Mallotus apelta
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fe25d98e3d103841111 |
| Scientific name | Mallotus apelta |
| Authority | Müll.Arg. |
| First published in | Linnaea 34: 189 (1865) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among the Hani of Yunnan, China, a decoction of the roots of Mallotus apelta is used for dysentery and colic (Fang et al., 2007). Across the border in Vietnam’s Central Highlands, some Dao and Katu groups prepare a leaf infusion to settle diarrhea, and powdered bark is applied topically as a poultice for swollen joints and intestinal cramps associated with dysentery (de Boer et al., 2012). In northern Vietnam’s Ha Giang province, an infusion of the leaves is taken for acute stomach pain and flatulence, and a root decoction is given to children with intestinal complaints (Võ, 2012). In Thailand’s Chiang Mai region, hill tribes prepare a mild leaf infusion to relieve diarrhea and abdominal cramps and use a paste of powdered leaves on insect bites and minor wounds (Kangvanthong et al., 2006).
A simple and widely cited preparation is a mild leaf infusion for adult diarrhea and stomach upset. Use 8–10 g of dried leaves per 500 mL of water; bring to a gentle boil, then cover and steep 10–15 minutes. Take one cup 2–3 times daily for up to 3–4 days (Fang et al., 2007). An alternative cold maceration uses the same ratio, infusing the leaves in just-boiled water for 20–30 minutes to obtain a gentler tea (de Boer et al., 2012). Those with liver disease or on hepatotoxic drugs should avoid internal use, and pregnant or nursing people should not use it without professional guidance (Xiao et al., 2010). For topical use, a moist paste of powdered leaves can be applied to bites or small inflamed areas for 10–15 minutes and rinsed away, noting that direct application to broken skin may irritate (Kangvanthong et al., 2006).
Well-documented constituents in Mallotus species, including M. apelta, include hydrolysable gallotannins and ellagitannins (e.g., chebulagic acid) that bind to protein and mucus and provide astringent, anti-inflammatory effects; phenolic acids such as gallic and chlorogenic acids; and flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol derivatives. These phytochemicals plausibly underlie the astringent and antidiarrheal actions reported in traditional practice (Kumar and Singh, 2010; Bhatt et al., 2012). While such compounds are common in the genus, specific profiles can vary with chemotype and locality.
Modern relevance is modest but ongoing: the species remains in regional trade in Yunnan as a local remedy for gastrointestinal complaints and topical inflammation, with limited commercialization as dried leaf teas and powdered bark preparations. Recent pharmacological work continues to explore its anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal potential in vitro, but human clinical data are still lacking.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!There is no documented, verifiable non-medicinal or scientific use for Mallotus apelta in the referenced literature surveyed. No commercial, industrial, craft, or culinary applications are reported, and the species is not cited as a model organism or in established technical standards.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Mallotus apelta var. chinensis | (Geiseler) Pax & K.Hoffm. | Pflanzenr. IV, 147, VII: 171. 1914 |
| Mallotus apelta var. kwangsiensis | F.P.Metcalf | J. Arnold Arbor. 22: 204. 1941 |
| Mallotus apelta var. tenuifolius | (Pax) Pax | Pflanzenr. IV, 147, VII: 171. 1914 |
| Mallotus castanopsis | F.P.Metcalf | Lingnan Sci. J. 10: 487 (1931) |
| Mallotus paxii | Pamp. | Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. , n.s., 17: 414 (1910) |
| Mallotus paxii var. castanopsis | (F.P.Metcalf) S.M.Hwang | Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23: 298 (1985) |
| Ricinus apelta | Lour. | Fl. Cochinch. : 585 (1790) |
| Rottlera cantoniensis | Spreng. | Syst. Veg. 3: 878 (1826) |
| Rottlera chinensis | A.Juss. | Euphorb. Gen. : 33 (1824) |
| Croton chinensis | Geiseler | Croton. Monogr. : 24 (1807) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Chinese | 白背叶 |
| Chinese | 白背叶根 |
| Chinese | 白背葉 |
| Chinese | 一种维管植物 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indo-China
- Vietnam
-
Indo-China
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000234436 |
| Tropicos | 12805262 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:351482-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-118798 |
| PaleoBotany | 103186 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 158213 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 463319 |
| IUCN Red List | 146517769 |
| IPNI | 351482-1 |
| iNaturalist | 372136 |
| GBIF | 5378775 |
| EOL | 1154893 |
| USDA GRIN | 80012 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Coumarinolignans | |||||
| (2S,3S)-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 133561782 | Click to see | 402.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00160-4 |
| Aquillochin | 14282064 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00160-4 |
| CID 335652 | 335652 | Click to see | 386.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00160-4 |
| Cleomiscosin A | 442510 | Click to see | 386.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00160-4 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan glycosides | |||||
| 2-[[7-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | 14521042 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(C(C(CC2=C1)CO)COC3C(C(C(CO3)O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)O | 492.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-9886-4 |
| Schizandriside | 14521043 | Click to see | 492.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-9886-4 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Abscisic acids and derivatives | |||||
| (2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-[(1S,2S,3R,5R,7R,8S)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]penta-2,4-dienoic acid | 163187230 | Click to see CC(=CC(=O)O)C=CC1(C2(CC(C(C1(C(O2)OC)C)O)O)C)O | 328.36 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-9886-4 |
| 3-methyl-5-[(1S,2S,3R,5R,7R,8S)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]penta-2,4-dienoic acid | 162868945 | Click to see | 328.36 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-9886-4 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids | |||||
| (4aR,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol | 137705053 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| (4aR,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-one | 392170 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(=O)CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)(C)C)C)C)C | 424.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| 3-Acetylaleuritolic Acid | 161616 | Click to see | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| Acetylaleuritolic acid | 429885 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2CCC4(C3=CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)C | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| Taraxerone | 92785 | Click to see | 424.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aS,13bS)-1-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-2-yl)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol | 137705460 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| (4aS,6aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bS)-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-hexadecahydropicen-3-ol | 137795506 | Click to see | 428.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| [(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] acetate | 14010964 | Click to see | 484.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| [8a-(Hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] acetate | 14010963 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2CC=C4C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)CO)C)C)C | 484.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| Epifriedelanol | 119242 | Click to see | 428.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| Friedelin | 91472 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| Friedelinol | 101341 | Click to see CC1C(CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C)C)O | 428.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975113 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside | 296119 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Alkyl aryl ethers | |||||
| Methyl 3-methyl-1-oxidopyridin-4-yl ether | 817250 | Click to see | 139.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00395-1 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans | |||||
| (2R,8S)-8-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-5-hydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromene-4,7-dione | 162890487 | Click to see | 358.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| (2S,8R)-8-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-5-hydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromene-4,7-dione | 636985 | Click to see | 412.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| 8-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromene-4,7-dione | 78385111 | Click to see CC1CC(=O)C2=C(O1)C(C(=O)C(=C2O)C)(C)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C | 358.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| 8-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5-hydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromene-4,7-dione | 78200714 | Click to see CC1CC(=O)C2=C(O1)C(C(=O)C(=C2O)CC=C(C)C)(C)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C | 412.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Chromones | |||||
| (2R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 162885817 | Click to see | 276.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 163058660 | Click to see CC1CC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C(=C2O1)CC=C(C)C)O)C)O | 276.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 162905281 | Click to see | 222.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| 2,3-Dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 5316705 | Click to see | 276.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| 5-Hydroxy-7-methoxychromone | 21853367 | Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=O)C=COC2=C1)O | 192.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 5316707 | Click to see | 222.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 5316706 | Click to see | 276.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00512-4 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / 3-pyridinecarbonitriles | |||||
| 4-Methoxy-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-3-carbonitrile | 45079694 | Click to see COC1=C(C=[N+](C=C1)[O-])C#N | 150.13 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-9886-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00395-1 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| Scopoletin | 5280460 | Click to see | 192.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| (Z)-3-[(2S,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-8-methyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]prop-2-enoic acid | 163189541 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| 3-[3,7-dihydroxy-8-methyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]prop-2-enoic acid | 75218875 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-010-9512-X |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins | |||||
| 2,3,8-Tri-O-methylellagic acid | 5281860 | Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4OC)O)C(=O)O2)OC | 344.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00395-1 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |