Cyclamen coum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644014c255ce5824900172 |
| Scientific name | Cyclamen coum |
| Authority | Mill. |
| First published in | Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 6 (1768) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Ornamental horticulture (pot plants, shade-garden perennials; flowering winter–early spring).
Industrial and craft applications:
No documented industrial uses; not recorded as a fiber, dye, gum, adhesive, or timber species.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No established food uses; all plant parts contain saponins and are considered toxic if ingested.
Colorants and tanning:
No reported tannin or dye uses.
Wood and fiber:
No timber or fiber uses.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented use in perfumery or cosmetics; flowers are not listed as a source of essential oil or fragrance raw materials in standard references.
Properties relevant to use:
Horticultural value derives from winter blooming, shade tolerance, and compact growth habit; otherwise, lack of documented physical/chemical properties supporting non-medicinal products.
Standards and regulation:
Where cultivated, subject to general plant health and marketing rules (e.g., EU Plant Health Regulation 2016/2031 and national horticultural product standards); no specific product standards apply to this species as a commodity.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Wild populations face habitat loss in parts of its range (e.g., Crimea/Caucasus); horticultural material is primarily propagated to reduce wild collection pressure; trade not listed under CITES.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cyclamen apiculatum | Jord. | Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 15 (1903) |
| Cyclamen brevifrons | Jord. | Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 15 (1903) |
| Cyclamen coum f. albissimum | R.H.Bailey | Cyclamen Soc. J. 13: 27 (1989) |
| Cyclamen coum f. pallidum | Grey-Wilson | Cyclamen Guide Gard., Hort. & Botanists [ C. Grey-Wilson] 174. 1997 |
| Cyclamen durostoricum | Pantu & Solacolu | Bull. Sect. Sci. Acad. Roumaine 9: 23 (1924) |
| Cyclamen hiemale | Hildebr. | Gartenflora 53: 70 (1904) |
| Cyclamen hyemale | Salisb. | Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 118 (1796) |
| Cyclamen kusnetzovii | Kotov & Czernova | Fl. RSS Ukr. 8: 521 (1958) |
| Cyclamen orbiculatum | Mill. | Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 5 (1768) |
| Cyclamen vernale | K.Koch | Linnaea 17: 308 (1843) |
| Cyclaminus coa | Asch. | Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 10: 235 (1892) |
| Cyclaminus coum | (Mill.) Bergmans | Vaste Pl. Rotsheesters : 158 (1924) |
| Cyclamen europaeum subsp. orbiculatum | (Mill.) O.Schwarz | Gartenflora n.f., 1: 16 1938 |
| Cyclamen vernum var. hiemale | (Hildebr.) O.Schwarz | Gartenflora n.f., 1: 20 1938 |
| Cyclamen coum subsp. hiemale | O.Schwarz | |
| Cyclamen hiemale | Hilebr. | |
| Cyclamen hyemale | Salib. |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | persian violet |
| English | eastern sowbread |
| Arabic | حلقي أسمر |
| Arabic | بخور مريم أسمر |
| Azerbaijani | qafqaz meşənovruzu |
| Bulgarian | пролетно ботурче |
| Welsh | bara`r-hwch y gaeaf |
| Danish | tidlig alpeviol |
| German | vorfrühlings-alpenveilchen |
| Estonian | ümaralehine alpikann |
| Persian | نگونسار برگ گرد جنگلی |
| Persian | نگون سار برگ گرد جنگلی |
| Finnish | balkaninsyklaami |
| Hebrew | רקפת יוונית |
| Croatian | zimska ciklama |
| Hungarian | kislevelű ciklámen |
| Armenian | Արջտակ կովկասյան |
| Japanese | シクラメン・コウム |
| Malayalam | സൈക്ലമെൻ കൗം |
| Dutch | cyclaam van coum |
| Dutch | rondbladige cyclaam |
| Russian | Цикламен кавказский |
| Serbo-Croatian | zimska ciklama |
| Ukrainian | Цикламен Кузнецова |
| Chinese | 小花仙客来 |
| Chinese | 健生仙客来 |
| Chinese | 近东仙客来 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cyclamen coum subsp. caucasicum | (K.Koch) O.Schwarz | Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 58: 250. 1955 (1955) |
| Cyclamen coum subsp. coum | Unknown |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
| Requires Darkness: These seeds need to be covered with soil or otherwise kept in the dark to germinate properly. Light inhibits their germination process. |
| Requires Soaking: These seeds need to be soaked in warm water until they swell, which can take 24-48 hours. Seeds that float are usually not viable and should be discarded, along with the soaking water. |
| "add detergent to water when soaking, sow in equal parts of peat, loam and grit with extra richness at bottom of pot, space 2"" apart, allow absolutely no light during germination, provide steady supply of moisture, grow on in pot for 18 months" |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
-
Western Asia
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- Krym
- South European Russia
-
Middle Europe
- Belgium
- Germany
-
Southeastern Europe
- Bulgaria
- Romania
- Turkey-in-Europe
-
Eastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000631741 |
| Tropicos | 26400294 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:700707-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2749722 |
| Plantarium | 12288 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 528173 |
| Observations.org | 116981 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 87519 |
| NBN Atlas | NHMSYS0000457794 |
| IPNI | 700707-1 |
| iNaturalist | 55859 |
| GBIF | 7127354 |
| Freebase | /m/0c02pz7 |
| EPPO | CYZCO |
| EOL | 5505396 |
| USDA GRIN | 12734 |
| Wikipedia | Cyclamen_coum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| 2-Methyl-6-(4-methyl-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl)hept-2-enal | 72815083 | Click to see | 246.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (1S,2R,4S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14R,17S,18R,20S)-2-hydroxy-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde | 162967627 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)CCC91C3(CC(C2(C9CC(CC2)(C)C=O)CO1)O)C)C)C | 1223.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80123-2 |
| (1S,2R,4S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14R,18S,20S)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-22-oxahexacyclo[18.3.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]pentacos-16-en-21-one | 102069224 | Click to see | 1221.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 |
| (1S,2R,4S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14R,18S,20S)-2-hydroxy-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-22-oxahexacyclo[18.3.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]pentacos-16-en-21-one | 163104955 | Click to see | 1221.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00978-3 |
| (1S,2R,4S,5R,8R,9R,10S,13R,14R,17S,18R,20S)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-4,5,9,13,20-pentamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde | 102069223 | Click to see | 1077.20 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 |
| 10-[5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-22-oxahexacyclo[18.3.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]pentacos-16-en-21-one | 162935304 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)OC6C(C(C(CO6)O)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C)CC=C8C3(CC(C91C8CC(CC9)(C(=O)OC1)C)O)C)C)C | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957459 |
| 10-[5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-4,5,9,13,20-pentamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde | 75072100 | Click to see | 1077.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 |
| 10-[5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-22-oxahexacyclo[18.3.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]pentacos-16-en-21-one | 75072103 | Click to see | 1221.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00978-3 |
| CID 14019197 | 14019197 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)OC6C(C(C(CO6)O)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C)CCC89C3(CC(C1(C8CC(CC1)(C)C=O)CO9)O)C)C)C | 1061.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 |
| Coumoside B | 101944749 | Click to see | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957459 |
| Cyclaminorin | 44566606 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C)CCC78C3(CC(C9(C7CC(CC9)(C)C=O)CO8)O)C)C)C | 929.10 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003 |
| Mirabilin Lactone | 44566611 | Click to see | 1221.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00978-3 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones | |||||
| Flavokawain C | 6293081 | Click to see | 300.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957637 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |