Rhizophora stylosa, also known as the spotted mangrove, red mangrove, small stilted mangrove or stilt-root mangrove, is a tree belonging to the Rhizophoraceae family. Its name comes from the Latin word for "stylus form", which refers to the shape of its flowers. This tree can reach heights of up to 15 meters and has a trunk diameter of 25 centimeters. Its bark is dark brown to black and its fruits are ovoid or pear-shaped, measuring up to 4 cm in length. Rhizophora stylosa is native to various regions including Japan, China, Taiwan, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malesia, Australia, and the Pacific. It thrives in sandy beaches and coral terraces along seashores.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Rhizophora mucronata var. stylosa	(Griff.) Schimp.	Bot. Mitt. Tropen 3: 92 1891

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Persian	چندل گلقلمی
Indonesian	bakau kecil
Japanese	ヤエヤマヒルギ
Chinese	厚皮
Chinese	鸡爪榄
Chinese	紅海欖
Chinese	红海兰
Chinese	红海榄

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan
- Eastern Asia
  - Nansei-shoto

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
- Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago
  - New Guinea
  - Solomon Islands

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - Western Australia

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
  - Marianas
- South-central Pacific
  - Society Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - Gilbert Islands
  - New Caledonia
  - Samoa
  - Tonga
  - Tuvalu
  - Vanuatu

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0001131597
Tropicos	27600232
INPN	447469
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719845-1
The Plant List	tro-27600232
PaleoBotany	23147
Open Tree Of Life	1039502
Observations.org	506750
NCBI Taxonomy	98588
IUCN Red List	178850
IPNI	719845-1
iNaturalist	196666
GBIF	3874022
Freebase	/m/011q4bjd
EPPO	RHZST
EOL	2890128
Elurikkus	6803
USDA GRIN	412149
Wikipedia	Rhizophora_stylosa

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

The Genus Cladosporium: A Prospective Producer of Natural Products

Li Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Shi T, Wang B

Int J Mol Sci

29-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10855219
doi:	10.3390/ijms25031652
PMID:	38338931

Cytotoxic Compounds from Marine Fungi: Sources, Structures, and Bioactivity

Gao Y, Wang J, Meesakul P, Zhou J, Liu J, Liu S, Wang C, Cao S

Mar Drugs

28-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10890532
doi:	10.3390/md22020070
PMID:	38393041

Human activity has increasingly affected recent carbon accumulation in Zhanjiang mangrove wetland, South China

Liu T, Bao K, Chen M, Neupane B, Gao C, Zaccone C

iScience

26-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10867414
doi:	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109038
PMID:	38361628

Structured and unstructured intraspecific propagule trait variation across environmental gradients in a widespread mangrove

Yang J, Wu A, Li J, Wei H, Qin J, Tian H, Fan D, Wu W, Chen S, Tong X, Liu X

Ecol Evol

09-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10776304
doi:	10.1002/ece3.10835
PMID:	38205374

The complete mitochondrial genome of the Kandelia obovata Sheue, H.Y.Liu & J.W.H.Yong (Rhizophoraceae)

Xu X, Hou C, Shen Y

Mitochondrial DNA B Resour

21-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10763820
doi:	10.1080/23802359.2023.2294889
PMID:	38173916

Function verification of a chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene through a newly established tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing system in Kandelia obovata

Zhang M, Rao Y, Chen X, Shi Y, Wei C, Wang X, Wang L, Xie C, Pan C, Chen J

Front Plant Sci

03-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10579580
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1245555
PMID:	37854114

Fumigaclavine C ameliorates liver steatosis by attenuating hepatic de novo lipogenesis via modulation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway

Yu W, Gao Y, Zhao Z, Long X, Yi Y, Ai S

BMC Complement Med Ther

16-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10428638
doi:	10.1186/s12906-023-04110-9
PMID:	37587459

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. (Rhizophoraceae)

Zhou Y, She J, Jin C, Zhu X, Xiao F, Zhao J

Mitochondrial DNA B Resour

16-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10435000
doi:	10.1080/23802359.2023.2238935
PMID:	37600503

Cloning and Expression of Class I Chitinase Genes from Four Mangrove Species under Heavy Metal Stress

Zhou YY, Wang YS, Sun CC, Fei J

Plants (Basel)

26-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10421288
doi:	10.3390/plants12152772
PMID:	37570926

Fungal Endophytes: Microfactories of Novel Bioactive Compounds with Therapeutic Interventions; A Comprehensive Review on the Biotechnological Developments in the Field of Fungal Endophytic Biology over the Last Decade

Gupta A, Meshram V, Gupta M, Goyal S, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M, Shukla KK

Biomolecules

25-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10377637
doi:	10.3390/biom13071038
PMID:	37509074

Comparative analysis of flavonoids, polyphenols and volatiles in roots, stems and leaves of five mangroves

Wu Z, Shang X, Liu G, Xie Y

PeerJ

22-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10290835
doi:	10.7717/peerj.15529
PMID:	37366424

Spatio-temporal variation of water salinity in mangroves revealed by continuous monitoring and its relationship to floristic diversity

Wang W, Xin K, Chen Y, Chen Y, Jiang Z, Sheng N, Liao B, Xiong Y

Plant Divers

16-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10851289
doi:	10.1016/j.pld.2023.06.006
PMID:	38343595

Drivers of the spatiotemporal patterns of the mangrove crab metacommunity in a tropical bay

Gu X, Chen G, Lin Y, Wang W, Wang M

Ecol Evol

14-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10266579
doi:	10.1002/ece3.10191
PMID:	37325721

Assessment of fluctuations in wetland ecosystem areas resulting from anthropogenic activities in the Dong Rui commune, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam

Ngo DT, Nguyen HD, Nguyen HC

Heliyon

03-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10361022
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16984
PMID:	37484308

Red Mangrove (Rhizophora stylosa Griff.)—A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Prospects

Kalasuba K, Miranti M, Rahayuningsih SR, Safriansyah W, Syamsuri RR, Farabi K, Oktavia D, Alhasnawi AN, Doni F

Plants (Basel)

01-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10255896
doi:	10.3390/plants12112196
PMID:	37299175

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-2H-pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-8-one	5089888	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C(=CC5=C4C(CC(=O)O5)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)O)O)O)C8=CC(=C(C=C8)O)O)O	740.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
cinchonain IIa	11765545	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C(=CC5=C4C(CC(=O)O5)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)O)O)O)C8=CC(=C(C=C8)O)O)O	740.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Cinchonain IIb	21676385	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C(=CC5=C4C(CC(=O)O5)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)C7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O)O)O)O)C8=CC(=C(C=C8)O)O)O	740.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Endotelon	130556	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
Procyanidin B2, (+)-	122738	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] acetate	638411	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=C(C=C2OC1C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
[(2R,3R)-7-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] acetate	71626319	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=C(C=C2OC1C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C)O	374.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] acetate	10246160	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=C(C=C2OC1C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
[7-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] acetate	85517197	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=C(C=C2OC1C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)OC(=O)C)O	374.30	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
2-(3,4-Bis(acetoxy)phenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triyltriacetate	3363314	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=C(C=C2OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)OC1C3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	500.40	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3,5,7-triol	1203	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O	290.27	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/ https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-2H-pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-8-one	496377	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC3=C2C(CC(=O)O3)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O	452.40	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/ https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Cianidanol	9064	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O	290.27	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/ https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Cinchonain Ia	442675	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC3=C2C(CC(=O)O3)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O	452.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Cinchonain Ib	10456516	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC3=C2C(CC(=O)O3)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O	452.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
Epicatechin	72276	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
Epicatechin pentaacetate	5317058	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=C(C=C2OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)OC1C3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	500.40	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavan-3-ols
2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol	282014	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O	274.27	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
Afzelechin	442154	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O	274.27	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149341/
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
(2R,3S,10S)-2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one	102393600	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CC3=C(C4=C(C=C3O)OC(=O)CC4C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)OC2C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O	598.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one	162922957	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CC3=C(C4=C(C=C3O)OC(=O)CC4C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)OC2C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O	598.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Catechin 3-rhamnoside	21626704	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CC3=C(C=C(C=C3OC2C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	436.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
Glabraoside A	102393599	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CC3=C(C4=C(C=C3O)OC(=O)CC4C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)OC2C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O	598.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Ponapensin	44430502	Click to see COC1CCCN1C(=O)C2C(C3(C(C2(C4=C(O3)C=C(C=C4OC)OC)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)OC)C6=CC=CC=C6	561.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80065

Biological Material Top

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Rhizophora stylosa

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top