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Crocus vernus

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644028568e635363030731
Scientific name Crocus vernus
Authority (L.) Hill
First published in Veg. Syst. 10: 1 (1765)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Ixia vernalis Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 33 (1796)
Crocus acutiflorus Seidl Naturalientausch 9: 123 (1825)
Crocus appendiculatus Kern. ex Maw. Crocus : 143 (1886)
Crocus grandiflorus Hegetschw. Fl. Schw. 41.
Crocus montanus Hoppe ex Maw Crocus 152. 1886 (1886)
Crocus montenegrinus Kern. ex Maw Gard. Chron. , n.s., 16: 368 (1881)
Crocus purpureus Weston Bot. Univ. 2: 238. 1771 (1771)
Crocus pygmaeus Lojac. Fl. Sicul. 3: 58 (1909)
Crocus rubens Weston Bot. Univ. 2: 238. 1771 (1771)
Crocus sativus var. vernus L. Sp. Pl. : 36 (1753)
Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Ces. Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia 315. 1844 (1844)
Crocus vernus var. parviflorus J.Gay Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. 11: 371. 1827
Crocus vernus var. pictus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 483. 1830
Crocus vilmae Fiala Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 247 (1890)
Crocus vernus var. acutiflorus (Seidl) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 708. 1882
Crocus vernus subsp. siculus (Tineo) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 708. 1882 (1882)
Crocus heuffelianus subsp. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 708. 1882 (1882)
Crocus vernus var. puniceus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 473. 1830
Crocus vernus var. purpureus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 474. 1830
Crocus vernus var. marginatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 474. 1830
Crocus vernus var. sabinei Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 475. 1830
Crocus vernus var. grandis Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 475. 1830
Crocus vernus var. obovatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 475. 1830
Crocus vernus var. concinuus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 476. 1830
Crocus vernus var. phaeton Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 476. 1830
Crocus vernus var. maculosus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 477. 1830
Crocus vernus var. turbinatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 477. 1830
Crocus vernus var. clavatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 478. 1830
Crocus vernus var. violaceus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 478. 1830
Crocus vernus var. dubius Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 478. 1830
Crocus vernus var. pruinosus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 479. 1830
Crocus vernus var. fusiformis Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 479. 1830
Crocus vernus var. stylosus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 479. 1830
Crocus vernus var. plumbeus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 480. 1830
Crocus vernus var. inflatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 480. 1830
Crocus vernus var. tulipaceus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 480. 1830
Crocus vernus var. pallens Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 481. 1830
Crocus vernus var. minutus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 481. 1830
Crocus vernus var. pallidus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 481. 1830
Crocus vernus var. neapolitanus-praecox Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 482. 1830
Crocus vernus var. lilacinus-praecox Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 482. 1830
Crocus vernus var. fucatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 483. 1830
Crocus vernus var. dorsalis Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 484. 1830
Crocus vernus var. unguis Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 485. 1830
Crocus vernus var. unguis-major Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 485. 1830
Crocus vernus var. leucorhynchus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 485. 1830
Crocus vernus var. pulchellus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 486. 1830
