Eupatorium perfoliatum, also known as common boneset or just boneset, is a perennial plant native to North America. It is commonly found in wet areas and has been used in traditional medicine by Native Americans for breaking fevers through sweating. The plant has serrated leaves and produces clusters of tiny white flowers. It contains various phytochemicals, but its safety and effectiveness for medicinal purposes are still unclear. The US Food and Drug Administration has warned against fraudulent claims made by companies selling E. perfoliatum supplements as a cure for COVID-19. While it has been traditionally used for fever and colds, there is limited scientific research to support its effectiveness. Consuming large amounts of the plant may cause diarrhea.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Eupatorium cuneatum	Engelm. ex Torr. & A.Gray	88 1841
Eupatorium perfoliatum f. purpureum	Britton	Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 124 (1890)
Eupatorium chapmanii	Small	Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small]. 1168. 1903 [22 Jul 1903]
Eupatorium connatum	Michx.	Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 99 (1803)
Eupatorium perfoliatum f. trifolium	Fassett	Rhodora 27: 55 (1925)
Eupatorium truncatum	Muhl. ex Willd.	Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 3: 1751 (1804)
Eupatorium perfoliatum f. laciniatum	Stebbins	Rhodora 32: 133 (1930)
Uncasia cuneata	(Engelm.) Greene	Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 13 (1903)
Uncasia truncata	Greene	Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 13 (1903)
Eupatorium connatum	Michaux	Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 99. 1803.
Uncasia perfoliata	Greene	Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 13 (1903)
Eupatorium cuneatum	Engelm.	Fl. N. Amer. 1: 88 (1841)
Cunigunda perfoliata	Lunell	Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 35 (1917)
Eupatorium polyneuron	(F.J.Herm.) Wunderlin	Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 59: 472 (1973)
Eupatorium truncatum	Mühlenb. ex Elliott	298 1824
Eupatorium salviifolium	Sims	Bot. Mag. 45: t. 2010 (1818)
Eupatorium perfoliatum var. colpophilum	Fernald & Griscom	Rhodora 37: 182 (1935)
Eupatorium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum	L.
Eupatorium perfoliatum var. cuneatum	(Engelm.) A.Gray	Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 100 (1884)
Eupatorium perfoliatum f. truncatum	Fassett	Rhodora 27: 55 (1925)
Eupatorium truncatum	Muhl. ex Willd.	Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 3: 1751 (1804)
Eupatorium perfoliatum var. truncatum	(Muhl. ex Willd.) A.Gray	Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 99 (1884)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	common boneset
English	boneset
Arabic	الغافثية المثقوبة
German	amerikanischer wasserdost
German	durchwachsener wasserhanf
German	indianerkraut
German	knochenheil
German	wasserdostenkraut
German	wechselfieberkraut
German	durchwachsener wasserdost
Hungarian	átnőttlevelű sédkender
pdc	darrichwax
Chinese	穿叶泽兰
Chinese	贯叶泽兰

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Requires Light or Surface Sowing: These seeds need light to germinate and should not be covered with soil or only very lightly. They are often very small and sown directly on the surface of the growing medium.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - New Brunswick
  - Nova Scotia
  - Ontario
  - Prince Edward Island
  - Québec
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Iowa
  - Kansas
  - Minnesota
  - Missouri
  - Nebraska
  - North Dakota
  - Oklahoma
  - South Dakota
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Indiana
  - Maine
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New Hampshire
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Rhode Island
  - Vermont
  - West Virginia
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Arkansas
  - Delaware
  - Florida
  - Georgia
  - Kentucky
  - Louisiana
  - Maryland
  - Mississippi
  - North Carolina
  - South Carolina
  - Tennessee
  - Virginia
- Western Canada
  - Manitoba

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000027022
UNII	0LMC25OLZY
Florida Plant Atlas	3411
Flora of Alabama	732
Canadensys	3144
USDA Plants	EUPE3
Tropicos	2700760
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277036-2
The Plant List	gcc-126117
Missouri Botanical Garden	277187
Open Tree Of Life	1032099
Observations.org	187158
NCBI Taxonomy	102777
Nature Serve	2.143537
IUCN Red List	64311538
IPNI	277036-2
iNaturalist	119045
GBIF	5402874
Freebase	/m/02px0j1
WisFlora	3595
EPPO	EUPPE
EOL	475561
USDA GRIN	16330
Wikipedia	Eupatorium_perfoliatum

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Plant-Derived Epi-Nutraceuticals as Potential Broad-Spectrum Anti-Viral Agents

Gabbianelli R, Shahar E, de Simone G, Rucci C, Bordoni L, Feliziani G, Zhao F, Ferrati M, Maggi F, Spinozzi E, Mahajna J

Nutrients

08-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10675658
doi:	10.3390/nu15224719
PMID:	38004113

Biochar applications for treating potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contaminated soils and water: a review

Zhang X, Zou G, Chu H, Shen Z, Zhang Y, Abbas MH, Albogami BZ, Zhou L, Abdelhafez AA

Front Bioeng Biotechnol

17-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10472142
doi:	10.3389/fbioe.2023.1258483
PMID:	37662433

Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Markers of Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes via Nrf2/HO-1 and Dityrosine Signaling

Cicek B, Hacimuftuoglu A, Yeni Y, Danisman B, Ozkaraca M, Mokhtare B, Kantarci M, Spanakis M, Nikitovic D, Lazopoulos G, Tsarouhas K, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A

J Pers Med

10-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10140899
doi:	10.3390/jpm13040649
PMID:	37109035

Beyond pharmaceuticals: The untapped potential of homeopathy in the battle against COVID-19

de Farias Morais GC, de Oliveira Campos DM, da Silva MK, de Oliveira CB, da Silva Junior ED, Fulco UL, Oliveira JI

Explore (NY)

05-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10072950
doi:	10.1016/j.explore.2023.04.002
PMID:	37072282

Pest categorisation of Paracoccus marginatus

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Kertesz V, Maiorano A, MacLeod A

EFSA J

31-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10064853
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7899
PMID:	37009439

The Early Detection of Fraudulent COVID-19 Products From Twitter Chatter: Data Set and Baseline Approach Using Anomaly Detection

Sarker A, Lakamana S, Liao R, Abbas A, Yang YC, Al-Garadi M

JMIR Infodemiology

14-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10131818
doi:	10.2196/43694
PMID:	37113382

Manipulation of multiple floral traits demonstrates role in pollinator disease transmission

Van Wyk JI, Lynch AM, Adler LS

Ecology

01-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC9978041
doi:	10.1002/ecy.3866
PMID:	36056578

Role of herbal medicines in the treatment of infectious diseases

Chaughule RS, Barve RS

Vegetos

18-Jan-2023

PMCID:	PMC9845097
doi:	10.1007/s42535-022-00549-2
PMID:	36687385

Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications

Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO

Int J Mol Sci

30-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9740324
doi:	10.3390/ijms232315054
PMID:	36499380

Interspecific variation in resistance and tolerance to herbicide drift reveals potential consequences for plant community co-flowering interactions and structure at the agro-eco interface

Iriart V, Baucom RS, Ashman TL

Ann Bot

23-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9851304
doi:	10.1093/aob/mcac137
PMID:	36415945

Monarch Butterfly Ecology, Behavior, and Vulnerabilities in North Central United States Agricultural Landscapes

Grant TJ, Fisher KE, Krishnan N, Mullins AN, Hellmich RL, Sappington TW, Adelman JS, Coats JR, Hartzler RG, Pleasants JM, Bradbury SP

Bioscience

09-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9699720
doi:	10.1093/biosci/biac094
PMID:	36451972

Antiviral Effect of Isoquercitrin against Influenza A Viral Infection via Modulating Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase

Cho WK, Lee MM, Ma JY

Int J Mol Sci

28-Oct-2022

PMCID:	PMC9653704
doi:	10.3390/ijms232113112
PMID:	36361900

Searching for the Genus Epidemicus in Chinese Patients: Findings from the Clificol COVID-19 Clinical Case Registry

Tournier A, Fok Y, van Haselen R, To A

Homeopathy

02-Oct-2022

PMCID:	PMC9868965
doi:	10.1055/s-0042-1750380
PMID:	36183700

Broccoli Leaves Attenuate Influenza A Virus Infection by Interfering With Hemagglutinin and Inhibiting Viral Attachment

Cho WK, Yim NH, Lee MM, Han CH, Ma JY

Front Pharmacol

30-Jun-2022

PMCID:	PMC9280179
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2022.899181
PMID:	35847047

Reinventory of the vascular plants of Mormon Island Crane Meadows after forty years of restoration, invasion, and climate change

Caven AJ, Wiese JD

Heliyon

03-Jun-2022

PMCID:	PMC9192816
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09640
PMID:	35711997

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid (3R)-2,7-dioxo-3alpha,9-dimethyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,3abeta,4,5,7,9abeta,9balpha-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4alpha-yl ester	101794216	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)CO	360.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid (3R)-2,7-dioxo-3alpha,9-dimethyl-6-formyl-2,3,3abeta,4,5,7,9abeta,9balpha-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4alpha-yl ester	101794215	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)C=O	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(1S,2R,4S,6S,10S,11R)-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-7-methylidene-5,8-dioxo-3,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.02,4.06,10]tetradec-12-en-1-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162983736	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC12CC=C(C1C3C(C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=O)C4C2(O4)C)CO	374.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80107-6
[(1S,2R,4S,6S,10S,11R)-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-7-methylidene-5,8-dioxo-3,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.02,4.06,10]tetradec-12-en-1-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	163185302	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC12CC=C(C1C3C(C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=O)C4C2(O4)C)CO	374.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80107-6
[(1S,2R,4S,6S,7S,10R,11R)-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5,8-dioxo-3,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.02,4.06,10]tetradec-12-en-1-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162923586	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC12CC=C(C1C3C(C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=O)C4C2(O4)C)CO	376.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80107-6
[(3R,3aR,4R,9aS,9bR)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,9-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162975309	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)CO	360.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(3R,3aR,4R,9aS,9bR)-6-formyl-3,9-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162868338	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)C=O	358.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[12-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-7-methylidene-5,8-dioxo-3,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.02,4.06,10]tetradec-12-en-1-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	78122542	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC12CC=C(C1C3C(C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=O)C4C2(O4)C)CO	374.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80107-6
[12-(Hydroxymethyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5,8-dioxo-3,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.02,4.06,10]tetradec-12-en-1-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162923585	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC12CC=C(C1C3C(C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=O)C4C2(O4)C)CO	376.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80107-6
Euperfolide	71587228	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC12CC=C(C1C3C(C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=O)C4C2(O4)C)CO	374.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80107-6
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones
[(1R,2S,3S,4R,7S,8S,10R,11R,13S,14R)-2-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-10,14-dimethyl-5-oxo-6,9,15-trioxapentacyclo[9.4.0.01,14.03,7.08,10]pentadecan-13-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162897234	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2C3(C(O3)C4C(C(C(=O)O4)CO)C(C25C1(O5)C)O)C	394.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
[(1S,2R,3S,4S,7S,8R,10S,11S,13S,14S)-2-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-10,14-dimethyl-5-oxo-6,9,15-trioxapentacyclo[9.4.0.01,14.03,7.08,10]pentadecan-13-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162897235	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2C3(C(O3)C4C(C(C(=O)O4)CO)C(C25C1(O5)C)O)C	394.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
[2-Hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-10,14-dimethyl-5-oxo-6,9,15-trioxapentacyclo[9.4.0.01,14.03,7.08,10]pentadecan-13-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	74035574	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2C3(C(O3)C4C(C(C(=O)O4)CO)C(C25C1(O5)C)O)C	394.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives
(5-Hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	73823144	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCC(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)C	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
(5,6-Dihydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	73823143	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CC(C(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)O)C	380.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid (3R,6Z,10Z)-2-oxo-3alpha,10-dimethyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)-9beta-hydroxy-2,3,3abeta,4,5,8,9,11aalpha-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4alpha-yl ester	101794218	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCC(C(=CC2C1C(C(=O)O2)C)C)O)CO	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(1R,2S,4R,5S,6R,7E,10R,11S,12R)-5,6-dihydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162881704	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CC(C(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)O)C	380.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
[(1S,2R,4R,5S,7E,10S,11R,12S)-5-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	163186643	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCC(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)C	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
[(1S,2S,4R,5S,6R,10R,11R,12S)-5,6-dihydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162881706	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CC(C(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)O)C	380.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(1S,2S,4R,5S,6R,7E,10R,11R,12S)-5,6-dihydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162881705	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CC(C(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)O)C	380.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(1S,2S,4R,5S,7E,10R,11R,12S)-5-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-13-oxo-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-10-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162992627	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCC(C2(C(O2)C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C)O)C	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
[(3R,3aR,4R,9R,11aR)-9-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,10-dimethyl-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydro-3H-cyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	163013339	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCC(C(=CC2C1C(C(=O)O2)C)C)O)CO	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Guaianolides and derivatives
(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid (3R)-2,7-dioxo-3alpha,9-dimethyl-6alpha-formyl-2,3,3abeta,4,5,6,6abeta,7,9abeta,9balpha-decahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4alpha-yl ester	101794217	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)C=O	360.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(3R,3aR,4R,6S,6aR,9aR,9bR)-6-formyl-3,9-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,6,6a,9a,9b-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162868341	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)C=O	360.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3S,4aR,6aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11R,12S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol	162970550	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(C2C1C)CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C)C	428.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
(3S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,11S,12S,12aS,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol	163022471	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
(4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,11R,12S,12aS,14aS,14bS)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-one	162908157	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,11R,12S,12aS,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl] acetate	162999320	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol	14140106	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(C2C1C)CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C)C	428.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
alpha-Amyrin acetate	293754	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
Urs-12-en-3-one	612828	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
Urs-12-en-3beta-ol	225688	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91386-4
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
(14-Hydroxy-5,14-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,11-dioxatetracyclo[7.5.1.02,6.012,15]pentadec-9(15)-en-7-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	73823145	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2=C3C(CC(C3C4C1C(C(=O)O4)C)(C)O)OC2=O	376.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
(3R,3aR,4R,9aS,9bR)-3,9-dimethyl-4-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-6-carboxylic acid	162868336	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)C(=O)O	374.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
(3R,3aR,4R,9aS,9bR)-3,9-dimethyl-4-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-2,7-dioxo-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-6-carboxylic acid	53231520	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=C2C(C3C1C(C(=O)O3)C)C(=CC2=O)C)C(=O)O	374.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
[(1S,2S,5R,6R,7R,12S,14R)-14-hydroxy-5,14-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,11-dioxatetracyclo[7.5.1.02,6.012,15]pentadec-9(15)-en-7-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	163075556	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2=C3C(CC(C3C4C1C(C(=O)O4)C)(C)O)OC2=O	376.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
Eufoliatorin	21677945	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2=C3C(CC(C3C4C1C(C(=O)O4)C)(C)O)OC2=O	376.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00433A017
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
3-[3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid	348159	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6253889/
3,5-Dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid	60150332	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O	516.40	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6253889/
Chlorogenic Acid	1794427	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6253889/
Neochlorogenic acid	5280633	Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O	354.31	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6253889/
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Isoquinolones and derivatives
5-Chloro-7-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-7-methyl-3-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)isoquinoline-6,8-dione	78108622	Click to see CCC(C)C=CC1=CC2=C(C(=O)C(C(=O)C2=CN1CCO)(C)O)Cl	351.80	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6253889/
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Kaempferol	5280863	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
Patuletin	5281678	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1O)OC(=C(C2=O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O	332.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Eupafolin	5317284	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1O)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O	316.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025
Hispidulin	5281628	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1O)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.01.025

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Eupatorium perfoliatum

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