Iris missouriensis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644027b72dd25733935515 |
| Scientific name | Iris missouriensis |
| Authority | Nutt. |
| First published in | J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 58 (1834) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Ornamental horticulture: Iris missouriensis is widely cultivated as a native perennial for water gardens, pond margins, riparian meadows, and restoration plantings. The species reaches 30–80 cm in height, producing upright stems with violet‑blue to lavender petals that are attractive in cut‑flower arrangements. Its flowers attract native pollinators, supporting ecological landscaping efforts. Native plant nurseries in the western United States and Canada sell seed‑grown and rhizome‑propagated plants, marketed for low‑maintenance landscaping, rain gardens, and stormwater‑runoff control. The plant is listed in horticultural guides (e.g., “Native Perennials for Water Features” 2020) as hardy in USDA zones 3–7 and tolerant of periodic flooding.
Scientific/model‑organism use:
- Molecular phylogenetic studies of the genus Iris have repeatedly sampled I. missouriensis to infer species limits and historical biogeography of western North American taxa. Analyses of chloroplast DNA (matK, rbcL) and nuclear microsatellites have used population samples from across its range to reconstruct colonization routes and compare genetic diversity with related irises (e.g., Iris versicolor, I. pseudacorus). The species has also been included in DNA barcoding initiatives for western flora, providing reference sequences for identification in ecological surveys.
Properties relevant to use:
- Adapted to moist, seasonally saturated soils, the plant tolerates periodic flooding and grows in full sun to partial shade. Its rhizomatous habit forms dense clumps that stabilize soils, making it useful for erosion control and riparian restoration. Cold hardiness (USDA zones 3–7) and a flowering period of June–July support its integration into temperate landscapes.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Commercial material is propagated primarily by seed (which typically requires a period of cold stratification to break dormancy) or by vegetative division of mature rhizomes. Regional nursery guidelines prohibit collection from protected habitats, and state regulations in the western United States require permits for wild collection of native plants, thereby limiting harvesting of I. missouriensis from natural habitats. Certification programs for native plants (e.g., “Certified Native” labels) encourage growers to use cultivated stock, reducing pressure on wild populations and ensuring traceability of plant material.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Iris arizonica | Dykes | Gard. Chron. , ser. 3, 61: 45 (1917) |
| Iris longipetala var. montana | Baker | Handb. Irid. : 10 (1892) |
| Iris missouriensis var. albiflora | Cockerell | W. Amer. Sci. 6: 135 (1889) |
| Iris missouriensis f. angustispatha | R.C.Foster | Contr. Gray Herb. 119: 67 (1937) |
| Iris missouriensis var. arizonica | (Dykes) R.C.Foster | Contr. Gray Herb. 119: 67 (1937) |
| Iris missouriensis var. pelogonus | (Goodd.) R.C.Foster | Contr. Gray Herb. 119: 66 (1937) |
| Iris missuriensis | M.Martens | Hort. Leeuv. 1840: s.p. (1840) |
| Iris montana | Nutt. ex Dykes | Gen. Iris : 91 (1913) |
| Iris pariensis | S.L.Welsh | Great Basin Naturalist 46: 256 (1986) |
| Iris pelogonus | Goodd. | Bot. Gaz. 33: 68 (1902) |
| Iris tolmieana | Herb. | Bot. Beechey Voy. 9: 396 (1840) |
| Iris missouriensis f. alba | H.St.John | Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 96 1960 |
| Iris haematophylla var. valametica | Herb. ex Hook. | Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 206. 1839 |
| Limniris missouriensis | (Nutt.) Rodion. | Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 92: 552 (2007) |
| Dielsiris missouriensis | (Nutt.) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev | Phytotaxa 232: 65 (2015) |
| Dielsiris pariensis | (S.L.Welsh) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev | Phytotaxa 232: 65 (2015) |
| Dielsiris pelogonus | (Goodd.) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev | Phytotaxa 232: 65 (2015) |
| Dielsiris arizonica | (Dykes) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev | Phytotaxa 232: 65 (2015) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | rocky mountain iris |
| English | missouri flag |
| English | western blue flag |
| German | rocky-mountain-schwertlilie |
| Persian | زنبق میزوری |
| nv | nteelbitʼąąłánígíí |
| Chinese | 密苏里鸢尾 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Expose seeds to natural outdoor winter conditions for 3 months, then gradually increase light and temperature in the spring. |
| Requires Soaking: These seeds need to be soaked in warm water until they swell, which can take 24-48 hours. Seeds that float are usually not viable and should be discarded, along with the soaking water. |
| sow fresh or soak old seed, leave full 6 months at 4°C to get 90% germination or 4 months to get 60% germination; bring indoors once germinated to avoid temperature shock, transplant at 4 leaves |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Northern America click to expand
-
Mexico
- Mexico Northeast
-
North-central U.S.A.
- Nebraska
- South Dakota
-
Northwestern U.S.A.
- Colorado
- Idaho
- Montana
- Oregon
- Washington
- Wyoming
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South-central U.S.A.
- New Mexico
-
Southwestern U.S.A.
- Arizona
- California
- Nevada
- Utah
-
Western Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
-
Mexico
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000783633 |
| Canadensys | 6181 |
| USDA Plants | IRMI |
| Tropicos | 16600527 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:438880-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-322138 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 281159 |
| PFAF | Iris missouriensis |
| Open Tree Of Life | 74513 |
| Observations.org | 211900 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 207932 |
| Nature Serve | 2.157303 |
| IUCN Red List | 64315039 |
| IPNI | 438880-1 |
| iNaturalist | 57730 |
| GBIF | 5298923 |
| Freebase | /m/02vvf3v |
| EPPO | IRIMI |
| EOL | 490955 |
| Elurikkus | 507876 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 4356 |
| USDA GRIN | 20363 |
| Wikipedia | Iris_missouriensis |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols | |||||
| 3-[(Z)-heptadec-10-enyl]-4,5-dimethoxyphenol | 101920422 | Click to see CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)O)OC)OC | 390.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19920750509 |
| 3-Heptadec-10-enyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol | 78144896 | Click to see | 390.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19920750509 |
| 3,4-Dimethoxy-5-pentadecylphenol | 71666294 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)O)OC)OC | 364.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19920750509 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Hopanoids | |||||
| 2-(7-Hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-3-yl)prop-2-enoic acid | 53462064 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| 2-[(3aS,5aR,5bR,7S,7aS,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bS)-7-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-3-yl]prop-2-enoic acid | 128202 | Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1C(CC3(C2CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC5C(=C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)O)C)C | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| 3-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-7-ol | 4603262 | Click to see | 444.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| Missouriensin | 190486 | Click to see CC(=C)C1(CCC2(C1CCC3(C2CCC4C3(CC(C5C4(CCCC5(C)C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C)C)O | 484.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A024 |
| Missourin | 20056154 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| Zeorin | 159931 | Click to see | 444.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids | |||||
| (2Z)-2-[(2S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-[(3E,5R,7E)-5-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,7,11-trienyl]-3,4-dimethylcyclohexylidene]propanal | 162874514 | Click to see | 474.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| 2-[4-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-(5-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,7,11-trienyl)-3,4-dimethylcyclohexylidene]propanal | 75069326 | Click to see | 474.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| Isoiridogermanal | 44559084 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC(C(=CCCC1(C(C(=C(C)C=O)CCC1(C)O)CCCO)C)C)O)C)C | 474.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600750324 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Betulinic Acid | 64971 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A024 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| 7-Ketostigmasterol | 12044013 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A024 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzoquinones / P-benzoquinones | |||||
| 2-Methoxy-6-pentadecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione | 71345494 | Click to see | 348.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19920750509 |
| 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-methoxy-6-octadecyl- | 180959 | Click to see | 390.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600741023 |
| 3-Hydroxyirisquinone | 101681929 | Click to see | 390.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19920750509 |
| Irisoquin | 127797 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C(=O)C=C(C1=O)OC)O | 406.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/JPS.2600741023 |
| Pallasone A | 5928229 | Click to see | 374.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19920750509 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones | |||||
| Mangiferin | 5281647 | Click to see C1=C2C(=CC(=C1O)O)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 422.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50044A024 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones | |||||
| Irisone A | 5491929 | Click to see | 312.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50050A008 |
| Irisone B | 5387194 | Click to see | 298.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50050A008 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |