Cassia roxburghii
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fd5aea79ac716806025 |
| Scientific name | Cassia roxburghii |
| Authority | DC. |
| First published in | Prodr.2: 489 (1825) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Gum/resin: Cassia roxburghii yields a water-soluble gum (polysaccharide, mannose–galactose backbone). It is used as a binder, thickener, sizing agent, and stabilizer in non-food industrial systems, notably adhesives, coatings, paper and board sizing, and as a suspending agent in technical emulsions. High molecular weight and cold-water solubility enable use at low concentrations; viscosity is stable in mild acid–alkali ranges and thermoreversible.
Wood and fiber:
Timber: The species produces a hardwood used for general construction, furniture, joinery, tool handles, and agricultural implements. Wood density and durability are adequate for non-structural applications. The material is workable and saws cleanly, making it suitable for turning and carving.
Colorants and tanning:
Leather and dyes: The bark contains condensed tannins suitable for leather tanning, and the wood provides natural brown–red colorants used on protein fibers (silk/wool) and leather. Mordanting is required for colorfastness; dye classes are anthraquinone/biflavonoid-based depending on source material. The use is primarily aesthetic rather than a preservative tannage in commercial systems.
Industrial and craft applications:
Adhesives/coatings: Gum functions as an adhesive extender and rheology control agent in paste adhesives and in primer/undercoat systems for paper and wood. It improves open time and film integrity when combined with synthetic or natural binders. Paper/pulp: Gum is used as a sizing and coating thickener to improve surface strength and ink holdout in board/packaging grades. Inks and dispersions: It stabilizes pigment suspensions in technical inks and dye baths.
Properties relevant to use:
Gum: Water-soluble polysaccharide; high intrinsic viscosity; film-forming; compatible with starch, casein, and synthetic lattices; stable across pH 5–9; forms reversible gels under certain ionic conditions. Wood: Adequate density and strength for light structural and joinery use; good dimensional stability when seasoned. Tannins: Condensed tannins; dye components include anthraquinones/biflavonoids suitable for mordanted protein-fiber dyeing.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Gum is harvested as a non-timber forest product from tapping or wound exudation; sustainable tapping avoids ring barking and allows tree survival. Wood harvesting can be paired with reforestation/agroforestry plantings; certified community harvesting is feasible where local forestry regulations permit managed extraction from planted or naturally regenerated stands.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cathartocarpus roxburghii | (DC.) G.Don | J.C.Loudon, Hort. Brit.: 167 (1830) |
| Cassia marginata | Roxb. | Fl. Ind. 2: 338 (1824) |
| Cathartocarpus marginatus | G.Don | Gen. Hist. 2: 453 (1832) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | roxburgh's cassia |
| Assamese | ৰেৱতী ফুল |
| Chinese | 红花腊肠 |
| Chinese | 红花腊肠树 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Uganda
-
West Tropical Africa
- Sierra Leone
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East Tropical Africa
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Bangladesh
- India
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
-
Malesia
- Jawa
- Malaya
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Indian Subcontinent
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Southern America click to expand
-
Caribbean
- Trinidad-Tobago
-
Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000164654 |
| USDA Plants | CARO33 |
| Tropicos | 13028389 |
| INPN | 447037 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485162-1 |
| The Plant List | ild-1108 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 640201 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 948717 |
| IPNI | 485162-1 |
| iNaturalist | 428120 |
| GBIF | 5357138 |
| Freebase | /m/013dbzm4 |
| EPPO | CASRX |
| EOL | 418338 |
| USDA GRIN | 100030 |
| Wikipedia | Cassia_roxburghii |
| CMAUP | NPO4776 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Corynanthean-type alkaloids | |||||
| Roxburghine | 324225 | Click to see CC12C3CN4CCC5=C(C4CC3C(=CN1CCC6=C2NC7=CC=CC=C67)C(=O)OC)NC8=CC=CC=C58 | 492.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1984-1020 |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones | |||||
| 1-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyanthracene-9,10-dione | 162907857 | Click to see | 622.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81443-0 |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones | |||||
| (1R,2R)-1,3,8-trihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione | 163036781 | Click to see | 272.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80691-3 |
| 1,3,8-Trihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione | 149814611 | Click to see CC1C(C2=C(C=C1O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=CC=C3)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80691-3 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Phthalic acid and derivatives / P-phthalic acid and derivatives | |||||
| Terephthalic acid | 7489 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)C(=O)O | 166.13 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1984-1020 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols / Long-chain fatty alcohols | |||||
| Stearyl Alcohol | 8221 | Click to see | 270.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-971241 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Acyclic diterpenoids | |||||
| Phytol | 5280435 | Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C | 296.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids / 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| Spathulenol, (-)- | 13854255 | Click to see | 220.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| Germacrene D | 5317570 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101660736 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C(C5(CC4O)C)(CCC7C6(CC(C(C7(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)O)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)O)O | 1371.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101660737 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C(C5(CC4O)C)(CCC7C6(CC(C(C7(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)O)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)O)O | 1371.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-5,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101660735 | Click to see | 1209.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Friedelin | 91472 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Friedelinol | 101341 | Click to see CC1C(CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C)C)O | 428.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80691-3 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-971241 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80691-3 |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80691-3 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-971241 |
| Stigmasterol | 5280794 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Stigmasterol Glucoside | 6602508 | Click to see | 574.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavan-3-ols | |||||
| (-)-Epiafzelechin | 443639 | Click to see | 274.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1984-1020 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 8-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| 5-Demethylnobiletin | 358832 | Click to see | 388.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Coumestans | |||||
| 1,3-Dihydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one | 11602329 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C3=C(O2)C4=C(C=C(C=C4OC3=O)O)O)OC | 328.27 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-971241 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNB-1984-1020 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |