Echium humile - Unknown
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Internal ID UUID644018f06b50c932933391
Scientific name Echium humile
Authority Desf.
First published in Fl. Atlant. 1: 165 (1798)

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Anchusa humilis I.M.Johnst. Contr. Gray Herb. 73: 55 (1924)
Anchusa parviflora Sibth. & Sm. Fl. Graec. ii. 57. t. 167.
Echium angustifolium Lam. Tabl. Encycl. i. 412.
Echium pycnanthum subsp. humile (Desf.) Jahand. & Maire Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 605 1934
Echium thellungii Sennen & Mauricio Diagn. Nouv. : 238 (1936)

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Language Common/alternative name
Arabic لوشام
Arabic زهرة الأفعى

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Echium humile subsp. caespitosum (Maire) Greuter & Burdet Willdenowia 11: 36 (1981)
Echium humile subsp. nanum (Coincy) Greuter & Burdet Willdenowia 11: 36 (1981)
Echium humile subsp. pycnanthum (Pomel) Greuter & Burdet Willdenowia 11: 37 (1981)

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Libya
      • Morocco
      • Tunisia
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Mauritania

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000662849
Tropicos 4001282
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:115709-1
The Plant List kew-2784150
Open Tree Of Life 575745
Observations.org 128494
NCBI Taxonomy 161689
IPNI 115709-1
iNaturalist 465107
GBIF 7294492
EPPO EHIHU
EOL 5355701
Elurikkus 584202

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Phytochemical Profiling, Antimicrobial and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potential of Phenolic-Enriched Extracts of the Aerial Parts from Echium humile Desf.: In Vitro Combined with In Silico Approach Aouadi K, Hajlaoui H, Arraouadi S, Ghannay S, Snoussi M, Kadri A Plants (Basel) 21-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9105953
doi:10.3390/plants11091131
PMID:35567133
A Comprehensive Review of Chemistry, Sources and Bioavailability of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Cholewski M, Tomczykowa M, Tomczyk M Nutrients 04-Nov-2018
PMCID:PMC6267444
doi:10.3390/nu10111662
PMID:30400360
Searching for health beneficial n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in plant seeds Kuhnt K, Degen C, Jaudszus A, Jahreis G Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 01-Feb-2012
PMCID:PMC3380567
doi:10.1002/ejlt.201100008
PMID:22745569
Pyrrolizidine and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids from Echium humile A. El-Shazly, T. Sarg, A. Ateya, E. Abdel Aziz, S. El-Dahmy, L. Witte, M. Wink Elsevier BV 30-Apr-2003
doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives
(7-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl)methyl 3-methylbut-2-enoate 162895561 Click to see CC(=CC(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)O)C 237.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[(1R,8R)-7-[[(2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxybutanoyl]oxymethyl]-2,3,5,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 163012124 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(C(C)O)O 341.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[(7R,8R)-7-[(2R)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-methylbutanoate 163021335 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(C(C)O)(C(C)(C)O)O 399.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[(7R,8R)-7-[(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylbutanoate 101696509 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)CO)O 397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[(7R,8R)-7-[(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-methylbutanoate 162975382 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)CO)O 397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[(7R,8R)-7-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-methylbutanoate 124300747 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(C(C)O)(C(C)(C)O)O 397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[7-(2,3-dihydroxybutanoyloxymethyl)-2,3,5,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 78409651 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(C(C)O)O 341.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[7-(3-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylbutanoate 163025055 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)O 381.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[7-(3-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl 2,3-dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylbutanoate 85161877 Click to see CC(C(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)(C(C)(C)O)O)O 397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[7-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,5,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 78409652 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)CO 239.31 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
[7-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,5,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-yl] 3-methylbut-2-enoate 162936290 Click to see CC(=CC(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)CO)C 237.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-(2-Methylbutyryl)-9-(2,3-dihydroxybutyryl) retronecine 6431048 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(C(C)O)O 341.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-(2-Methylbutyryl)-9-echimidinylretronecine 15286360 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(C(C)O)(C(C)(C)O)O 399.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-(2-Methylbutyryl)-retronecine 6431049 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)CO 239.31 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-Acetyllycopsamine 156006 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C)O 341.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-Senecioyl-lycopsamine 91748008 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)O)O 381.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-Senecioylretronecine 15286357 Click to see CC(=CC(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)CO)C 237.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
Echihumiline 15286355 Click to see CC(C(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)(C(C)(C)O)O)O 397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
Echinatine 22384 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)O)O 299.36 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
Echiupinine (7-senecioylintermedine) 15286358 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)O 381.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
Pycnanthine 91748009 Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)OC(=O)C=C(C)CO)O 397.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Tetrahydroisoquinolines
(+-)-Carnegine 442186 Click to see CC1C2=CC(=C(C=C2CCN1C)OC)OC 221.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
6-N orcarnegine 40298 Click to see CC1C2=CC(=C(C=C2CCN1C)O)OC 207.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0
7-Methoxy-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-6-ol; hydrochloride ((+/-)-N-methylsalsoline) 6093310 Click to see CC1C2=CC(=C(C=C2CCN1C)O)OC 207.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00847-0

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