Silene chalcedonica
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ffcfd108a4366237574 |
| Scientific name | Silene chalcedonica |
| Authority | E.H.L.Krause |
| First published in | Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. , ed. 2, 5: 96 (1901) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Garden ornamental plant cultivated for its bright scarlet, star‑shaped flowers; used in perennial borders, mixed beds, cottage gardens, and naturalistic plantings. The species is listed in horticultural reference works (e.g., RHS Plant Finder, USDA PLANTS Database) as an ornamental perennial.
- Cut‑flower crop, marketed for fresh floral arrangements. Stems reach 60–100 cm, are sturdy, and the flowers retain vivid colour for several days, a factor that contributes to its commercial use as a cut flower. Production data appear in horticultural trade catalogs and online flower‑market listings.
- Commercially available cultivars include 'Alba' (white flowers) and 'Rosea' (pink), indicating breeding programs to develop colour variants. These cultivars are documented in horticultural databases such as the Royal Horticultural Society’s cultivar register.
- The plant is supplied by commercial nurseries and seed suppliers, confirming its status as a commercial ornamental product.
- In pollinator‑friendly gardening, Silene chalcedonica is cultivated for its abundant nectar, attracting bees and butterflies; this functional horticultural role is noted in pollinator‑garden guides.
- Public landscaping: the species is employed in municipal parks, public gardens, and institutional plantings for its extended flowering period and vivid colour.
Properties relevant to use:
- Morphology: herbaceous perennial, 60–100 cm tall, with opposite, lanceolate leaves 5–10 cm long; terminal cymes of five‑petaled, star‑shaped flowers each 2–3 cm in diameter.
- Flower colour: intense scarlet due to high concentrations of delphinidin‑based anthocyanins, as reported in phytochemical studies of the species (e.g., Yoshida et al., 1995, “Anthocyanins in Silene chalcedonica”).
- Flowering period: late spring to early autumn, extending over several weeks, which provides a long display for garden use.
- Cultivation requirements: full sun to partial shade; well‑drained loamy to sandy soils, pH 5.5–7.5; tolerates moderate drought once established; USDA hardiness zones 3–9.
- Vase life: cut stems retain colour for several days under standard floral preservative conditions, supporting the plant’s utility in the cut‑flower market.
- Propagation: by seed (requiring cold stratification) or by division; commercial production primarily uses seed sowing under controlled nursery conditions.
- Seed characteristics: seeds are small (≈1–2 mm) and commercial production recommends cold stratification (4–6 weeks at 0–5 °C) to achieve high germination rates; this is documented in seed‑production guides for the species.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Lychnis chalcedonica | L. | Sp. Pl. : 436 (1753) |
| Agrostemma chalcedonica | (L.) Doell. |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | scarlet lychnis |
| English | maltese-cross |
| English | london-pride |
| Spanish | lychnis chalcedonica |
| Czech | kohoutek plamenný |
| Welsh | croes malta |
| German | lychnis chalcedonica |
| German | brennende liebe |
| Estonian | loitev tulinelk |
| Estonian | lychnis chalcedonica |
| Finnish | palava rakkaus |
| Finnish | palavarakkaus |
| Finnish | lychnis chalcedonica |
| Upper Sorbian | Čerwjena kukelička |
| Lithuanian | lychnis chalcedonica |
| Lithuanian | goštautinė gaisrena |
| Latvian | sarkanā guntiņa |
| Malayalam | ലിച്ച്നിസ് ചാൽസെഡോണിക്ക |
| Norwegian Bokmål | ildkjærlighet |
| Dutch | brandende liefde |
| Dutch | lychnis chalcedonica |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | eldkjærleik |
| Polish | firletka chalcedońska |
| Polish | lychnis chalcedonica |
| Russian | Зорька обыкновенная |
| Samogitian | guoštauts |
| Slovak | kukučka hustokvetá |
| tt | Сабын чәчәге |
| Chinese | 皱叶剪秋罗 |
| Chinese | 皺葉剪秋羅 |
| Chinese | 皱叶蝇子草 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
| Requires Light or Surface Sowing: These seeds need light to germinate and should not be covered with soil or only very lightly. They are often very small and sown directly on the surface of the growing medium. |
| Germination Improved by GA3: Gibberellic Acid(GA3) is a plant growth hormone that can break dormancy and improve germination rates for seeds that are otherwise difficult to sprout. |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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China
- China North-central
- Xinjiang
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
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Mongolia
- Mongolia
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Russian Far East
- Khabarovsk
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Siberia
- Altay
- Irkutsk
- Krasnoyarsk
- West Siberia
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China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indo-China
- Vietnam
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Indo-China
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Australasia click to expand
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Australia
- New South Wales
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Australia
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- North European Russia
- South European Russia
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Middle Europe
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Norway
- Sweden
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Southeastern Europe
- Bulgaria
- Romania
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Eastern Europe
-
Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- New Brunswick
- Nova Scotia
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Québec
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Minnesota
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Pennsylvania
- Vermont
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Idaho
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Western Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Manitoba
- Saskatchewan
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Eastern Canada
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000438581 |
| Canadensys | 4370 |
| Tropicos | 6303615 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:157059-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2485408 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 115695 |
| Observations.org | 20264 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 39855 |
| NBN Atlas | NHMSYS0021008313 |
| IPNI | 157059-1 |
| iNaturalist | 406034 |
| GBIF | 5584611 |
| Freebase | /m/04m7cp |
| WisFlora | 13320 |
| EPPO | LYHCH |
| EOL | 587272 |
| Elurikkus | 549946 |
| USDA GRIN | 429989 |
| Wikipedia | Silene_chalcedonica |
| Plantarium | 53302 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives | |||||
| (2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R,3R)-2,3,6-trihydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | 13889301 | Click to see | 492.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 |
| (2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R,3S)-2,3,6-trihydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | 162969801 | Click to see | 492.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579144 |
| (2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-2,3,5,14-tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R,3S)-2,3,6-trihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-1,2,3,4,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | 162981122 | Click to see CC12CCC3C(=CC(=O)C4(C3(CC(C(C4)O)O)C)O)C1(CCC2C(C)(C(CCC(C)(C)O)O)O)O | 496.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579144 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 |
| 2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(2,3,6-trihydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | 13889300 | Click to see | 492.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579144 |
| 2,3,14,20,22,25-Hexahydroxycholest-7-en-6-one | 271605 | Click to see | 480.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579144 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 |
| 2,3,5,14-Tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(2,3,6-trihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | 271604 | Click to see CC12CCC3C(=CC(=O)C4(C3(CC(C(C4)O)O)C)O)C1(CCC2C(C)(C(CCC(C)(C)O)O)O)O | 496.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579144 |
| 20-Hydroxyecdysone | 5459840 | Click to see | 480.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 |
| 2beta,3beta,5beta,14,20,22R,25-Heptahydroxycholest-7-en-6-one | 441833 | Click to see CC12CCC3C(=CC(=O)C4(C3(CC(C(C4)O)O)C)O)C1(CCC2C(C)(C(CCC(C)(C)O)O)O)O | 496.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 |
| Integristerone A | 16038795 | Click to see | 496.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636589 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Pentahydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives | |||||
| Ecdysone | 19212 | Click to see CC(C1CCC2(C1(CCC3C2=CC(=O)C4C3(CC(C(C4)O)O)C)C)O)C(CCC(C)(C)O)O | 464.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636590 |
| Viticosterone E | 11226211 | Click to see CC(=O)OC(C)(C)CCC(C(C)(C1CCC2(C1(CCC3C2=CC(=O)C4C3(CC(C(C4)O)O)C)C)O)O)O | 522.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636590 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives | |||||
| 5beta,20xi-Cholest-7-en-6-one, 22,25-epoxy-2beta,3beta,14,20-tetrahydroxy- | 91745162 | Click to see | 462.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00636590 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |