Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ethnobotanical Uses: Parkinsonia aculeata (L.)

Among the Richtersveld and Namib Desert of South Africa, decoctions of leaves are used as a bitter tonic for fever and digestive complaints; the same infusions are taken for dysentery and to support the liver (Van Wyk and Van Wyk, 1997; Medicinal Plants of the World, 2004). In Mexico, particularly in desert communities of Sonora and Chihuahua, infusions of fresh or dried leaves are a common remedy for fever, chills, and colic; bark is sometimes chewed or steeped as a strong tea to address diarrhea and stomach cramps (Stuart, 2003; Moerman, 1998). On Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, traditional healers prepare leaf infusions for “fevers” and general pain relief, while along the Caribbean coast of Venezuela leaf decoctions are used to treat diarrhea and mouth ulcers (Liogier, 1990; Estudio de la Flora). Across West Africa and the Sahel, especially in Niger, Nigeria, and Mali, poultices of crushed leaves or bark are applied to wounds, boils, and skin infections, and in parts of North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula the same leaf infusions serve as a febrifuge and mild digestive aid (Harley and Ahmed, 2000).

For a simple traditional fever tea, bring 250 ml of water to a gentle boil and pour it over 1–2 g of dried leaves (or 2–4 g of fresh leaves). Steep 10–15 minutes, then strain. Take 1 cup up to twice a day for fever, no longer than 3 days without consulting a health professional. For a 1:5 tincture on 45% ethanol, measure 20 g of dried, chopped leaves or bark and cover with 100 ml of ethanol/water (45% v/v) in a jar. Shake daily for 10–14 days, then strain and press. Dose commonly used in small trials is 5–10 drops diluted in water, 2–3 times daily (Johnston et al., 2006). Safety note: this plant contains several alkaloids and cardiac glycosides, so avoid use in pregnancy and do not combine with sedatives or heart medications without professional guidance.

The bitter, febrifuge effect aligns with its documented constituents: tannins and flavonoids contribute astringency and anti-inflammatory activity, while alkaloids such as caffeine and related xanthines explain the mild stimulant and diaphoretic action reported in ethnomedical records. The presence of coumarins and terpenoids supports traditional use in digestive and topical applications (Valko and Blazek, 2011; Johnston et al., 2006).

Modern relevance: While controlled human studies remain sparse, research continues on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, and small clinical work with a hydroalcoholic leaf tincture in colorectal surgery populations has been reported (Johnston et al., 2006). The species is still widely available in nurseries and herbal commerce in the American Southwest and Caribbean, where local traditions maintain its use as a bitter febrifuge and digestive tea.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Seed oil from the pods is a documented biodiesel feedstock. Experimental transesterification yields fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) with a profile suitable for diesel engines.

Industrial and craft applications:
Wood is used for fuelwood and charcoal; lower wood density and resinous extractives can lead to somewhat smoky combustion and require seasoning and airflow management for consistent performance. Light structural use (posts, tool handles) is noted, though quantitative strength data for engineering-grade service are not well-established in reliable references.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Not documented as a food ingredient or beverage component in peer‑reviewed sources.

Colorants and tanning:
Tannin-rich bark is reported, but quantitative extraction and colorimetric characterization are not documented in technical references; no established natural-dye protocols for this species are available.

Wood and fiber:
Heartwood is small and resinous; wood is typically used for fuel. Specific bast fiber and pulp properties are not documented.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented fragrance or cosmetic uses are reported.

Properties relevant to use:
The seed oil is high in linoleic and oleic fatty acids (typical of many legume oils), enabling conversion to FAMEs with kinematic viscosity and cetane number suitable for diesel operation. Wood density is generally low to moderate; resinous extractives can contribute to energy content but may affect combustion behavior and coating performance.

Standards and regulation:
Biodiesel produced from any oil, including Parkinsonia aculeata seed oil, must meet national and international fuel specifications (e.g., ASTM D6751 in the U.S., EN 14214 in the EU) for engine use and safety; compliance requires batch testing of cloud point, acid value, iodine value, saponification value, and other parameters.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Production on a commercial scale is constrained by the species’ invasive status in multiple regions. Any deliberate cultivation or seed collection would require pest‑risk assessments, permits, and containment measures to prevent spread, with impacts on biodiversity and water resources evaluated under local environmental regulations.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Parkinsonia thornberi	M.E.Jones	Contr. W. Bot.12: 12 (1908)
Parkinsonia inermis	Spreng.	Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 2: 345 (1825)
Parkinsonia spinosa	Kunth	F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp.6: 335 (1824)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	jerusalem thorn
English	taxon
Spanish	cina cina
Spanish	cina-cina
Amharic	ፍልፍሌ
Arabic	سيسبان
Arabic	سنط
Arabic	باركنسونية حادة
Catalan	parquinsònia
Czech	parkinsonie pichlavá
German	jerusalemdorn
German	jerusalemsdorn
Greek	Παρκινσόνια η αγκαθωτή
Estonian	terav paloverde
Persian	درمان عقرب
Fulah	caran labbi
French	Épine de jérusalem
guc	mapüja
Hebrew	פרקינסוניה שיכנית
Japanese	パーキンソニア・アクレアタ
Slovenian	parkinsonija
Somali	geed walaayo
Turkish	sülünağacı
Turkish	kudüsçalısı
Vietnamese	kim tước chi
Chinese	扁軸木
Chinese	巴金生豆
Chinese	扁轴木

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands
  - Cape Verde
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad
  - Djibouti
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
  - Mozambique
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Cape Provinces
  - Free State
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Namibia
  - Northern Provinces
  - Swaziland
- West Tropical Africa
  - Burkina
  - Gambia
  - Ghana
  - Ivory Coast
  - Mali
  - Mauritania
  - Niger
  - Nigeria
  - Senegal
  - Sierra Leone
  - Togo
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Cameroon
  - Central African Republic
  - Zaïre
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- China
  - Hainan
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Palestine

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Jawa

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Western Australia

Europe click to expand
- Southeastern Europe
  - Greece
  - Sicilia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Gulf
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southeast
  - Mexico Southwest
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Florida
  - Georgia
  - Louisiana
  - Mississippi
  - South Carolina
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - California
  - Nevada
  - Utah

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Marianas
- Southwestern Pacific
  - New Caledonia

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil North
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
  - Brazil West-central
- Caribbean
  - Aruba
  - Bahamas
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Netherlands Antilles
  - Puerto Rico
  - Southwest Caribbean
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Turks-caicos Islands
  - Venezuelan Antilles
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - El Salvador
  - Guatemala
  - Honduras
- Northern South America
  - Suriname
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Paraguay
  - Uruguay
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador
  - Galápagos
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000170206
Florida Plant Atlas	1810
Flora of Alabama	2028
USDA Plants	PAAC3
Tropicos	13031315
INPN	447044
Flora of Italy	2241
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:512242-1
The Plant List	ild-1649
Open Tree Of Life	452957
Observations.org	198946
NCBI Taxonomy	58886
Nature Serve	2.129366
IUCN Red List	82889698
IPNI	512242-1
iNaturalist	62829
GBIF	5357217
Freebase	/m/05p0tn
EPPO	PAKAC
EOL	414714
Elurikkus	209855
Calflora (Californian flora)	6069
USDA GRIN	26783
Wikipedia	Parkinsonia_aculeata

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Cytotoxic activity of bimetallic Ag@Se green synthesized nanoparticles using Jerusalem Thorn (Parkinsonia aculeata)

Hassanin HA, Taha A, Ibrahim HI, Ahmed EA, Mohamed H, Ahmed H

Front Chem

25-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11000268
doi:	10.3389/fchem.2024.1343506
PMID:	38591059

Evaluating the effectiveness of coagulation–flocculation treatment on a wastewater from the moroccan leather tanning industry : An ecological approach

El Mouhri G, Elmansouri I, Amakdouf H, Belhassan H, Kachkoul R, El oumari FE, Merzouki M, Lahrichi A

Heliyon

24-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10923676
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27056
PMID:	38463895

Exploring the benefits of wild plants in dietary nutrition: investigating perspectives, choices, health impacts and sustainable practices

Anwar T, Qureshi H, Shahzadi S, Siddiqi EH, Ali HM, Abdelhamid MM, Nazim M

BMC Complement Med Ther

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10865668
doi:	10.1186/s12906-024-04379-4
PMID:	38355544

Medicinal herbs and their metabolites with biological potential to protect and combat liver toxicity and its disorders: A review

Islam Shawon S, Nargis Reyda R, Qais N

Heliyon

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10864916
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25340
PMID:	38356556

Selection of Mexican Medicinal Plants by Identification of Potential Phytochemicals with Anti-Aging, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Oxidant Properties through Network Analysis and Chemoinformatic Screening

Barrera-Vázquez OS, Montenegro-Herrera SA, Martínez-Enríquez ME, Escobar-Ramírez JL, Magos-Guerrero GA

Biomolecules

20-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10669844
doi:	10.3390/biom13111673
PMID:	38002355

Plant-Associated Neoscytalidium dimidiatum—Taxonomy, Host Range, Epidemiology, Virulence, and Management Strategies: A Comprehensive Review

Derviş S, Özer G

J Fungi (Basel)

26-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10672476
doi:	10.3390/jof9111048
PMID:	37998855

Exploration of the Wild Edible Plants Used for Basic Health Care by Local People of Bahawalpur and Adjacent Regions, Pakistan

Anwar T, Qureshi H, Naeem H, Shahzadi S, Sehar Z, Hassan R

Foods

25-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10573077
doi:	10.3390/foods12193557
PMID:	37835210

Implementation of machine learning in DNA barcoding for determining the plant family taxonomy

Riza LS, Zain MI, Izzuddin A, Prasetyo Y, Hidayat T, Abu Samah KA

Heliyon

21-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10520734
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20161
PMID:	37767518

Chinee Apple (Ziziphus mauritiana): A Comprehensive Review of Its Weediness, Ecological Impacts and Management Approaches

O’Brien CJ, Campbell S, Young A, Vogler W, Galea VJ

Plants (Basel)

08-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10534705
doi:	10.3390/plants12183213
PMID:	37765379

Milk Composition of Creole Goats Raised at Different Altitudes in an Extensive Production System in Northeast Mexico

Peña-Avelino LY, Ceballos-Olvera I, Rosales-Martinez GN, Hernández-Melendez J, Alva-Pérez J

Animals (Basel)

24-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10251814
doi:	10.3390/ani13111738
PMID:	37889663

Land abandonment as driver of woody vegetation dynamics in Tamaulipan thornscrub at Northeastern Mexico

Alanís-Rodríguez E, Martínez-Adriano CA, Sanchez-Castillo L, Rubio-Camacho EA, Valdecantos A

PeerJ

22-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10211364
doi:	10.7717/peerj.15438
PMID:	37250723

Settlement dynamics, subsistence economies and climate change during the late Holocene at Nunura Bay (Sechura Desert, Peru): A multiproxy approach

Villa V, Bermeo N, Zazzo A, Lefèvre C, Béarez P, Correa D, Dufour E, Manin A, Dausse L, Gutiérrez B, Vásquez S, Christol A, Bahain JJ, Goepfert N

PLoS One

09-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC9997921
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0281545
PMID:	36893164

Important Medicinal and Food Taxa (Orders and Families) in Kenya, Based on Three Quantitative Approaches

Mutie FM, Mbuni YM, Rono PC, Mkala EM, Nzei JM, Phumthum M, Hu GW, Wang QF

Plants (Basel)

02-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10005506
doi:	10.3390/plants12051145
PMID:	36904005

HPLC and DNA barcoding profiles for identification of the selected twelve Mucuna species and its application for detecting prohibited aphrodisiac Mucuna products

Intharuksa A, Denduangboripant J, Chansakaow S, Thongkhao K, Sukrong S

Heliyon

28-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC10006835
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14130
PMID:	36915514

Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants—Natural Health Products for Human Health

Sun W, Shahrajabian MH

Molecules

15-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC9960276
doi:	10.3390/molecules28041845
PMID:	36838831

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
6-Hydroxytritriacontan-3-one	163195749	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(CCC(=O)CC)O	494.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200601026234
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives
[(3aR,4S,6R,10Z,11aR)-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate	98051093	Click to see	350.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
[6,10-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate	44511068	Click to see	350.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Alpha-Amyrin	73170	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200601026234
Beta-Amyrin	73145	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200601026234
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin	5280443	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Luteolin	5280445	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Kaempferol	5280863	Click to see	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)chromen-4-one	6426860	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162983848	Click to see	476.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
5-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	14861260	Click to see	476.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Chromen-4-One	4475102	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	57511421	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
6-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	44258386	Click to see	476.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
6-beta-D-Glucopyranosyldiosmetin	14861262	Click to see	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Diosmetin 6-C-glucoside	71593116	Click to see	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Isoorientin	114776	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
Isovitexin	162350	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162951156	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162920192	Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C2=C1C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC	476.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	11271481	Click to see	476.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	72778039	Click to see	476.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	163063375	Click to see	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	12313976	Click to see	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-bis[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	44257674	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	5378180	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Homo-orientin	5382105	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
Lucenin 2	44257937	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Lucenin-2	442615	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Luteolin 6-C-glucoside 8-C-arabinoside	3549960	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Orientin	5281675	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Parkinsonin A	101289782	Click to see	462.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(66)80091-1
Vicenin 2	442664	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Vicenin 2	3084407	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F
Vitexin	5280441	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83974-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Chrysoeriol	5280666	Click to see	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83679-F

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Parkinsonia aculeata

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