Croton megalocarpus
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644036d19a95f396947530 |
| Scientific name | Croton megalocarpus |
| Authority | Hutch. |
| First published in | Fl. Trop. Afr. 6(1): 760 (1912) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Seed oil is extracted from the nuts and processed into biodiesel (FAME). Industrial quantities are documented in East Africa. Seed cake is produced as a residual meal; it is documented as a soil ameliorant/compost input where smallholders are engaged in seed collection.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Seed oil is the primary industrial product; it is converted to biodiesel and used for on-farm machinery and power generation. Soap-making uses the oil where unsaponifiable components are accounted for in formulation. Reports of oil being used in varnishes are present in grey literature but are not widely supported by peer-reviewed sources.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
- No verified edible uses for the oil, kernels, or derived ingredients are reported.
Colorants and tanning:
- No verified dye, ink, or tannin products are documented for this taxon.
Wood and fiber:
- Timber is used for general construction, furniture, and flooring; the wood is moderately hard and durable. Bark fibers are not documented in industrial sources; timber is the main ligneous product.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- No fragrance/essential oil, aromatic extracts, or cosmetic applications are documented.
Properties relevant to use:
- Seed oil is a triacylglycerol-rich, non-drying oil characterized by low to moderate iodine value (approximately 120–130 g I2/100 g), saponification value near 190–200 mg KOH/g, and high linoleic and oleic acid content. Oil yields of around 35–45% are reported. These characteristics are consistent with biodiesel transesterification and industrial soapstocks.
Standards and regulation:
- Biodiesel from this feedstock is treated as conventional biodiesel for regulatory compliance, meeting established specifications such as ASTM D6751 (U.S.), EN 14214 (EU), and applicable national standards for diesel fuels.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Seeds are wild-harvested from semi-arid woodlands; cultivated plantings remain limited. Seed collection provides cash income for smallholders. Regeneration occurs by natural seed fall; stands require protection from excessive harvesting to maintain local supply and biodiversity. Supply is seasonal, with nuts maturing in the dry season.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Croton elliotianus | Pax | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 289 (1903) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Japanese | クロトン・メガロカルパス |
| Swahili | msenefu |
| Chinese | 大果巴豆 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Somalia
-
South Tropical Africa
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Rwanda
- Zaïre
-
East Tropical Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000931666 |
| Tropicos | 12806129 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:342969-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-50526 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 3913620 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1704625 |
| IUCN Red List | 62003321 |
| IPNI | 342969-1 |
| iNaturalist | 133588 |
| GBIF | 3059962 |
| EOL | 1146905 |
| USDA GRIN | 12418 |
| Wikipedia | Croton_megalocarpus |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Colensane and clerodane diterpenoids | |||||
| Epoxy-chiromodine | 6712084 | Click to see | 360.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| methyl (1aR,3aR,4R,5R,7aR,7bS)-4-[2-(furan-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,7a,7b-trimethyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1aH-naphtho[1,2-b]oxirene-5-carboxylate | 90662082 | Click to see CC12CCC(C(C1CCC3C2(O3)C)(C)CC(=O)C4=COC=C4)C(=O)OC | 360.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| methyl (1R,2R,4aR,5R,6R,8aR)-1-[2-(furan-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5,6-dihydroxy-1,4a,5-trimethyl-3,4,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-2-carboxylate | 101630470 | Click to see | 378.50 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80393-S |
| methyl 1-[2-(furan-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5,6-dihydroxy-1,4a,5-trimethyl-3,4,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-2-carboxylate | 14396800 | Click to see | 378.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| methyl 4-[2-(furan-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,7a,7b-trimethyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1aH-naphtho[1,2-b]oxirene-5-carboxylate | 4270838 | Click to see CC12CCC(C(C1CCC3C2(O3)C)(C)CC(=O)C4=COC=C4)C(=O)OC | 360.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids | |||||
| (4aR,6aS,6bS,8aS,10S,12aS,14aS,14bS)-10-acetyloxy-2,2,6b,9,9,12a,14a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 641666 | Click to see | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| [(3S,4aR,6aR,6aS,8aS,14bR)-8a-acetyloxy-4,4,6a,6a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] acetate | 163004531 | Click to see | 512.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| 3-Acetylaleuritolic Acid | 161616 | Click to see | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Acetylaleuritolic acid | 429885 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2CCC4(C3=CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)C | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-Hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl) 3-oxobutanoate | 163071794 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)OC(=O)CC(=O)C)C)C | 510.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| [(1R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl] 3-oxobutanoate | 101630471 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)OC(=O)CC(=O)C)C)C | 510.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Betulin | 72326 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)CO | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)- | 521518 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| Lup-20(29)-ene-3beta,28-diol | 221023 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| Lupeol | 259846 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98083-X |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| Sucrose | 5988 | Click to see | 342.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Heteroaromatic compounds | |||||
| 3-Methylfuran | 13587 | Click to see CC1=COC=C1 | 82.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00460-9 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives | |||||
| 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, octacosyl ester, (E)-; Erythrinasinate B | 20981236 | Click to see | 586.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Hexacosyl (E)-ferulate | 5318033 | Click to see | 558.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Hexacosyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 20980932 | Click to see | 558.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Octacosyl ferulate | 5743442 | Click to see | 586.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Tetracosyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 54412038 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)OC | 530.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| Tetracosyl ferulate | 14238617 | Click to see | 530.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| Ferulic Acid | 445858 | Click to see | 194.18 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80362-I |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |