Cyclamen purpurascens

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644014c4dd9e2830878191
Scientific name Cyclamen purpurascens
Authority Mill.
First published in Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 2 (1768)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

Write a new one!
No ethnobotanical data added yet. Help us by writing one.

General Uses Top

Suggest a correction!

Common products:
Cyclamen purpurascens is cultivated as an ornamental perennial for shade gardens, rockeries, and containers, valued for its fragrant flowers and variegated foliage. Cut flowers are occasionally used in floral displays. Tuberous propagation material (offsets) is traded in the horticultural trade.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No non-medicinal food or beverage uses are documented. All plant parts are toxic due to saponins and must be inedible.

Wood and fiber:
No commercial timber, fiber, or related applications are reported.

Colorants and tanning:
No use as a colorant or tanning agent is documented.

Industrial and craft applications:
No industrial or craft uses beyond horticulture are documented.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No use in fragrance or cosmetics is documented.

Properties relevant to use:
Ornamental value derives from ornamental features such as flower morphology, scent, and foliage pattern. Toxicity limits non-ornamental applications.

Standards and regulation:
No specific industry standards or regulatory frameworks are established for this species. Horticultural trade follows general guidelines for phytosanitary certification and invasive species management.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Propagation is primarily through offsets cultivated in nurseries, reducing wild-collection pressure. Overharvesting from natural habitats is a conservation concern due to its slow growth and limited distribution in parts of Europe.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Cyclamen aestivum Rchb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. : 407 (1831)
Cyclamen breviflorum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 18 (1903)
Cyclamen clusii Lindl. Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1013 (1827)
Cyclamen cordifolium Stokes Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 295 (1812)
Cyclamen cyclophyllum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 18 (1903)
Cyclamen deltoideum Tausch Flora 12: 667 (1829)
Cyclamen europaeum var. immaculatum Hrabětová Ceskoslov. Bot. Listy 3: 35. 1950
Cyclamen floridum Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 119 (1796)
Cyclamen hastatum Tausch Flora 12: 668 (1829)
Cyclamen holochlorum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 19 (1903)
Cyclamen lilacinum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 19 (1903)
Cyclamen littorale Sadler ex Rchb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. : 406 (1831)
Cyclamen officinale Wender. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. i. 458.
Cyclamen purpurascens f. album Grey-Wilson Cyclamen Guide Gard., Hort. & Botanists [ C. Grey-Wilson] 174. 1997
Cyclamen purpurascens f. carmineolineatum Hendrikx Saussurea 31: 102 (2000 publ. 2001)
Cyclamen retroflexum Moench Suppl. Meth. : 177 (1802)
Cyclamen rotundifolium St Lager Étude Fl. , éd. 8, 2: 573 (1889)
Cyclamen umbratile Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 18 (1903)
Cyclamen variegatum Pohl Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 192 (1809)
Cyclaminus europaea Asch. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 10: 235 (1892)
Cyclaminus europaeus Scop. Fl. Carniol. , ed. 2, 1: 135 (1771)

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Language Common/alternative name
Spanish ciclamen de europa
Arabic عرطنيثيا
Arabic بخور مريم/بقلامس/ ركفة/اليربع
Czech brambořík nachový
German wildes alpenveilchen
German europäisches alpenveilchen
Finnish alppisyklaami
French marron de cochon
fy alpenfioeltsje
Croatian divlja ciklama
Croatian europska ciklama
Upper Sorbian dźiwja alpska fijałka
Hungarian erdei ciklámen
Italian ciclamino delle alpi
Japanese シクラメン・プルプラセンス
Dutch alpenviooltje
Polish cyklamen europejski
Polish cyklamen purpurowy
Serbo-Croatian divlja ciklama
Slovak cyklámen purpurový
Slovenian navadna ciklama
Slovenian kokorik
Tamil சீமை மீன்கொல்லி
Chinese 欧洲仙客来

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
Name Authority First published in
Cyclamen purpurascens subsp. immaculatum (Hrabětová) Halda & Soják Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 6: 322 (1971)
Cyclamen purpurascens subsp. purpurascens Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!
Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.
Requires Darkness: These seeds need to be covered with soil or otherwise kept in the dark to germinate properly. Light inhibits their germination process.
Requires Soaking: These seeds need to be soaked in warm water until they swell, which can take 24-48 hours. Seeds that float are usually not viable and should be discarded, along with the soaking water.
"add detergent to water when soaking, sow in equal parts of peat, loam and grit with extra richness at bottom of pot, space 2"" apart, allow absolutely no light during germination, provide steady supply of moisture, grow on in pot for 18 months"

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Greece
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000631845
UNII RC9B92SKJT
USDA Plants CYPU9
Tropicos 26400014
INPN 93708
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:700772-1
The Plant List kew-2749819
Open Tree Of Life 477901
Observations.org 140362
NCBI Taxonomy 87532
IUCN Red List 196750
IPNI 700772-1
iNaturalist 131847
GBIF 3169315
Freebase /m/0c026pv
EPPO CYZPU
EOL 590833
USDA GRIN 12746
Wikipedia Cyclamen_purpurascens
CMAUP NPO16807

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
A systematic methodology to assess the identity of plants in historical texts: A case study based on the Byzantine pharmacy text John the Physician's Therapeutics Lardos A, Patmore K, Allkin R, Lazarou R, Nesbitt M, Scott AC, Zipser B J Ethnopharmacol 25-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC7615571
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.117622
PMID:38128894
Traditional Knowledge Evolution over Half of a Century: Local Herbal Resources and Their Changes in the Upper Susa Valley of Northwest Italy Sulaiman N, Zocchi DM, Borrello MT, Mattalia G, Antoniazzi L, Berlinghof SE, Bewick A, Häfliger I, Schembs M, Torri L, Pieroni A Plants (Basel) 22-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10780445
doi:10.3390/plants13010043
PMID:38202351
Occurrence and Population Density of the Endemic Species Cordulegaster buchholzi (Anisoptera: Cordulegastridae) on the Cyclades Islands in Greece Holuša O, Holušová K Insects 20-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10672067
doi:10.3390/insects14110896
PMID:37999095
Botanical memory: five centuries of floristic changes revealed by a Renaissance herbarium (Ulisse Aldrovandi, 1551–1586) Buldrini F, Alessandrini A, Mossetti U, Muzzi E, Pezzi G, Soldano A, Nascimbene J R Soc Open Sci 08-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10645095
doi:10.1098/rsos.230866
PMID:38026021
Research Progress on Anthocyanin-Mediated Regulation of ‘Black’ Phenotypes of Plant Organs Wang F, Chen J, Tang R, Wang R, Ahmad S, Liu Z, Peng D Curr Issues Mol Biol 01-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10527681
doi:10.3390/cimb45090458
PMID:37754242
Evolutionary dynamics of Euphorbia carniolica suggest a complex Plio–Pleistocene history of understorey species of deciduous forest in southeastern Europe Kirschner P, Záveská E, Hülber K, Wessely J, Willner W, Schönswetter P, Frajman B Mol Ecol 26-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10946815
doi:10.1111/mec.17102
PMID:37632417
Identification and functional characterization of a flavonol synthase gene from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] Kou M, Li C, Song W, Shen Y, Tang W, Zhang Y, Wang X, Yan H, Gao R, Ahmad MQ, Li Q Front Plant Sci 10-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10206235
doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1181173
PMID:37235006
Post‐glacial range formation of temperate forest understorey herbs – Insights from a spatio‐temporally explicit modelling approach Willner W, Wessely J, Gattringer A, Moser D, Záveská E, Dullinger S, Schönswetter P, Hülber K Glob Ecol Biogeogr 10-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10947399
doi:10.1111/geb.13677
PMID:38504871
Anthocyanins Profiling Analysis and RNA-Seq Revealed the Dominating Pigments and Coloring Mechanism in Cyclamen Flowers Xia D, He G, Wang K, Wang T, Zhu Z, Niu Z, Shi G, Liu G Biology (Basel) 28-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9774537
doi:10.3390/biology11121721
PMID:36552231
Phytogeographic Characteristics of Montane Coniferous Forests of the Central Balkan Peninsula (SE Europe) Ilić T, Kuzmanović N, Vukojičić S, Lakušić D Plants (Basel) 22-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9741231
doi:10.3390/plants11233194
PMID:36501234
Real-world Evidence of the Herb-drug Interactions Pan HY, Wu LW, Wang PC, Chiu PH, Wang MT J Food Drug Anal 15-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9635910
doi:10.38212/2224-6614.3428
The medieval skincare routine according to the formulations of Madgistra Trotula and the Medical School of Salerno and its reflection on cosmetology of the third millennium Pisanti S, Mencherini T, Esposito T, D'Amato V, Re T, Bifulco M, Aquino RP J Cosmet Dermatol 09-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC10087853
doi:10.1111/jocd.15234
PMID:35822229
Functional Characterization of MtrGSTF7, a Glutathione S-Transferase Essential for Anthocyanin Accumulation in Medicago truncatula Panara F, Passeri V, Lopez L, Porceddu A, Calderini O, Paolocci F Plants (Basel) 16-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9147808
doi:10.3390/plants11101318
PMID:35631744
From the Editors Aoki K Plant Biotechnol (Tokyo) 25-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC9200081
doi:10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.editorial
PMID:35800964
Stability in the South, Turbulence Toward the North: Evolutionary History of Aurinia saxatilis (Brassicaceae) Revealed by Phylogenomic and Climatic Modelling Data Rešetnik I, Záveská E, Grgurev M, Bogdanović S, Bartolić P, Frajman B Front Plant Sci 14-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8964184
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.822331
PMID:35360300

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Glycosylglycerols / Glycosylmonoacylglycerols
(E)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid (2S)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl ester 15589787 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC(COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O 400.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7R,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-7,9-dihydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid 10624290 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5C(CC4(C3(CC2)C)C)O)(C)C)O)C)C(=O)O 472.70 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,2R,4S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14R,17S,18R,20S)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde 162891842 Click to see 1061.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80123-2
(1S,2R,4S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14R,17S,18R,20S)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde 162899637 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)CCC91C3(CC(C2(C9CC(CC2)(C)C=O)CO1)O)C)C)C 1223.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80123-2
Cyclamine 441916 Click to see 1223.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80123-2
Deglucocyclamin 44566607 Click to see 1061.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003
Oleanan-29-al,28-epoxy-3-[(O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.3)-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.2)]-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.4)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-16-hydroxy-, (3beta,16alpha,20beta)- 418710 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)CCC91C3(CC(C2(C9CC(CC2)(C)C=O)CO1)O)C)C)C 1223.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80123-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6S,6'S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-6'-methoxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 101599920 Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1OC 752.90 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5'S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5'-(hydroxymethyl)-7,9,13-trimethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 101588132 Click to see 738.90 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S)-3-hydroxy-5-[[(1S,2S,3'R,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7,9,13-trimethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,6'-oxane]-3'-yl]methoxy]-3-methyl-5-oxopentanoic acid 101674000 Click to see CC1C2C(CC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)C)C)OC19CCC(CO9)COC(=O)CC(C)(CC(=O)O)O 1045.20 unknown via CMAUP database
Deltonin 441884 Click to see 885.00 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
trans-p-Sinapoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside 5280550 Click to see 386.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
1,2-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol 76967301 Click to see 444.40 unknown via CMAUP database
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propenoic acid (2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester 101608627 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)O)O 268.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Glyceryl 1,3-diferulate 14135369 Click to see 444.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Sibiricose A5 6326020 Click to see 518.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acid esters / Coumaric acid esters
[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropyl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 25768379 Click to see 414.40 unknown via CMAUP database
1-O-(4-Hydroxycinnamoyl)-L-glycerol 13965854 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)O)O 238.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Hypolaetin 5281648 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Kaempferol 5280863 Click to see 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Myricetin 5281672 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 318.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 5280343 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
4',5,7-Trihydroxy-3-(alpha-D-arabinopyranosyloxy)flavone 11625890 Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O 418.30 unknown via CMAUP database
5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 16103933 Click to see 464.40 unknown via CMAUP database
kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside 15558501 Click to see 432.40 unknown via CMAUP database
quercetin 3-O-beta-L-rhamnopyranoside 5320854 Click to see 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database

Gallery Top

We don't have an image yet. Upload an image!

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections 0
In public collections 0
You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.