Crocus vernus var. lineatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 486. 1830
Crocus vernus var. striatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 487. 1830
Crocus vernus var. glorianella Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 488. 1830
Crocus vernus var. gloriana Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 488. 1830
Crocus vernus var. propinquus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 489. 1830
Crocus vernus var. dentosus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 489. 1830
Crocus vernus var. bicolor Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 490. 1830
Crocus vernus var. reticulatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 490. 1830
Crocus vernus var. griseus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 490. 1830
Crocus vernus var. pectinatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 491. 1830
Crocus vernus var. incurvus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 491. 1830
Crocus vernus var. lineellus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 491. 1830
Crocus vernus var. obesus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 492. 1830
Crocus vernus var. crassus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 493. 1830
Crocus vernus var. andersonii Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 493. 1830
Crocus vernus var. parvulus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 493. 1830
Crocus vernus var. trilineatus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 494. 1830
Crocus vernus var. obsoletus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 494. 1830
Crocus vernus var. albus-major Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 494. 1830
Crocus vernus var. albus-minor Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 495. 1830
Crocus vernus var. delectus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 495. 1830
Crocus vernus var. alpinus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 496. 1830
Crocus vernus var. aprilis Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 497. 1830
Crocus vernus var. tardiflorus Sabine Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 497. 1830
Crocus vernus var. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Herb. Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3874. 1841
Crocus vernus var. podolicus Herb. Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3874. 1841
Crocus vernus var. communis Herb. J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271. 1847
Crocus vernus var. nivigena (Herb.) Herb. J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271. 1847
Crocus vernus var. lusitanicus Herb. Edwards's Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 84. 1843
Crocus vernus subsp. obovatus (Haw.) K.Richt. Pl. Eur. 1: 248. 1890 (1890)
Crocus vernus subsp. nivigena (Herb.) K.Richt. Pl. Eur. 1: 248. 1890 (1890)
Crocus napolitanus Loisel. Herb. Gén. Amateur 2: t. 101 1817
Crocus vernus f. intermedius Vuk. ex Beck Wiss. Mitt. Bosnien & Herzegovina 9: 96 1904
Crocus vernus f. niveus Derganc Oesterr. Bot. Z. 47: 17 1897
Crocus albiflorus Kit. ex Schult. Oestr. Fl. , ed. 2, 1: 101 (1814)
Crocus caeruleus Weston Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)
Crocus parviflorus (J.Gay) E.H.L.Krause Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2. 1: 128 (1906)
Crocus vernus subvar. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Herb. J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English spring crocus
English giant crocus
English dutch crocus, spring crocus
English dutch crocus
Arabic زعفران الربيع
Bulgarian син минзухар
Catalan safrà de muntanya
Czech šafrán jarní
Welsh saffrwm y gwanwyn
Danish vår-krokus
German weisser krokus
German frühlings-krokus
German frühlings-safran
German frühlingskrokus
German frühlingssafran
Estonian kevadine krookus
Finnish kevätsahrami
Croatian proljetni šafran
Upper Sorbian nalětnja barbička
Hungarian kerti sáfrány
Armenian քրքում գարնանային
Icelandic vorkrókus
ku pizîlaqa kûçikan
Cornish safron
Lithuanian pavasarinis krokas
Latvian pavasara krokuss
Dutch bonte krokus
Norwegian Nynorsk vårkrokus
Polish szafran wiosenny
Polish krokus wiosenny
Romanian brândușa de munte
Russian Шафран весенний
Slovak šafran bielokvetý
Slovenian pomladanski žafran
Swedish vårkrokus
Chinese 春番紅花
Chinese 荷兰番红花
Chinese 紫番紅花
Chinese 春番紅
Chinese 春番红花

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Expose seeds to natural outdoor winter conditions for 3 months, then gradually increase light and temperature in the spring.
best sown in fall; grow seedlings @ 4°C; leave in pot for 2 years before planting out

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Germany
      • Switzerland
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Italy
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000789185
Tropicos 100173699
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77238446-1
The Plant List kew-327193
GBIF 2747574
EOL 5868899
Canadensys 6174
USDA Plants CRVE4
Tropicos 16600128
INPN 93282
Flora of Italy 7051
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60461938-2
The Plant List kew-327781
Missouri Botanical Garden 281107
Open Tree Of Life 675223
NCBI Taxonomy 87752
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000002273
Nature Serve 2.157839
IPNI 60461938-2
iNaturalist 55769
GBIF 2747567
Freebase /m/0gl_7f
EPPO CVOVE
Elurikkus 4142
USDA GRIN 12271
Wikipedia Crocus_vernus
IPNI 77238446-1

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Understanding the Saffron Corm Development—Insights into Histological and Metabolic Aspects Pallotti C, Renau-Morata B, Cardone L, Nebauer SG, Albiñana Palacios M, Rivas-Sendra A, Seguí-Simarro JM, Molina RV Plants (Basel) 17-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11055066
doi:10.3390/plants13081125
PMID:38674534
Traditional Use of Wild Edible Plants in Slovenia: A Field Study and an Ethnobotanical Literature Review Papež Kristanc A, Kreft S, Strgulc Krajšek S, Kristanc L Plants (Basel) 24-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10934440
doi:10.3390/plants13050621
PMID:38475472
Which Plant Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Environment? Leotta L, Toscano S, Romano D Plants (Basel) 27-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10708222
doi:10.3390/plants12233985
PMID:38068621
An overview of analytical methods employed for quality assessment of Crocus sativus (saffron) Eghbali S, Farhadi F, Askari VR Food Chem X 14-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10740065
doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100992
PMID:38144850
Interannual variation in spring weather conditions as a driver of spring wildflower coverage: a 15-year perspective from an old-growth temperate forest Jahn LV, Carrino-Kyker SR, Burke DJ AoB Plants 14-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10727473
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plad078
PMID:38111607
Detection of botanical adulterants in saffron powder Ryparova Kvirencova J, Navratilova K, Hrbek V, Hajslova J Anal Bioanal Chem 17-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10474180
doi:10.1007/s00216-023-04853-x
PMID:37587313
Emerging Plant Intoxications in Domestic Animals: A European Perspective Nagy AL, Ardelean S, Chapuis RJ, Bouillon J, Pivariu D, Dreanca AI, Caloni F Toxins (Basel) 04-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10467095
doi:10.3390/toxins15070442
PMID:37505711
Crocus heuffelianus—A New Species for the Bulgarian Flora from Series Verni (Iridaceae) Raycheva T, Stoyanov K, Naimov S, Apostolova-Kuzova E Plants (Basel) 22-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10346320
doi:10.3390/plants12132420
PMID:37446981
Fatty Acid Composition of Dry and Germinating Pollen of Gymnosperm and Angiosperm Plants Breygina M, Voronkov A, Ivanova T, Babushkina K Int J Mol Sci 03-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10253635
doi:10.3390/ijms24119717
PMID:37298668
Phytochemistry, quality control and medicinal uses of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): an updated review Aissa R, Ibourki M, Ait Bouzid H, Bijla L, Oubannin S, Sakar EH, Jadouali S, Hermansyah A, Goh KW, Ming LC, Bouyahya A, Gharby S J Med Life 01-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10478662
doi:10.25122/jml-2022-0353
PMID:37675158
Toxicity of House Plants to Pet Animals Siroka Z Toxins (Basel) 19-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10220692
doi:10.3390/toxins15050346
PMID:37235380
Disentangling Crocus Series Verni and Its Polyploids Raca I, Blattner FR, Waminal NE, Kerndorff H, Ranđelović V, Harpke D Biology (Basel) 14-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9953621
doi:10.3390/biology12020303
PMID:36829579
Edible Flowers Used in Some Countries of the Mediterranean Basin: An Ethnobotanical Overview Motti R, Paura B, Cozzolino A, de Falco B Plants (Basel) 28-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9736219
doi:10.3390/plants11233272
PMID:36501312
From Biodiversity to Musketry: Detection of Plant Diversity in Pre-Industrial Peloponnese during the Flora Graeca Expedition Chimona C, Papadopoulou S, Kolyva F, Mina M, Rhizopoulou S Life (Basel) 23-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9785030
doi:10.3390/life12121957
PMID:36556322
Micropropagation of Citronella mucronata D. Don, a Vulnerable Chilean Endemic Tree Species Guerra F, Badilla L, Cautin R, Castro M Plants (Basel) 16-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9500790
doi:10.3390/plants11182425
PMID:36145826

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
Crocin 5281233 Click to see CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C=CC=C(C)C(=O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O 977.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2005.11.020
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Acyclic diterpenoids
Crocetin 5281232 Click to see 328.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2005.11.020
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organic oxides
Safranal 61041 Click to see CC1=C(C(CC=C1)(C)C)C=O 150.22 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2005.11.020

Gallery Top

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Collections Top

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