O	317.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50072A030 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-, methyl ester, cis	6431041	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C=CC(=O)OC	252.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Methyl 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	146047	Click to see	252.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate	735846	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C=CC(=O)OC	252.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-864155
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
7-Methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	73805608	Click to see	592.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200490044

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Piper macropiper

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top