Gloriosa superba

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Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents
Details Top
Internal ID | UUID6440267e3cbe4007017903 |
Scientific name | Gloriosa superba |
Authority | L. |
First published in | Sp. Pl. : 305 (1753) |
Description Top
Suggest a correction or write a new one!
Gloriosa superba, also known as flame lily, is a species of flowering plant in the Colchicaceae family. It is a herbaceous perennial that grows from a fleshy rhizome and can reach up to 4 meters in length. The showy flower has six bright red to orange tepals and long stamens with yellow pollen. Every part of the plant is poisonous due to high levels of colchicine and gloriocine. However, it has been used in traditional medicine for various ailments. It is also used as an arrow poison and snake repellent in some cultures. Gloriosa superba is the national flower of Zimbabwe and the state flower of Tamil Nadu in India. It is cultivated for medicinal use, but wild populations are declining due to overharvesting. It has also become an invasive species in some areas outside of its native range.
Synonyms Top
Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
---|---|---|
Methonica doniana | Kunth | Enum. Pl. 4: 277 (1843) |
Methonica gloriosa | Salisb. | Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 331 (1812) |
Methonica platyphylla | Klotzsch ex Garcke | Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 6(Bot., 2): 520, t. 55. 1864 |
Methonica superba | Crantz | Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 474 (1766) |
Methonica grandiflora | Hook. | Bot. Mag. 86: t. 5216. 1860 |
Methonica petersiana | Klotzsch ex Garcke | Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 6(Bot., 2): 519, t. 55. 1864 |
Methonica plantii | hort. ex Planch. | Fl. des Serres ix. (1853-54) I. 865. |
Eugone superba | Salisb. | Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 238 (1796) |
Gloriosa angulata | Schumach. | Beskr. Guin. Pl. : 171 (1827) |
Gloriosa cirrhifolia | Stokes | Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 237 (1812) |
Gloriosa doniana | Schult.f. | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7: 366 (1829) |
Gloriosa graminifolia var. heterophylla | Chiov. | Res. Sci. Somalia Ital. 1: 176. 1916 |
Gloriosa nepalensis | G.Don | Hort. Brit. : 131 (1830) |
Gloriosa rockefelleriana | Stehlé & M.Stehlé | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 111: 284 (1965) |
Gloriosa rothschildiana | O'Brien | Gard. Chron. , ser. 3, 33: 322 (1903) |
Gloriosa sampiana | P.Lima | Brotéria. Sér. Bot. 1921, xix. 1 12. |
Gloriosa superba var. angustifolia | Baker | J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 458. 1879 |
Gloriosa verschuurii | Hoog | J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 75: 22 (1950) |
Gloriosa virescens | Lindl. | Bot. Mag. 52: t. 2539. 1825 |
Gloriosa virescens var. grandiflora | (Hook.) Baker | J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 458. 1879 |
Gloriosa superba f. doniana | (Schult. & Schult.f.) T.Durand & Schinz | Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 417 1894 |
Gloriosa virescens var. plantii | (Planch.) T.Durand & Schinz | Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 417 1894 |
Gloriosa virescens var. leopoldii | (Van Houtte ex Lem.) T.Durand & Schinz | Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 417. 1894 |
Gloriosa virescens var. petersiana | (Klotzsch ex Garcke) T.Durand & Schinz | Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 417 1894 |
Gloriosa virescens var. platyphylla | (Klotzsch) T.Durand & Schinz | Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 417. 1894 |
Gloriosa superba f. grandiflora | (Hook.) Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 316 1898 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!Language | Common/alternative name |
---|---|
English | climbing lily |
English | glory lily |
English | tiger claw |
English | flame lily |
Spanish | clinostylis speciosa |
Spanish | lirio de fuego |
Spanish | bandera española |
Spanish | methonica virescens |
Spanish | methonica leopoldii |
Spanish | methonica abyssinic |
Afrikaans | vuurlelie |
Afrikaans | vlamlelie |
Afrikaans | rooiboslelie |
Afrikaans | geelboslelie |
Arabic | باهرة هندية |
Bulgarian | разкошна глориоза |
Bulgarian | огнена лилия |
Bengali | বিষলাঙ্গুলী |
Bengali | উলট চন্ডাল |
Bengali | অগ্নিশিখা |
Bengali | অগ্নিজিহ্বা |
Bengali | স্বর্ণপুষ্পা |
Czech | glorióza vznešená |
Czech | krasoda červená |
German | ruhmesblume |
dv | ވިހަ ލަގޮނޑި |
Persian | گلوریوسا سوپربا |
Finnish | keijunlilja |
Hindi | कलिहारी |
Indonesian | kembang sungsang |
jv | kembang sungsang |
Kannada | ಅಗ್ನಿಶಿಖಾ |
mad | manḍhâlika |
Malayalam | പറയൻ ചെടി |
Malayalam | മേന്തോന്നി |
Malayalam | കിത്തോന്നി |
Malay | kembang songsang |
Malay | kembang sungsang |
Dutch | klimlelie |
Dutch | prachtlelie |
Oriya | ଲହଲାଙ୍ଗଳୀ |
Punjabi | ਕਲਿਹਾਰੀ |
Polish | glorioza wspaniała |
Polish | pysznokwiat wspaniały |
Russian | глориоза роскошная |
Sinhala | නියඟලා |
Slovak | glorióza pyšná |
Slovenian | razkošna lilija |
su | katongkat |
Swedish | klänglilja |
Tamil | கோடல் |
tcy | ಗೌರಿ ಪೂ |
Telugu | అడవి నాభి |
Telugu | అడవినాభి |
Thai | ดองดึง |
Tonga | lile veʻemoa |
Vietnamese | ngọt nghẹo |
Vietnamese | gia lan |
Vietnamese | huệ lồng đèn |
Vietnamese | ngót nghẻo |
Chinese | 嘉蘭 |
Chinese | 百骑大栗树 |
Chinese | 嘉兰 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate. |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Chad
- Ethiopia
- Sudan
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
-
Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Cape Provinces
- Caprivi Strip
- Northern Provinces
-
West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Burkina
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Ivory Coast
- Liberia
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Cabinda
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Equatorial Guinea
- Gabon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Rwanda
- Zaïre
-
Western Indian Ocean
- Madagascar
- Réunion
- Seychelles
-
East Tropical Africa
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
- India
- Laccadive Islands
- Maldives
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
- West Himalaya
-
Indo-China
- Andaman Islands
- Cambodia
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Jawa
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Malaya
- Sulawesi
- Sumatera
-
Papuasia
- Solomon Islands
-
Indian Subcontinent
-
Australasia click to expand
-
Australia
- New South Wales
- Norfolk Island
- Queensland
-
Australia
-
Northern America click to expand
-
Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
-
Southeastern U.S.A.
-
Pacific click to expand
-
South-central Pacific
- Cook Islands
- Line Islands
- Society Islands
-
Southwestern Pacific
- Fiji
- Gilbert Islands
- Nauru
- Santa Cruz Island
- Tokelau-manihiki
- Vanuatu
-
South-central Pacific
-
Southern America click to expand
-
Caribbean
- Trinidad-Tobago
- Windward Islands
-
Northern South America
- Suriname
-
Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!Database | ID/link to page |
---|---|
World Flora Online | wfo-0000769245 |
UNII | T342QM6PDM |
Florida Plant Atlas | 1499 |
USDA Plants | GLSU2 |
Tropicos | 18400626 |
INPN | 447836 |
KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:535953-1 |
The Plant List | kew-307988 |
Open Tree Of Life | 82472 |
NCBI Taxonomy | 41220 |
Nature Serve | 2.150876 |
IUCN Red List | 44393073 |
IPNI | 535953-1 |
iNaturalist | 141177 |
GBIF | 2740024 |
Freebase | /m/0vpwh8y |
EPPO | GLOSI |
EOL | 1088879 |
USDA GRIN | 17663 |
Wikipedia | Gloriosa_superba |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Homoaporphines | |||||
(10R)-4,5,16-trimethoxy-11-methyl-11-azatetracyclo[8.7.1.02,7.014,18]octadeca-1(18),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene-3,17-diol | 14413740 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CCC4=CC(=C(C(=C43)O)OC)OC)O)OC | 371.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
(6aS)-4,5,6,6a,7,8-Hexahydro-2,11,12-trimethoxy-6-methylbenzo[6,7]cyclohept[1,2,3-ij]isoquinoline-1,10-diol | 1794529 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CCC4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC)OC)O)O)OC | 371.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
4,5,16-Trimethoxy-11-methyl-11-azatetracyclo[8.7.1.02,7.014,18]octadeca-1(18),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene-3,17-diol | 11810804 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CCC4=CC(=C(C(=C43)O)OC)OC)O)OC | 371.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
Floramultine | 4837166 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CCC4=CC(=C(C(=C43)OC)OC)O)O)OC | 371.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Lumicolchicine alkaloids | |||||
beta-Lumicolchicine | 244898 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=C1C4C3C=C(C4=O)OC)OC)OC)OC | 399.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479262108995125 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
gamma-Lumicolchicine | 110937 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=C1C4C3C=C(C4=O)OC)OC)OC)OC | 399.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-[(12S,16R)-3,4,5,14-tetramethoxy-13-oxo-10-tetracyclo[9.5.0.02,7.012,16]hexadeca-1(11),2,4,6,14-pentaenyl]acetamide | 91872501 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=C1C4C3C=C(C4=O)OC)OC)OC)OC | 399.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / O-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
2-Hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoic acid | 591524 | Click to see COC1=CC=CC(=C1C(=O)O)O | 168.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9150700835 |
> Hydrocarbon derivatives / Tropones | |||||
2-Demethylcolchicine | 23757 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)O)OC | 385.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479262108995125 |
2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxy-1,3,10-trimethoxy-9-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide | 162943202 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)O)OC)NC(=O)CO | 401.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
2-hydroxy-N-(3-hydroxy-1,2,10-trimethoxy-9-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide | 162938291 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)OC)O)NC(=O)CO | 401.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
2-hydroxy-N-[(6R,7R)-6-hydroxy-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl]acetamide | 101448418 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(C(CC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)OC)OC)O)NC(=O)CO | 431.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2007.11.061 |
