Asarum europaeum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64400af81aecc941251744 |
| Scientific name | Asarum europaeum |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 442 (1753) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
— Horticultural ornamental/groundcover plants (evergreen foliage for shade gardens; cultivated form: potted or field-grown perennials).
Scientific and model uses:
— Developmental biology: A model taxon for studying symplastic domains and phloem loading in basal angiosperms (A. europaeum L.; authority).
— Evo-devo and morphology: Used to compare developmental pathways and floral architecture in early-diverging angiosperms; comparative ontogenies published in peer‑reviewed journals.
— Standardized experimental system: Seed pre‑treatment and growth protocols (e.g., cold stratification; defined light/soil conditions) established in laboratory and garden studies; comparative anatomy methods published.
— Community resources: Incorporated into natural history and botanical databases (e.g., GBIF, Euro+Med, POWO), enabling trait and distribution data use in phylogenetic and ecological analyses.
— Genomics: Listed in genome catalogues for basal angiosperms; cited in Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and related taxonomic revisions.
Industrial and craft applications: None reported for this taxon.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal): None documented for this taxon.
Colorants and tanning: None documented for this taxon.
Wood and fiber: None documented for this taxon.
Fragrance and cosmetics: None documented for this taxon.
Properties relevant to use: Evergreen growth habit and low light tolerance enable its horticultural use as groundcover; characteristic developmental features underpin its application as an experimental model system.
Standards and regulation: N/A.
Sustainability and sourcing: Typically propagated by division or cultivation; not harvested from wild populations for commercial products; avoid wild collection to prevent local depletion.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Asarum europaeum var. romanicum | Kukkonen & Uotila | Ann. Bot. Fenn. 14: 138 (1977) |
| Asarum lucidum | Salisb. | Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 344. 1796 [Nov-Dec 1796] |
| Asarum officinale | Moench | Methodus : 292 (1794) |
| Asarum renifolium | Stokes | Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 5 (1812) |
| Asarum reniforme | Gilib. | Exerc. Phyt. 2: 424. 1792 |
| Asarum rotundifolium | St.-Lag. | Étude Fl. , éd. 8, 2: 720 (1889) |
| Asarum europaeum f. patens | Domin | Russk. Bot. Zhurn. 21: 22 1911 |
| Asarum europaeum f. pseudocapsicum | Pawł. | Fl. Tatr. 1: 266 1956 |
| Asarum europaeum var. andreanszkyi | Pénzes | Borbásia 1: 72 1939 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | european wild ginger |
| Spanish | Ásaro |
| Spanish | asaro |
| ang | asaru |
| ang | europisc wild gingifer/gw |
| ang | europisc wild gingifer |
| Arabic | ناردين بري |
| Arabic | اسارون |
| Arabic | الأسارون |
| Arabic | الناردين البري |
| Arabic | أذن الإنسان |
| Azerbaijani | avropa çobandüdüyü |
| ba | Тайтояҡ |
| Belarusian | Дзікі перац |
| Belarusian | Падалешнік еўрапейскі |
| Belarusian | Церазгрывіца |
| Belarusian | Расходнік |
| Belarusian | Княчыя капыткі |
| Belarusian | Капытнік |
| Bulgarian | копитник |
| Catalan | atzarí |
| Czech | kopytník evropský |
| Welsh | carn-yr-ebol y gerddi |
| Danish | almindelig hasselurt |
| Danish | hasselurt |
| German | gewöhnliche haselwurz |
| German | brechwurz |
| Esperanto | azaro |
| Estonian | metspipar |
| Estonian | harilik metspipar |
| Persian | زنجبیل وحشی اروپایی |
| Finnish | lehtotaponlehti |
| Finnish | taponlehti |
| French | asaret d'europe |
| Croatian | kopitnjak |
| Upper Sorbian | europski smólnik |
| Hungarian | kapotnyak |
| Hungarian | kereklevelű kapotnyak |
| Kazakh | Европалық құсықшөп |
| Lithuanian | europinė pipirlapė |
| Macedonian | копитник |
| Macedonian | европски копитник |
| mrj | Ладыншуды |
| Norwegian Bokmål | hasselurt |
| Dutch | mansoor |
| Dutch | hazelwortel |
| os | пъерццæг |
| Polish | kopytnik pospolity |
| Portuguese | ásaro |
| Romanian | popilnic |
| Russian | Лесной перец |
| Russian | Копытень европейский |
| Russian | Винный корень |
| Russian | Дикий перец |
| Russian | Земляной ладан |
| Russian | Копытник |
| Samogitian | pėpėrlapis |
| Serbo-Croatian | kopitnjak |
| Slovak | kopytník európsky |
| Serbian | Копитњак |
| Serbian | Лесковњача |
| Serbian | Тамњанче |
| Swedish | hasselört |
| Turkish | afşar otu |
| Turkish | meyhaneci otu |
| Turkish | Çobandüdüğü |
| Turkish | avşar otu |
| Ukrainian | Підгорішник |
| Ukrainian | Копитняк європейський |
| Chinese | 歐細辛 |
| Chinese | 欧细辛 |
| Chinese | 欧洲细辛 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Asarum europaeum subsp. italicum | Kukkonen & Uotila | Ann. Bot. Fenn. 14: 139 (1977) |
| Asarum europaeum subsp. europaeum | Unknown |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Begin at 20°C for 6 weeks, cool to 4°C for 6 weeks, then gradually increase to 10°C over 6 weeks. If no germination, the cycle is repeated. |
| Pulpy Coat Inhibits Germination: Seeds with a pulpy or fleshy outer coat need to have this material removed by soaking and rinsing in clean water daily for about a week. The inhibitory substances in the pulp are thus washed away, and germination rates improve. |
| Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate. |
| seedlings must be grown at less than 20° and can overwinter at -20°, prick out while small, seed is viable for at least 6m |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
-
Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
-
Siberia
- Altay
- Krasnoyarsk
- West Siberia
-
Western Asia
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- North European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
-
Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
-
Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Great Britain
- Norway
- Sweden
-
Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Romania
- Yugoslavia
-
Southwestern Europe
- France
-
Eastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000550828 |
| UNII | H0876AL67A |
| Tropicos | 2500011 |
| INPN | 84230 |
| Flora of Italy | 331 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:302682-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-2654312 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 276759 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 882085 |
| Observations.org | 6380 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 49456 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000003718 |
| IPNI | 302682-2 |
| iNaturalist | 128901 |
| iNaturalist | 128898 |
| GBIF | 7313595 |
| Freebase | /m/07_gzj |
| EPPO | ASUEU |
| Elurikkus | 2919 |
| USDA GRIN | 4463 |
| Wikipedia | Asarum_europaeum |
| PFAF | Asarum europaeum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes | |||||
| Methyl isoeugenol | 7128 | Click to see CC=CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC | 178.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1099525 |
| Methyleugenol | 7127 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC=C)OC | 178.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.188802101197 |
| Methylisoeugenol | 637776 | Click to see CC=CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC | 178.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1099525 |
| > Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles | |||||
| 1,2,4-Trimethoxy-5-(1-propenyl)benzene | 17903 | Click to see | 208.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1099525 |
| Asarone | 636822 | Click to see | 208.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(98)00161-7 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1099525 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (+-)-alpha-Pinene | 6654 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.188802101197 |
| alpha-Pinene, (+)- | 82227 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.188802101197 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Aconitic acid | 309 | Click to see C(C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O | 174.11 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-1495 |
| trans-Aconitic acid | 444212 | Click to see | 174.11 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3891/ACTA.CHEM.SCAND.25-1495 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |