Cratoxylum arborescens
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644013fc601b8688495544 |
| Scientific name | Cratoxylum arborescens |
| Authority | (Vahl) Blume |
| First published in | Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 17 (1856) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Sawn timber; veneer; pulp for writing and printing papers; wood-based panels (plywood, particleboard). Pulping typically employs kraft or semi-chemical processes to separate cellulose fibers from lignin.
Industrial and craft applications:
Timber is employed in light construction, indoor joinery, panel products, furniture parts, and general carpentry. Wood can also serve as charcoal for drawing and art, and as fuelwood or charcoal for energy use. Sawdust and residues may be processed into boards or used as industrial fuel.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No documented food or beverage uses for this taxon.
Colorants and tanning:
Leaves and bark of some Cratoxylum species have been used locally as brown dyes for textiles, and the bark has been reported to yield tannins used in leather tanning. Evidence for such use is most solid for other species in the genus; specific application to C. arborescens is less well documented in commercial contexts.
Wood and fiber:
Logs are processed by sawmilling into sawn timber and veneer; chips may be pulped for paper and fiberboard. Properties relevant to timber use include low to moderate density, moderate hardness, straight to interlocked grain, and variable durability; heartwood is generally non-durable to moderately durable and susceptible to fungi and borers.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented uses.
Properties relevant to use:
Cellulose and lignin content enable pulping and paper production; tannins support leather tanning and may aid in phenolic resin formulations; wood density, grain structure, and low durability profile inform end-uses, particularly for interior applications and short-service life products.
Standards and regulation:
For timber and derived products, materials may conform to local grading standards and export requirements of producer and importing countries (e.g., national lumber grading rules and phytosanitary certifications).
Sustainability and sourcing:
Limited commercial data indicate low to moderate standing volumes and occasional local harvesting; sustained supply would benefit from forest management plans, planting of shade-tolerant species in agroforestry, and improved utilization of residues and small-diameter logs.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Vismia arborescens | (Vahl) Choisy | Prodr. Monogr. Hypéric. : 36 (1821) |
| Cratoxylum arborescens var. miquelii | King | J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 59: 146. 1890 |
| Hypericum arborescens | Vahl | Symb. Bot. 2: 86 (1791) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Chinese | 马来黄牛木 |
Varieties (abbr. var.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cratoxylum arborescens var. arborescens | Unknown | |
| Cratoxylum arborescens var. borneense | A.C.Church & P.F.Stevens | Blumea 42: 403 (1997) |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indo-China
- Myanmar
- Thailand
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Jawa
- Malaya
- Sumatera
-
Indo-China
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000625744 |
| Tropicos | 50258260 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:433048-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2742402 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 382596 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 271748 |
| IUCN Red List | 33200 |
| IPNI | 433048-1 |
| iNaturalist | 183980 |
| GBIF | 7330035 |
| Freebase | /m/02w0f2r |
| USDA GRIN | 405647 |
| Wikipedia | Cratoxylum_arborescens |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones | |||||
| 2-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione | 72834895 | Click to see | 390.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| 2-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione | 11406643 | Click to see | 390.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| 3-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone | 333635 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3O)OCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C | 406.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| Geranyloxyemodin | 5785070 | Click to see | 406.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| Physcion | 10639 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| 1-(3-Hydroxyprop-1-en-2-yl)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol | 14108935 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| 2-(9-Hydroxy-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-1-yl)prop-2-enoic acid | 73226257 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| 2-[(1R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bS)-9-hydroxy-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-1-yl]prop-2-enoic acid | 162873514 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1O)C)CCC4C3(CCC5(C4C(CC5)C(=C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Betulinic Acid | 64971 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Epifriedelanol | 119242 | Click to see | 428.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Friedelan-3-one | 244297 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Friedelanol | 348029 | Click to see CC1C(CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C)C)O | 428.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Friedelin | 91472 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Hennadiol | 489919 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxy- | 2371 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-((6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-5,7-dihydroxy- | 5488575 | Click to see | 340.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | 14214024 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)O)O)O | 340.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones | |||||
| 1,3,8-Trihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy-xanthen-9-one | 16077443 | Click to see | 304.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| 1,7-Dihydroxy-2,8-dimethoxy-xanthen-9-one | 16077444 | Click to see | 288.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Euxanthone | 5281631 | Click to see | 228.20 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / 4-prenylated xanthones | |||||
| Cratoxyarborenone E | 5323543 | Click to see | 410.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / 8-prenylated xanthones | |||||
| 3,6-Dimethylmangostin | 231412 | Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)CC=C(C)C)OC)C | 438.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| Cowaxanthone B | 11316212 | Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C2=C(C=C1O)OC3=CC(=C(C(=C3C2=O)CC=C(C)C)OC)OC)O)C | 424.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-837788 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-oxa N-2-YL)oxy-chroman-4-one | 316844 | Click to see | 450.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Astilbin | 119258 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O | 450.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
| Isoastilbin | 9981176 | Click to see | 450.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-951725 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |