Calophyllum polyanthum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64400eef3d977868512805 |
| Scientific name | Calophyllum polyanthum |
| Authority | Wall. ex Planch. & Triana |
| First published in | Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 12(2): 423. 1849 |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Calophyllum polyanthum yields a non‑drying seed kernel oil (sometimes termed taman or ball‑nut oil) used industrially as a varnish and paint oil, and in soap making. The tree also provides construction and general‑purpose timber marketed locally as “surpun” or “taman.”
Industrial and craft applications:
Kernel oil is employed in varnishes, enamels, and protective coatings; it functions as a drying aid or blending component. The oil’s saponifiable fraction supports soap manufacturing, and the seed cake has potential as an industrial oil cake. Heartwood and mature timber are worked into beams, planking, furniture, and general carpentry where weather exposure is limited.
Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
There is no verified culinary or beverage use; edible use is not supported by reliable references.
Colorants and tanning:
Tannins and gums in the bark/resin may be used for general tanning, but these applications are not clearly documented for this species in the literature surveyed.
Wood and fiber:
The wood is used for building components, furniture, and carpentry. It is typically sawn into planks and occasionally supplied as sleepers; sapwood is susceptible to dry‑wood borers.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
The kernel oil’s saponifiable nature is suitable for soap making; cosmetic use is otherwise not clearly reported.
Properties relevant to use:
The seed kernel oil is non‑drying to semi‑drying with a readily saponifiable fraction, supporting varnish/soap applications. The heartwood is hard, often of reddish coloration, while sapwood is paler and prone to insect attack.
Standards and regulation:
Timber supplies are typically classified and graded under national rules such as Indian Standard (IS) specifications for general construction wood; plant name and provenance are documented in accepted taxonomic databases such as Kew’s Plants of the World Online.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Local exploitation of larger trees reduces availability of high‑quality timber. While the species is widely distributed, matured heartwood suitable for construction is limited; harvesting pressure may impact resource sustainability in certain regions.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Calophyllum elatum | Bedd. | Rep. Conservator Forests 1863-1864: 31 (1864) |
| Calophyllum smilesianum | Craib | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 85 (1924) |
| Calophyllum smilesianum var. luteum | Craib | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 86 1924 |
| Calophyllum williamsianum | Craib | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 86 (1924) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Bengali | কামদেব (উদ্ভিদ) |
| Bengali | কামদেব |
| Kannada | ಕೂವೆ ಮರ |
| Malayalam | പുന്നപ്പൈൻ |
| Chinese | 滇南红厚壳 |
| Chinese | 云南胡桐 |
| Chinese | 滇南紅厚殻 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
- India
-
Indo-China
- Cambodia
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000581286 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:427265-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2693442 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 3915311 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1679397 |
| IPNI | 427265-1 |
| iNaturalist | 569103 |
| GBIF | 5556276 |
| USDA GRIN | 411480 |
| Wikipedia | Calophyllum_polyanthum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.484806 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives | |||||
| 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid | 78016 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1O)C(=O)O)O | 184.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / M-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
| 3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic Acid | 14332 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(=O)O)OC | 182.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / P-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
| 4-Methoxysalicylic Acid | 75231 | Click to see | 168.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| Isovanillic Acid | 12575 | Click to see | 168.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.484806 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | 64945 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)- | 220774 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside | 296119 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans | |||||
| (3R)-3-[(2S,3R)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,3-dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]hexanoic acid | 163002112 | Click to see | 390.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| 3-[5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,3-dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]hexanoic acid | 163002111 | Click to see | 390.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Chromones | |||||
| (3R)-3-[(2R,3S)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,3-dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]hexanoic acid | 163188275 | Click to see | 404.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| 3-[5-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,3-dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]hexanoic acid | 75576402 | Click to see | 404.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Pyranochromenes | |||||
| (3R)-3-[(2R,3R)-5-hydroxy-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-6-yl]octanoic acid | 162889244 | Click to see CCCCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C3C(=C1O)C(=O)C(C(O3)C)C)C=CC(O2)(C)C | 416.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| (3R)-3-[(2R,3S)-5-hydroxy-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-6-yl]octanoic acid | 162889243 | Click to see CCCCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C3C(=C1O)C(=O)C(C(O3)C)C)C=CC(O2)(C)C | 416.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| (3R)-3-[(7R,8R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 162850349 | Click to see | 422.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| (3R)-3-[(7R,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid | 23250748 | Click to see | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| (3R)-3-[(7R,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]octanoic acid | 163030896 | Click to see | 416.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| (3S)-3-[(2S,3R)-5-hydroxy-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid | 162881125 | Click to see CCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=CC(OC2=C1C3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C(C(O3)C)C)(C)C | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| (3S)-3-[(7S,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid | 51414569 | Click to see | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| 3-(5-Hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl)-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 12302861 | Click to see | 422.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| 3-(5-Hydroxy-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-10-yl)hexanoic acid | 162881124 | Click to see | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| 3-(5-Hydroxy-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-6-yl)octanoic acid | 75576401 | Click to see CCCCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C3C(=C1O)C(=O)C(C(O3)C)C)C=CC(O2)(C)C | 416.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| CID 12300170 | 12300170 | Click to see CCCCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C(C3=C1OC(C(C3=O)C)C)O)C=CC(O2)(C)C | 416.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| Isoapetalic acid | 341189 | Click to see | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| methyl (3S)-3-[(7S,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoate | 162921532 | Click to see CCCC(CC(=O)OC)C1=C2C(=C(C3=C1OC(C(C3=O)C)C)O)C=CC(O2)(C)C | 402.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| Methyl 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl)hexanoate | 73802883 | Click to see | 402.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201000066 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones | |||||
| Orobol | 5281801 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)O)O | 286.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Neoflavonoids / Neoflavones | |||||
| 6,7-Dihydroxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one | 162920871 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.484806 |
| 7-Hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethoxychromen-2-one | 46856032 | Click to see | 314.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.484806 |
| 7-Hydroxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one | 5350173 | Click to see | 268.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.484806 |
| 7-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one | 46856033 | Click to see | 328.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.484806 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Neoflavonoids / Prenylated neoflavonoids | |||||
| (2R,3R,10R)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-phenyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione | 162978900 | Click to see CC1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C(=C(C3=C2C(CC(=O)O3)C4=CC=CC=C4)CC=C(C)C)O)C | 406.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| (2R,3S,10R)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-phenyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione | 162978901 | Click to see | 406.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
| 5-Hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-phenyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione | 72747944 | Click to see CC1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C(=C(C3=C2C(CC(=O)O3)C4=CC=CC=C4)CC=C(C)C)O)C | 406.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0499158 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |