Ophiorrhiza japonica
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fe541517e6844504118 |
| Scientific name | Ophiorrhiza japonica |
| Authority | Blume |
| First published in | Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 978 (1826) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Non-fermented (green, white) and fermented (black, oolong, pu’er) leaf teas are marketed as beverages in bulk, bag, and loose-leaf forms. Tea-based food flavors, iced beverages, and extract or concentrate products for the beverage industry are common. Instant or soluble teas, powdered or agglomerated, are produced for retail and foodservice.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Tea serves as a flavoring in confectionery, baked goods, dairy and plant-based analogs, and savory sauces. Caffeine and catechins contribute to bitterness and color; fermentation produces theaflavins and thearubigins characteristic of black and dark teas. In cooked foods, it is used as a colorant or smoke-flavoring (e.g., “tea-smoked” dishes) without health claims.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
Tea essential oil and absolute from leaves or buds are used in fine and functional fragrance. Green tea extract, comprising catechins and caffeine, is employed in perfumery and cosmetics as a fragrance component and sensory modifier (caffeine is used for its bitterness). Compounds from tea (e.g., caffeine, catechins) are used in flavor and fragrance databases.
Colorants and tanning:
Catechins in green teas impart brown hues to water-based colorants. While tea contains tannins, it is not a conventional leather tanning material; use is primarily as a light brown dye in craft or dyeing contexts.
Properties relevant to use:
Caffeine content provides bitterness and sensory impact in beverages and fragrance. Green tea catechins yield pale brown pigments and greenish hues; black tea fermentation produces darker theaflavins and thearubigins. Plant polyphenols are established as reducing agents, giving color and astringency relevant to dyeing and formulation stability.
Standards and regulation:
Beverage products and flavors follow national food standards (e.g., ISO 22000, ISO/TS 22002-1 for catering; EU food law for contaminants; US FDA Title 21 CFR for food and GRAS status of flavors). Cosmetic use is governed by regional frameworks (EU Cosmetic Regulation; US CFR 21) and fragrance materials may be managed under IFRA standards. TEA (INCI: Tea) as a cosmetic ingredient is listed in international inventories (e.g., INCI, EU Cosmetic Ingredient Database).
Sustainability and sourcing:
Leaves are harvested multiple times per year, with yields and quality linked to cultivar, elevation, and processing. Shade-grown teas may reduce yield but improve quality. Manufacturing involves wet withering and mechanical operations; wastewaters are treated per local industrial regulations (ISO 14001). The species is widely cultivated; field and processing sustainability varies by region and certification programs (e.g., ethical trade initiatives).
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Ophiorrhiza acutiloba | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 86 (1912) |
| Ophiorrhiza cavaleriei | H.Lév. | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 177 (1914) |
| Ophiorrhiza dimorphantha | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 86 (1912) |
| Ophiorrhiza dimorphantha f. brevistigma | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 87 1912 |
| Ophiorrhiza dimorphantha f. longistigma | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 87 1912 |
| Ophiorrhiza eryei | Champ. | Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 170. 1852 (1852) |
| Ophiorrhiza japonica var. acutiloba | (Hayata) Ohwi | Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 195. 1938 |
| Ophiorrhiza japonica var. minor | E.H.L.Krause | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 489. 1922 |
| Ophiorrhiza japonica var. tashiroi | (Maxim.) Ohwi | Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 195. 1938 |
| Ophiorrhiza labordei | H.Lév. | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 177 (1914) |
| Ophiorrhiza monticola | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 89 (1912) |
| Ophiorrhiza monticola f. brevistigma | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 89 1912 |
| Ophiorrhiza monticola f. longistigma | Hayata | Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 90 1912 |
| Ophiorrhiza nigricans | H.S.Lo | Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(2): 53 (1990) |
| Ophiorrhiza tashiroi | Maxim. | Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg , sér. 3, 32: 489 (1888) |
| Ophiorrhiza japonica f. plena | T.Yamaz. | J. Jap. Bot. 79: 269 (2004) |
| Ophiorrhiza japonica var. amamiana | Hatus. | Rep. Co-op. Invest. Ryukyu Isls. Kagoshima Univ. and Ryukyu Univ. 1: 61 (1961) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| nan | choâ-kin-chhaú |
| nan | choâ-kin-chháu |
| Chinese | 蛇根草 |
| Chinese | 变黑蛇根草 |
| Chinese | 散血草 |
| Chinese | 日本蛇根草 |
| Chinese | 日本蛇根草（蛇根草） |
| Chinese | 猪菜 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Nansei-shoto
- Taiwan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indo-China
- Vietnam
-
Indo-China
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000257052 |
| Tropicos | 50058517 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:758479-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-140419 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 394405 |
| Observations.org | 360892 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 367363 |
| IPNI | 758479-1 |
| iNaturalist | 603383 |
| GBIF | 5340994 |
| EPPO | OPHJA |
| EOL | 1102627 |
| Elurikkus | 521101 |
| USDA GRIN | 25793 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_051401725.1 | GZNU_OpJapo_1.0 | Chromosome | Guizhou Normal University | 2025-07-18 | 50.07 | 524.34 Mb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Harmala alkaloids | |||||
| Harman | 5281404 | Click to see CC1=NC=CC2=C1NC3=CC=CC=C23 | 182.22 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.87.9_1153 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)95021-4 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides | |||||
| (2S,3R,4S)-3-ethenyl-4-[(6-hydroxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methyl]-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid | 163188336 | Click to see C=CC1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)O)CC3=NC=CC4=C3NC5=C4C=C(C=C5)O | 528.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.34.3064 |
| 3-ethenyl-4-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-ylmethyl)-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid | 23757137 | Click to see C=CC1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)O)CC3=NC=CC4=C3NC5=CC=CC=C45 | 512.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.34.3064 |
| Carboline metabolite (C26H28N2O10) | 139292061 | Click to see C=CC1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)O)CC3=NC=CC4=C3NC5=C4C=C(C=C5)O | 528.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.34.3064 |
| Lyalosidic acid | 10391678 | Click to see | 512.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.34.3064 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Friedelan-3-one | 244297 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.87.9_1153 |
| Friedelin | 91472 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.87.9_1153 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (3S,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 11870456 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1947.87.9_1153 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (-)-Sweroside | 161036 | Click to see | 358.34 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)87030-4 |
| (3S,4R,4aS)-4-ethenyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one | 354447 | Click to see | 358.34 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)87030-4 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Pyridoindoles / Beta carbolines | |||||
| 17-Ethenyl-18-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-19-oxa-2,12-diazapentacyclo[14.3.1.02,14.05,13.06,11]icosa-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexaene-20-carboxylic acid | 163192292 | Click to see | 512.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)95021-4 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |