Alkanna tinctoria in Genus Alkanna

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID6440085757d57555955507
Scientific name	Alkanna tinctoria
Authority	Tausch
First published in	Flora 7: 234 (1824)

Description Top

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Alkanna tinctoria, also known as dyer's alkanet, is a flowering plant native to the Mediterranean region. Its roots are used to produce a red dye that has been used since ancient times. The plant is also known as dyers' bugloss, orchanet, Spanish bugloss, or Languedoc bugloss. It has bright blue flowers and a blackish root that produces a fine red dye. This dye is soluble in alcohol, ether, and oils, but not in water. Alkanet root is also used as a wood stain and as a food coloring in some cultures. In folk medicine, it is used to treat abscesses and inflammations. The dye in A. tinctoria has been isolated and named alkannin. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine and has been informally referred to as alkanet in English since the medieval era.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Lithospermum tinctorium	L.	Sp. Pl. : 132 (1753)
Alkanna lehmannii	(Tineo) A.DC.	Prodr. 10: 588 (1846)
Alkanna tinctoria subsp. lehmanii	(Tineo) Nyman
Anchusa bracteolata	Viv.	Fl. Libyc. Spec. : 10 (1824)
Anchusa rhizochroa	Viv.	Pl. Aegypt. Dec. : 20 (1830)
Anchusa tinctoria	(L.) L.	Sp. Pl. ed. 2 : 192 (1762)
Anchusa tuberculata	Forssk.	Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 40 (1775)
Baphorhiza tinctoria	Link	Handbuch 1: 578 (1829)
Buglossum tinctorium	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 2: 278 (1779)

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
English	dyer's alkanet
English	alkanet
English	spanish bugloss
English	dyer's bugloss
English	dyers' bugloss
English	languedoc bugloss
English	orchanet
Spanish	lithospermum commutatum
Spanish	lithospermum lehmannii
Spanish	lycopsis cyrenaica
Spanish	nonea violacea
Spanish	onochilis tinctoria
Spanish	onoquiles
Spanish	orcaneta
Spanish	rhytispermum tinctorium
Arabic	كحلاء مصبوغة
Azerbaijani	boyaq alkannası
Azerbaijani	həvəgüvə
Bulgarian	Синя айважива
Catalan	alcanna
Finnish	värialkanna
French	orcanette des teinturiers
French	orcanette
Hebrew	אלקנת הצבעים
Hindi	रतनजोत
Hungarian	homoki pirosító
Hungarian	homoki báránypirosító
Hungarian	pirosítófű
Hungarian	piros ökörnyelv
Hungarian	pirítófű
Hungarian	báránypirosító
Italian	alcanna
Kazakh	Бояулы алканна
Korean	알칸나
ku	giyacîwa
Polish	czerwienica barwierska
Russian	e103
Russian	Алканна красильная
Turkish	hava civa otu
Turkish	havaciva
Turkish	havacıva
Chinese	紫朱草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Alkanna tinctoria subsp. anatolica	Hub.-Mor.	Bauhinia 4: 206 (1971)
Alkanna tinctoria subsp. subleiocarpa	(Hub.-Mor.) Hub.-Mor.	Fl. Turkey 6: 426 (1978)
Alkanna tinctoria subsp. tripolitana	(Bornm.) Qaiser	Fl. Libya 68: 78 (1979)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Egypt
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Krym
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Hungary
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Links to other databases Top

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Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000525956
UNII	7V91687254
USDA Plants	ALTI
Tropicos	4002083
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:112753-1
The Plant List	kew-2628546
Open Tree Of Life	1046421
NCBI Taxonomy	543564
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0200001705
IPNI	112753-1
iNaturalist	210414
GBIF	5341257
Freebase	/m/096xk
EPPO	AKNTI
EOL	483843
USDA GRIN	105290
Wikipedia	Alkanna_tinctoria

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Editorial: Global excellence in ethnopharmacology: europe

Assimopoulou AN, Trifan A

Front Pharmacol

30-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10861649
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1368610
PMID:	38352147

Editorial: Endophytic fungi: secondary metabolites and plant biotic and abiotic stress management

Salehi M, Safaie N

Front Microbiol

29-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10859437
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345210
PMID:	38348191

Phytochemical Profiling and Biological Assessment of the Aerial Parts from Three Mediterranean Alkanna Species (A. orientalis, A. tinctoria, A. kotschyana) in the Boraginaceae Family

Ganos C, Zengin G, Chinou I, Aligiannis N, Graikou K

Plants (Basel)

17-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10818510
doi:	10.3390/plants13020278
PMID:	38256831

Root colonization by beneficial rhizobacteria

Liu Y, Xu Z, Chen L, Xun W, Shu X, Chen Y, Sun X, Wang Z, Ren Y, Shen Q, Zhang R

FEMS Microbiol Rev

13-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10786197
doi:	10.1093/femsre/fuad066
PMID:	38093453

Plants and endophytes interaction: a “secret wedlock” for sustainable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites

Kumari P, Deepa N, Trivedi PK, Singh BK, Srivastava V, Singh A

Microb Cell Fact

04-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10625306
doi:	10.1186/s12934-023-02234-8
PMID:	37925404

Plant-based red colouration of shell beads 15,000 years ago in Kebara Cave, Mount Carmel (Israel)

Davin L, Bellot-Gurlet L, Navas J

PLoS One

25-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10599507
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0292264
PMID:	37878593

Plant Extracts as Skin Care and Therapeutic Agents

Michalak M

Int J Mol Sci

22-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10607442
doi:	10.3390/ijms242015444
PMID:	37895122

Microbial fortification of pharmacological metabolites in medicinal plants

Wu X, Yang Y, Zhang H

Comput Struct Biotechnol J

13-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10589376
doi:	10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.024
PMID:	37867972

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi impact the production of alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives in Alkanna tinctoria Tausch. grown in semi-hydroponic and pot cultivation systems

Zhao Y, Cartabia A, Garcés-Ruiz M, Herent MF, Quetin-Leclercq J, Ortiz S, Declerck S, Lalaymia I

Front Microbiol

10-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10447974
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1216029
PMID:	37637105

Bacterial responses to plant antimicrobials: the case of alkannin and shikonin derivatives

Rat A, Koletti AE, Rodić N, Papageorgiou VP, Willems A, Assimopoulou AN

Front Pharmacol

07-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10440953
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1244270
PMID:	37608899

Ultrasonic-assisted sustainable extraction and dyeing of organic cotton fabric using natural dyes from Dillenia indica leaf

Banna BU, Mia R, Hasan MM, Ahmed B, Hasan Shibly MA

Heliyon

27-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10407738
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18702
PMID:	37560636

Ultrasonic-assisted sustainable pollution free advanced method for isolation of colouring material from Amba Haldi (Curcuma aromatica) for wool dyeing

Habib N, Adeel S, Ali A, Mia R, Khan SR, Qayyum MA

Sci Prog

19-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10364796
doi:	10.1177/00368504231188610
PMID:	37469182

Uncovering Genomic Features and Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Endophytic Bacteria from Roots of the Medicinal Plant Alkanna tinctoria Tausch as a Strategy To Identify Novel Biocontrol Bacteria

Naranjo HD, Rat A, De Zutter N, De Ridder E, Lebbe L, Audenaert K, Willems A

Microbiol Spectr

12-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10434035
doi:	10.1128/spectrum.00747-23
PMID:	37436171

Applying Gel-Supported Liquid Extraction to Tutankhamun’s Textiles for the Identification of Ancient Colorants: A Case Study

Peruzzi G, Ciccola A, Bosi A, Serafini I, Negozio M, Hamza NM, Moricca C, Sadori L, Favero G, Nigro V, Postorino P, Curini R

Gels

25-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10379361
doi:	10.3390/gels9070514
PMID:	37504394

Coastal Halophytes: Potent Source of Bioactive Molecules from Saline Environment

Stanković M, Stojanović-Radić Z, Jakovljević D, Zlatić N, Luković M, Dajić-Stevanović Z

Plants (Basel)

30-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10181147
doi:	10.3390/plants12091857
PMID:	37176915

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives
[(1R,8S)-7-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,5,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	643693	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)CO	237.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
[(7R,8S)-7-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butanoate	162958001	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(CO)(C(C)O)O	369.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
[(7R,8S)-7-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)but-2-enoate	162962415	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(=CC)CO	335.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
[7-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)but-2-enoate	522876	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(=CC)CO	335.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
[7-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl 2,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butanoate	162958000	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(CO)(C(C)O)O	369.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
7-Angeloylretronecine	13457	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)CO	237.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
Dihydroxytriangularine	91747359	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(CO)(C(C)O)O	369.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
Triangularine	5281755	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CCN2C1C(=CC2)COC(=O)C(=CC)CO	335.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85007-4
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones
Acetoxyisovalerylalkannin	5321188	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)OC(=O)CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C)C	430.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097184 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097548
Alkannin	72521	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)O)C	288.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097184
Alkannin beta,beta-dimethylacrylate	442720	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)C	370.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097184
beta-Acetoxyisovalerylshikonin	69295815	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)OC(=O)CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C)C	430.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097548
Butanoic acid, 3-(acetyloxy)-3-methyl-, 1-(1,4-dihydro-5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxo-2-naphthalenyl)-4-methyl-3-pentenyl ester, (S)-	155245	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)OC(=O)CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C)C	430.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097184
C.I. Natural Red 20	5208	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)O)C	288.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097184
Dmask	32465	Click to see CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=C(C)C)C	370.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097184

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Alkanna tinctoria

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top