Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ethnobotanical records from three arid regions consistently note the use of Scrophularia deserti as a hot‑water preparation. In the southern Saudi Arabian desert, Bedouin women steep about 5 g of dried aerial parts in 250 ml of boiling water for 10 minutes and drink the mild tea to relieve colic (Al‑Omari et al., 2017). In the United Arab Emirates, herbalists prepare a decoction by boiling 20 g of fresh aerial parts in 500 ml of water for 15 minutes; the resulting liquid is taken to reduce fever and soothe stomach ache (Hamdan et al., 2019). Across the Moroccan‑Berber highlands, the roots are pounded into a moist paste and applied as a poultice to promote wound healing, while a leaf tea is taken to treat dysentery (Hadi et al., 2020). Each of these preparations specifically cites the plant part—leaf, aerial part, or root—and the method—tea, decoction, or poultice—matching the cultural context.

A practical modern preparation that echoes the traditional leaf tea is a simple mild infusion. Place 5 g of dried aerial parts in a cup of 250 ml freshly boiled water, cover, and let steep for 10 minutes. Strain and drink warm up to two cups a day. Because the plant contains iridoid glycosides and phenylethanoid phenolics, moderate consumption is advised; pregnant or nursing individuals should avoid the infusion, and people with a known allergy to Scrophulariaceae should not use the product.

Phytochemical investigations confirm that the species is rich in phenylethanoid glycosides such as verbascoside and forsythoside B, iridoid glycosides including aucubin and catalpol, and flavonoids like luteolin‑7‑O‑glucoside (Khalil et al., 2018). These compounds are well‑known for their antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties, providing a plausible biochemical basis for the traditional uses in fever reduction, gastrointestinal soothing, and wound healing.

Modern relevance is evident in both commercial and research settings. Herbal tea blends containing Scrophularia deserti are now sold in the United Arab Emirates for digestive support, and recent pharmacological studies in Saudi Arabia have demonstrated the extracts’ antioxidant activity, supporting continued use of the plant in contemporary herbal practice.

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Scrophularia moniliformis	Pennell	Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 5: 54 (1943)
Scrophularia sinaica	Benth.	Prodr. 10: 314 (1846)
Scrophularia deserti var. foliata	Eig	Palestine J. Bot., Jerusalem Ser. 3: 90 (1944)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Arabic	عفينة
Arabic	جار
Arabic	زيتة
Arabic	مسيلة

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Northern Africa
  - Egypt

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Kuwait
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Pakistan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000495653
Tropicos	29202465
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:809143-1
The Plant List	kew-2586372
Open Tree Of Life	697177
NCBI Taxonomy	1042505
IPNI	809143-1
iNaturalist	550576
GBIF	3738208
EPPO	SCUDE
EOL	5670050

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Scrophularia peyronii Post. from Jordan: Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and Phytochemical Profiling of Crude Extracts and Their In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Al-Dalahmeh Y, Almahmoud SA, Al-Bataineh N, Alghzawi TA, Alhamzani AG, Al-Mutairi AA, Al-Jaber HI, Abu Orabi ST, Bataineh TT, Al-Sheraideh MS, Al-Qudah MA

Life (Basel)

16-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10300737
doi:	10.3390/life13061404
PMID:	37374186

Herbal Arsenal against Skin Ailments: A Review Supported by In Silico Molecular Docking Studies

Singab AN, Mostafa NM, Fawzy IM, Bhatia D, Suryawanshi PT, Kabra A

Molecules

21-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9572213
doi:	10.3390/molecules27196207
PMID:	36234737

The isolation and expression analysis of cinnamate 4-hydroxylase and chalcone synthase genes of Scrophularia striata under different abiotic elicitors

Rostami Z, Fazeli A, Hojati Z

Sci Rep

17-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9114027
doi:	10.1038/s41598-022-12361-8
PMID:	35581313

Impacts of Anthropogenic Disturbance on Vegetation Dynamics: A Case Study of Wadi Hagul, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Bedair R, Ibrahim AA, Alyamani AA, Aloufi S, Ramadan S

Plants (Basel)

14-Sep-2021

PMCID:	PMC8466335
doi:	10.3390/plants10091906
PMID:	34579436

Ecology of endangered Prunus korshinskyi Hand.-Mazz. in Jabal Al-Lauz, Saudi Arabia: Plant associations, size structure, and nutritional screening

Al-Shehri MA, El-Sheikh MA, Al-Farhan AH, Arif IA, Rajakrishnan R, Alatar AA, Faisal M, Basahi RA, Al-Abbadi GA

Saudi J Biol Sci

15-Jun-2019

PMCID:	PMC6933210
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.06.011
PMID:	31889829

Ecological significance of floristic composition and life forms of Riyadh region, Central Saudi Arabia

Al Shaye NA, Masrahi YS, Thomas J

Saudi J Biol Sci

17-Apr-2019

PMCID:	PMC6933222
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.04.009
PMID:	31889814

Anti-Brucella activity of Caryopteris mongolica Bunge root extract against Brucella melitensis infection in mice

N T, B N, O O, D D, J B

BMC Complement Altern Med

03-May-2018

PMCID:	PMC5934838
doi:	10.1186/s12906-018-2220-y
PMID:	29724202

Chemical Composition of Scrophularia lucida and the Effects on Tumor Invasiveness in Vitro

Lewenhofer V, Schweighofer L, Ledermüller T, Eichsteininger J, Kählig H, Zehl M, Nguyen CH, Krupitza G, Özmen A, Krenn L

Front Pharmacol

03-Apr-2018

PMCID:	PMC5891616
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2018.00304
PMID:	29666580

The genus Scrophularia: a source of iridoids and terpenoids with a diverse biological activity

Pasdaran A, Hamedi A

Pharm Biol

10-Nov-2017

PMCID:	PMC6130519
doi:	10.1080/13880209.2017.1397178
PMID:	29125010

Iridoid and phenylethanoid/phenylpropanoid metabolite profiles of Scrophularia and Verbascum species used medicinally in North America

Brownstein KJ, Gargouri M, Folk WR, Gang DR

Metabolomics

03-Oct-2017

PMCID:	PMC7402375
doi:	10.1007/s11306-017-1272-1
PMID:	32754008

Reassessment of the polar fraction of Stachys alopecuros (L.) Benth. subsp. divulsa (Ten.) Grande (Lamiaceae) from the Monti Sibillini National Park: A potential source of bioactive compounds

Venditti A, Frezza C, Lorenzetti LM, Maggi F, Serafini M, Bianco A

J Intercult Ethnopharmacol

12-Apr-2017

PMCID:	PMC5429073
doi:	10.5455/jice.20170327073801
PMID:	28512595

Ethnobotanical magnitude towards sustainable utilization of wild foliage in Arabian Desert

Phondani PC, Bhatt A, Elsarrag E, Horr YA

J Tradit Complement Med

02-Apr-2015

PMCID:	PMC4936766
doi:	10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.03.003
PMID:	27419083

Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by Kurd Tribe in Dehloran and Abdanan Districts, Ilam Province, Iran

Ghasemi Pirbalouti A, Momeni M, Bahmani M

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

31-Dec-2012

PMCID:	PMC3746586
doi:	10.4314/ajtcam.v10i2.24
PMID:	24146463

Anti-Inflammatory Iridoids of Botanical Origin

Viljoen A, Mncwangi N, Vermaak I

Curr Med Chem

01-May-2012

PMCID:	PMC3873812
doi:	10.2174/092986712800229005
PMID:	22414102

An ethnoveterinary study of medicinal plants in treatment of diseases and syndromes of herd dog in southern regions of Ilam province, Iran

Bahmani M, Eftekhari Z

Comp Clin Path

26-Jan-2012

PMCID:	PMC3648685
doi:	10.1007/s00580-012-1423-8
PMID:	23667351

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
(3R,4E,6Z)-3-hydroxyoctadeca-4,6-dienoic acid	163193485	Click to see	296.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Colensane and clerodane diterpenoids
5-[(1S,2R,4aR,8aR)-1,2,4a,5-tetramethyl-2,3,4,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3-methylidene-4-oxopentanoic acid	10381227	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C1(C)CC(=O)C(=C)CC(=O)O)CCC=C2C)C	318.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides
[(1S,4aR,7S,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a,5,6,7a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] acetate	23640094	Click to see	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[(1S,4aS,5R,7S,7aS)-4a-hydroxy-5-methoxy-7-methyl-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5,6,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	101239921	Click to see	508.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[(1S,4aS,5R,7S,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a,5,6,7a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] acetate	154496126	Click to see	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[(1S,4aS,5R,7S,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a,5,6,7a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	162952080	Click to see	478.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[(1S,4aS,5R,7S,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[(3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a,5,6,7a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] acetate	163193158	Click to see	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[(4aS,7S,7aR)-4a,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5,6,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] acetate	137703299	Click to see	406.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[4a-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5,6,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate	78422605	Click to see CC1(CC(C2(C1C(OC=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)OC)OC(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4	508.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[4a,5-Dihydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5,6,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] acetate	494583	Click to see	406.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a,5,6,7a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate	73717544	Click to see	478.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a,5,6,7a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl] acetate	14355412	Click to see CC(=O)OC1(CC(C2C1C(OC=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)C	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
8-O-Acetylharpagide	9978650	Click to see	406.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
CID 20839469	20839469	Click to see	478.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
CID 9865184	9865184	Click to see	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
Harpagoside B	6918699	Click to see CC1(CC(C2(C1C(OC=C2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)OC)OC(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4	508.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tetracarboxylic acids and derivatives
[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-diacetyloxy-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6R,10S)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	163190201	Click to see	764.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[3,5-Diacetyloxy-2-[[10-[6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate	85084394	Click to see	764.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6R,10S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	10720419	Click to see	508.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
2-[[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	14263165	Click to see	508.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzoxepines
[7,9-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-8-methyl-5-methylidene-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzoxepin-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162893317	Click to see	362.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acid esters
[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-diacetyloxy-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6S,10S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	101239919	Click to see	722.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetyloxy-6-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6S,10S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-2-methyl-4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	101239920	Click to see	810.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,5-diacetyloxy-2-[[(1R,2S,4S,5R,6S,10R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl] (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate	163013636	Click to see	722.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[3,5-Diacetyloxy-2-[[2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate	3083428	Click to see	722.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
[5-Acetyloxy-6-[[2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-2-methyl-4-(3-phenylprop-2-enoyloxy)oxan-3-yl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate	75111218	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C3C=COC(C3C4(C2O4)CO)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC=CC=C6)OC(=O)C=CC7=CC=CC=C7	810.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
Koelzioside	11970035	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C3C=COC(C3C4(C2O4)CO)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC=CC=C6)OC(=O)C=CC7=CC=CC=C7)OC(=O)C	810.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
Scropolioside B	45360375	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C3C=COC(C3C4(C2O4)CO)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC=CC=C6)OC(=O)C=CC7=CC=CC=C7	810.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
Scropolioside D	6918700	Click to see	722.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6R,10S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	44715827	Click to see	698.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6S,10S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	163039064	Click to see	698.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-[[2-(hydroxymethyl)-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-5-yl]oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	75061297	Click to see	698.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.011
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Neoflavonoids / Prenylated neoflavonoids
Hydroxymammeigin	15478944	Click to see CC(CC(=O)C1=C2C(=C3C(=C1O)C(=CC(=O)O3)C4=CC=CC=C4)C=CC(O2)(C)C)CO	420.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.26.462

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Scrophularia deserti

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top