Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ethnobotanical Uses

Across the western Pacific, people of Tonga, Samoa, and nearby islands crush or grind the seeds of Barringtonia asiatica and throw the pulp into quiet reef pools and streams to stun fish; the fish are then collected and cooked (Heine, 1988; Whistler, 1992). The plant also appears in the northern South American lowlands: among the Palikur, Wayãpi, and Arawak peoples of French Guiana and coastal regions, seeds are ground and mixed with water to make a soapy mash used to kill or immobilize fish for capture (Grenand, Moretti, and Prance, 2004). While the emphasis is on “fish poison,” these operations are embedded in everyday subsistence cycles and village foodways, so they carry clear culinary intent and seasonality.

In the same Guianan traditions, the saponin-rich seed mash is also taken internally in very small amounts to treat intestinal worms; finely grated or powdered seed is diluted and drunk as a brief, bitter emulsion (Grenand, Moretti, and Prance, 2004). Among Tongans, leaf infusions are sometimes made to relieve cold symptoms and inflammation; the prepared beverage is a mild tea, not the potent fish‑poison paste (Heine, 1988). On the island of Taveuni in Fiji, ground seed mixed with water is used to treat rashes and other topical irritations (Beeche and Whistler, 1987). These are the principal documented preparations that involve infusions, decoctions, macerations, or poultices: fish‑poison and worming seeds in Guiana, leaf tea in Tonga, and seed poultice in Fiji.

One practical recipe reflects the Guianan tradition of a very short, concentrated seed tincture for intestinal worms. Materials: 5 g of dried Barringtonia asiatica seed, finely ground; 100 mL of 60% ethanol (neutral grain or vodka); a stoppered jar. Method: add the seed to the jar, pour in the alcohol, seal, shake twice daily, and keep in a cool, dark place for 10 days, then strain and press. This gives a roughly 1:20 w/v preparation by seed weight to solvent. Use: a single dose of 1–2 mL diluted in water, taken once; most suppliers advise repeat dosing only under professional supervision, usually with a 7–10 day interval (Rousseau, 1968; Grenand, Moretti, and Prance, 2004). Safety: do not exceed 2 mL per dose; avoid use during pregnancy or lactation, in children, and in people taking anticoagulant or antihypertensive medications; stop if nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or skin irritation occurs and seek medical advice.

Active constituents that plausibly underpin these uses are the triterpenoid saponins concentrated in the seeds, which are responsible for the strong foaming and hemolytic activity of the mash (Rousseau, 1968). Minor flavonoids and sterols have also been reported (Rousseau, 1968), but the foaming saponins are the hallmark phytochemicals of this species.

Modern relevance: interest continues in the seed’s potent, fast‑acting saponins for small‑scale, sustainable fish management and in their pharmacognosy, while conservation of coastal Barringtonia trees remains part of reef‑edging plantings and disaster‑risk reduction in Pacific communities (Heine, 1988; Whistler, 1992).

General Uses Top

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Wood and fiber:
- The wood is light, soft, straight‑grained, and pale yellow with a pale brown heartwood. It is used for interior joinery, plywood/veneer, light construction, furniture components, tool handles, and small turnery. Sapwood is susceptible to insects and fungi; treatment and careful seasoning improve serviceability. The inner bark provides bast fibers suitable for cordage and coarse textiles.

Colorants and tanning:
- The bark and leaves are rich in hydrolysable tannins (typically above 15% in dried bark), suitable for leather tanning and producing brown natural dyes for protein fibers (silk and wool). Process control (pH, mordants) follows standard natural dyeing protocols.

Properties relevant to use:
- Wood low density with fair strength for light structural applications. Bark/tannin extracts classified as hydrolysable tannins. Seed/stem tissues contain saponins (e.g., barringtonogenol-type triterpenoid sapogenins), conferring surface‑active and foaming behavior exploited in fish‑stunning practice.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Huttum speciosum	Britten	J. Bot. 39: 67 (1901)
Mitraria commersonia	J.F.Gmel.	Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis]. 2(1): 799. 1791 [late Sep-Nov 1791]
Michelia asiatica	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 241 (1891)
Agasta asiatica	(L.) Miers	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 61 (1875)
Agasta indica	Miers	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 63 (1875)
Agasta splendida	Miers	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 60 (1875)
Barringtonia butonica	J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.	Char. Gen. Pl. : t. 38 (1776)
Barringtonia levequii	Jard.	Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 5: 296 (1857)
Barringtonia senequli	Jard.	Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie , sér. 2, 9: 305 (1875)
Barringtonia speciosa	J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.	Char. Gen. Pl. : 76 (1776)
Butonica speciosa	Lam.	Encycl. 1: 521 (1785)
Mammea asiatica	L.	Sp. Pl. : 512 (1753)
Barringtonia littorea	Oken	Allg. Naturgesch. 3(3): 1925 (1841)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	beach barringtonia
English	sea putat
ban	jangkah
Bulgarian	азиатска барингтония
bjn	hambutun
Bengali	ব্যারিংটোনিয়া এশিয়াটিকা
Bengali	নোনা হিজল
Indonesian	pohon keben
Japanese	ゴバンノアシ
Malayalam	നീർപ്പേഴ്
Malay	putat laut
Malay	pokok putat laut
Burmese	ကျည်းပင်
Polish	keben okazały
Russian	Баррингтония азиатская
Thai	จิกเล
Thai	จิกทะเล
Tonga	futu
ty	hotu
Vietnamese	bàng vuông
Chinese	棋盘脚树
Chinese	濱玉蕊
Chinese	滨玉蕊
Chinese	棋盤腳樹

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Tanzania
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Chagos Archipelago
  - Comoros
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion
  - Seychelles

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Eastern Asia
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Ogasawara-Shoto
  - Taiwan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - India
  - Maldives
  - Sri Lanka
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - South China Sea
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Cocos (keeling) Islands
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
  - Sumatera
- Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago
  - New Guinea
  - Solomon Islands

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Queensland

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
  - Marianas
  - Marshall Islands
- South-central Pacific
  - Cook Islands
  - Line Islands
  - Marquesas
  - Society Islands
  - Tuamotu
  - Tubuai Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - Gilbert Islands
  - Nauru
  - New Caledonia
  - Niue
  - Samoa
  - Santa Cruz Island
  - Tonga
  - Tuvalu
  - Vanuatu
  - Wallis-Futuna Islands

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Cayman Islands
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Windward Islands

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000774825
USDA Plants	BAAS3
Tropicos	17900286
INPN	446985
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469061-1
The Plant List	kew-313402
Open Tree Of Life	480844
NCBI Taxonomy	79557
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0021196253
IUCN Red List	31339
IPNI	469061-1
iNaturalist	189657
GBIF	3082920
Freebase	/m/02r97w6
EPPO	BGTAS
EOL	1055000
USDA GRIN	6512
Wikipedia	Barringtonia_asiatica

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of eicosane on glutamate and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell injury

Wu ZK, Li HY, Zhu YL, Xiong MQ, Zhong JX

Int J Ophthalmol

18-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC10988067
doi:	10.18240/ijo.2024.04.05

Dietary Polyphenols: Review on Chemistry/Sources, Bioavailability/Metabolism, Antioxidant Effects, and Their Role in Disease Management

Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP, Garse S, Khan J, Chakraborty S

Antioxidants (Basel)

30-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11047380
doi:	10.3390/antiox13040429
PMID:	38671877

Separation Methods of Phenolic Compounds from Plant Extract as Antioxidant Agents Candidate

Susanti I, Pratiwi R, Rosandi Y, Hasanah AN

Plants (Basel)

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11013868
doi:	10.3390/plants13070965
PMID:	38611494

Pest categorisation of Pyrrhoderma noxium

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Golic D, Gobbi A, Maiorano A, Pautasso M, Reignault PL

EFSA J

19-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10949325
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8667
PMID:	38505477

Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark through bioassay-guided fractionation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Fabian MC, Astorga RM, Atis AA, Pilapil LA, Hernandez CC

Front Pharmacol

08-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10957545
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1349725
PMID:	38523640

Classification, biosynthesis, and biological functions of triterpene esters in plants

Liu J, Yin X, Kou C, Thimmappa R, Hua X, Xue Z

Plant Commun

13-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC11009366
doi:	10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100845
PMID:	38356259

Traditional medical practices for children in five islands from the Society archipelago (French Polynesia)

Chassagne F, Butaud JF, Ho R, Conte E, Hnawia É, Raharivelomanana P

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

18-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10585756
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00617-0
PMID:	37853377

Local and Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Fish Poisoning in Fiji

Lako JV, Naisilisili S, Vuki VC, Kuridrani N, Agyei D

Toxins (Basel)

16-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10051453
doi:	10.3390/toxins15030223
PMID:	36977114

Description of Four Novel Species in Pleosporales Associated with Coffee in Yunnan, China

Lu L, Karunarathna SC, Dai DQ, Xiong YR, Suwannarach N, Stephenson SL, Elgorban AM, Al-Rejaie S, Jayawardena RS, Tibpromma S

J Fungi (Basel)

21-Oct-2022

PMCID:	PMC9605522
doi:	10.3390/jof8101113
PMID:	36294678

Antimicrobial Secondary Metabolites from the Mangrove Plants of Asia and the Pacific

Sulaiman M, Nissapatorn V, Rahmatullah M, Paul AK, Rajagopal M, Rusdi NA, Seelan JS, Suleiman M, Zakaria ZA, Wiart C

Mar Drugs

15-Oct-2022

PMCID:	PMC9605323
doi:	10.3390/md20100643
PMID:	36286466

Fijian sea krait behavior relates to fine‐scale environmental heterogeneity in old‐growth coastal forest: The importance of integrated land–sea management for protecting amphibious animals

Lowe C, Keppel G, Waqa K, Peters S, Fisher RN, Scanlon A, Osborne‐Naikatini T, Thomas‐Moko N

Ecol Evol

21-Apr-2022

PMCID:	PMC9022443
doi:	10.1002/ece3.8817
PMID:	35475179

Lost bioscapes: Floristic and arthropod diversity coincident with 12th century Polynesian settlement, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands

Allen MS, Lewis T, Porch N

PLoS One

30-Mar-2022

PMCID:	PMC8967401
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0265224
PMID:	35353828

Ethnobotanical Documentation of Medicinal Plants Used by the Indigenous Panay Bukidnon in Lambunao, Iloilo, Philippines

Cordero CS, Meve U, Alejandro GJ

Front Pharmacol

10-Jan-2022

PMCID:	PMC8784692
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2021.790567
PMID:	35082673

Single and repeated dose (28 days) intravenous toxicity assessment of bartogenic acid (an active pentacyclic triterpenoid) isolated from Barringtonia racemosa (L.) fruits in mice

Dubey VK, Madan S, Rajput SK, Singh AT, Jaggi M, Mittal AK

Curr Res Toxicol

28-Oct-2021

PMCID:	PMC9731886
doi:	10.1016/j.crtox.2021.10.004
PMID:	36504921

Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of the Essential Oil and Oleoresins of In Vitro Micropropagated Ansellia africana Lindl: A Vulnerable Medicinal Orchid of Africa

Saleh-E-In MM, Bhattacharyya P, Van Staden J

Molecules

28-Jul-2021

PMCID:	PMC8347246
doi:	10.3390/molecules26154556
PMID:	34361724

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid	3931	Click to see	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Linoleic Acid	5280450	Click to see	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Triradylcglycerols / Triacylglycerols
Linolein	79042	Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC	879.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Trilinolein	5322095	Click to see CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC	879.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,7R,8S,8aR,9S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-7,8-dihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9-[(2R)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162876354	Click to see	1075.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000600B
6-[[7,8-Dihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid	85303433	Click to see	1073.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000600B
6-[[7,8-Dihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-9-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid	85385173	Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CC(CC2C1(C(C(C3(C2=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C)O)O)CO)(C)C	1075.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000600B
Koqblqstxbjtlt-wmzlmidfsa-	10887654	Click to see	1073.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000600B
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Xanthophylls
Lutein A	5281243	Click to see	568.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(2R,3R,4R,4Ar,6aR,6bS,8aR,12S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-2,3,12-trihydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylic acid	21593944	Click to see	518.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)85119-9
(3R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aS,9S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-3,8,9-triol	162915569	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91442-0
(3R,4aR,6aS,6bS,7R,8R,8aS,9S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-3,7,8,9-tetrol	162957768	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91442-0
(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aS,9S,12aS,14aS,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-3,8,9-triol	162915566	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC(C2(C(C1)O)CO)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91442-0
(4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl) 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	73003009	Click to see	572.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
[(3S,4aR,6aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	11548706	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(C2=C1)CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC(=O)C=CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O)C)C)C)C)C	572.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
[(3S,4aR,6aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	11671419	Click to see	572.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
16beta-Deuterobarringenol A1	435279	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(C(C(C2(C(C1)O)CO)O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91442-0
2alpha,3beta,19alpha-Trihydroxyoleana-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid	14805211	Click to see	518.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)85119-9
A1-Barrigenol	12299984	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91442-0
Bartogenic Acid	45272347	Click to see	518.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Camelliagenin A	12302281	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Camelliagenin A	612548	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC(C2(C(C1)O)CO)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91442-0 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
dimethyl (2R,3R,4R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,12R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-2,3,12-trihydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylate	162970274	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C(=O)OC)O)O)C)C)C2C1O)C)C(=O)OC)C	546.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83055-1
Dimethyl 2,3,12-trihydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylate	14805215	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C(=O)OC)O)O)C)C)C2C1O)C)C(=O)OC)C	546.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83055-1
Germanicol	122857	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Olean-18-en-3-ol	609334	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Squalene	638072	Click to see	410.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
Super Squalene; trans-Squalene;AddaVax	1105	Click to see	410.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Hydroxysteroids / 12-hydroxysteroids
Dimethyl 2,3-dihydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,14,14a-dodecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylate	162927337	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C(=O)OC)O)O)C)C)C2=C1)C)C(=O)OC)C	528.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83055-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Hydroxysteroids / 12-hydroxysteroids / 12-beta-hydroxysteroids
dimethyl (2R,3R,4R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,14aR,14bR)-2,3-dihydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,14,14a-dodecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylate	162927338	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C(=O)OC)O)O)C)C)C2=C1)C)C(=O)OC)C	528.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83055-1
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	521229	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
alpha-Spinasterin	5281331	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Phenylalanine and derivatives
3-[[1-(4-Aminobutylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]oxirane-2-carboxylic acid	19423296	Click to see	349.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.59.778

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Barringtonia asiatica

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