2-hydroxy-N-[(7S)-2-hydroxy-1,3,10-trimethoxy-9-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl]acetamide | 15088173 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)O)OC)NC(=O)CO | 401.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
2-hydroxy-N-[(7S)-3-hydroxy-1,2,10-trimethoxy-9-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl]acetamide | 162938292 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)OC)O)NC(=O)CO | 401.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
3-Desmethylcolchicine | 299664 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)OC)O | 385.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50097A025 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
Colchiceinamid | 18397 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)N)OC)OC)OC | 384.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
Colchicine | 6167 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)OC)OC | 399.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(11)81317-9 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50097A025 https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479262108995125 |
N-(1,2,3,10-Tetramethoxy-9-oxo-5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide | 2833 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)OC)OC | 399.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-(10-Amino-1,2,3-trimethoxy-9-oxo-5,6,7,9-tetrahydro-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)-acetamide | 633425 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)N)OC)OC)OC | 384.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-[(6R,7R)-6-hydroxy-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl]formamide | 101448419 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(C(CC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)OC)OC)O)NC=O | 401.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2007.11.061 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids | |||||
Palmitic Acid | 985 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O | 256.42 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9150700835 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-5-Ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 12314479 | Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9150700835 |
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 122544 | Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9150700835 |
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alanine and derivatives | |||||
Alanine | 5950 | Click to see CC(C(=O)O)N | 89.09 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(86)90092-X |
D-alanine | 71080 | Click to see CC(C(=O)O)N | 89.09 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(86)90092-X |
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Phenylalanine and derivatives | |||||
D-phenylalanine | 71567 | Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CC(C(=O)O)N | 165.19 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(86)90092-X |
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides | |||||
CID 24721008 | 24721008 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 547.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
Colchicoside | 92763 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 547.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-[1,2,10-trimethoxy-9-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-7-yl]acetamide | 233866 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)OC)OC)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 547.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses | |||||
D(+)-Glucose | 107526 | Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9150700835 |
L-Galactose | 24749 | Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9150700835 |
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles | |||||
2-hydroxy-N-[(9S)-5,13,19-trimethoxy-6-oxo-15,17-dioxatetracyclo[10.7.0.02,8.014,18]nonadeca-1(12),2,4,7,13,18-hexaen-9-yl]acetamide | 24795806 | Click to see COC1=CC=C2C(=CC1=O)C(CCC3=C2C(=C4C(=C3OC)OCO4)OC)NC(=O)CO | 429.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2007.11.061 |
Cornigerine | 100188 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC3=C(C(=C2C4=CC=C(C(=O)C=C14)OC)OC)OCO3 | 383.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-(5-hydroxy-14-methoxy-6-oxo-16,18-dioxatetracyclo[10.7.0.02,8.015,19]nonadeca-1(19),2,4,7,12,14-hexaen-9-yl)acetamide | 12303960 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C3C(=C2C4=CC=C(C(=O)C=C14)O)OCO3)OC | 369.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-[(9S)-5-hydroxy-14-methoxy-6-oxo-16,18-dioxatetracyclo[10.7.0.02,8.015,19]nonadeca-1(19),2,4,7,12,14-hexaen-9-yl]acetamide | 12303961 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=CC(=C3C(=C2C4=CC=C(C(=O)C=C14)O)OCO3)OC | 369.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
N-[(9S)-5,13,19-trimethoxy-6-oxo-15,17-dioxatetracyclo[10.7.0.02,8.014,18]nonadeca-1(12),2,4,7,13,18-hexaen-9-yl]acetamide | 24796075 | Click to see CC(=O)NC1CCC2=C(C3=CC=C(C(=O)C=C13)OC)C(=C4C(=C2OC)OCO4)OC | 413.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2007.11.061 |
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Pyridoindoles / Gamma carbolines | |||||
Njyjkdxlwubpow-uhfffaoysa- | 50936832 | Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C3=C(N2)C=CN=C3C4=CC=C(O4)CO | 264.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1135/CCCC19841536 |
Collections Top
In private collections | 0 |
In public collections | 0 |