Details Top

Internal ID UUID644025c77aa67838786540
Scientific name Cyrtanthus elatus
Authority (Jacq.) Traub
First published in Pl. Life 25: 48 (1969)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
* **Ornamental plants:** Cyrtanthus elatus is widely cultivated as an ornamental garden plant, particularly valued for its large, trumpet-shaped, vibrantly colored flowers in shades of red, orange, and pink. It is a popular choice in gardens and landscaping within its native range (South Africa) and in other warm-temperate and Mediterranean climates worldwide. It is also grown commercially as a cut flower for the floristry trade due to its long-lasting and decorative blooms.

Industrial and craft applications:
* No specific industrial or craft applications are documented for this taxon beyond its ornamental horticulture value.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
* No edible or beverage applications are documented for this taxon.

Colorants and tanning:
* No colorant or tanning applications are documented for this taxon.

Wood and fiber:
* No wood, fiber, or derived material applications are documented for this taxon.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
* No fragrance or cosmetic applications are documented for this taxon.

Properties relevant to use:
* The primary relevant property for its ornamental use is the production of large, showy flowers, often appearing in spring or summer depending on the climate. Bulbous habit and relative ease of cultivation contribute to its suitability for garden planting and cut flower production.

Sustainability and sourcing:
* As a popular ornamental plant, significant quantities are propagated through bulb division and offsets, rather than wild harvesting. Cultivation is widespread in suitable climates, reducing pressure on wild populations. However, sustainable horticulture practices, including water-wise cultivation in drier regions, are recommended.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Vallota speciosa T.Durand & Schinz Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 258 (1894)
Vallota purpurea Herb. Appendix : 29 (1821)
Vallota grandiflora Carrière Rev. Hort. (Paris) 42: 50 (1870)
Vallota elata M.Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 4: 110 (1847)
Amaryllis elata Jacq. Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 32 (1797)
Amaryllis mexicana hort. ex Savi Fl. Ital. 3: 29 (1824)
Amaryllis purpurea Aiton Hort. Kew. 1: 417 (1789)
Amaryllis speciosa L'Hér. Sert. Angl. : 12 (1789)
Crinum speciosum L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 195 (1782)
Cyrtanthus purpureus Herb. Bot. Mag. 47: 3, t. 2113 (1819)
Cyrtanthus purpureus f. albus Baker ex Traub Pl. Life 25: 48 1969
Cyrtanthus speciosus f. albus (Baker ex Traub) Traub Pl. Life 28: 66 (1972)
Cyrtanthus speciosus f. magnificus (Baker) Traub Pl. Life 28: 66 (1972)
Vallota purpurea var. magnifica Baker Amaryllidaceae 54. 1888
Cyrtanthus purpureus (Ait.) Traub Pl. Life (Stanford) xix. 58 (1963).
Vallota eximia auct. Fl. Mag. (London) 4: t. 225 1865
Cyrtanthus speciosus (L.f.) Traub Pl. Life 28: 66 (1972)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English george lily, scarborough lily
Spanish amaryllis elata
Spanish vallota purpurea
Spanish vallota speciosa
Spanish cyrtanthus purpureus
Spanish cyrtanthus speciosus
Afrikaans george-lelie
Afrikaans knysna-lelie
Japanese キルタンサス・エラタス
Russian Валлота прекрасная
Chinese 乔治百合
Chinese 红色垂筒花

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate.
float the seeds until they sprout, then carefully plant just underneath the medium surface

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000764910
Tropicos 1201055
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:64208-1
The Plant List kew-303814
Open Tree Of Life 808523
NCBI Taxonomy 112543
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0200003730
IPNI 64208-1
iNaturalist 401233
GBIF 5325993
Freebase /m/04kvzg
EOL 1087303
USDA GRIN 452437
Wikipedia Cyrtanthus_elatus

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
The Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Tulbaghia, Allium, Crinum and Cyrtanthus: ‘Talented’ Taxa from the Amaryllidaceae Danquah CA, Minkah PA, Agana TA, Moyo P, Ofori M, Doe P, Rali S, Osei Duah Junior I, Amankwah KB, Somuah SO, Nugbemado IN, Maharaj VJ, Bhakta S, Gibbons S Molecules 13-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9316996
doi:10.3390/molecules27144475
PMID:35889346
Prophyll in Monocots: The Starting Point of Lateral Shoot Phyllotaxis Choob V Front Plant Sci 13-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9044502
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.855146
PMID:35498710
Narcissus Plants: A Melting Pot of Potyviruses Probowati W, Kawakubo S, Ohshima K Viruses 11-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8949890
doi:10.3390/v14030582
PMID:35336988
Sequence analyses of RT-PCR products obtained from seven infected leaf samples revealed existence of three potyvirus species in Indian narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L.) Raj R, Kaur C, Srivastava A, Kumar S, Raj SK 3 Biotech 11-Sep-2020
PMCID:PMC7486357
doi:10.1007/s13205-020-02418-8
PMID:32968613
Complete genome sequence analysis of Narcissus yellow stripe virus infecting Narcissus tazetta in India Raj R, Agrawal L, Kumar S, Chauhan PS, Raj SK 3 Biotech 22-Oct-2019
PMCID:PMC6805833
doi:10.1007/s13205-019-1939-6
PMID:31692678
Evolutionary Rates and Phylogeographical Analysis of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus Based on the 166 Coat Protein Gene Sequences He Z, Dong T, Wu W, Chen W, Liu X, Li L Plant Pathol J 01-Oct-2019
PMCID:PMC6788419
doi:10.5423/PPJ.OA.04.2019.0113
PMID:31632224
Full-length genome sequence of Cyrtanthus elatus virus-A isolated from Narcissus tazetta in India Raj R, Kaur C, Agrawal L, Chauhan PS, Kumar S, Raj SK 3 Biotech 09-Mar-2018
PMCID:PMC5843565
doi:10.1007/s13205-018-1189-z
PMID:29527455
A review of the early stages and host plants of the genera Eumerus and Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae), with new data on four species Ricarte A, Souba-Dols GJ, Hauser M, Marcos-García MÁ PLoS One 19-Dec-2017
PMCID:PMC5736194
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189852
PMID:29261787
The velamen radicum is common among terrestrial monocotyledons Zotz G, Schickenberg N, Albach D Ann Bot 07-Sep-2017
PMCID:PMC5714198
doi:10.1093/aob/mcx097
PMID:28961783
The phylogenetics of the global population of potato virus Y and its necrogenic recombinants Gibbs AJ, Ohshima K, Yasaka R, Mohammadi M, Gibbs MJ, Jones RA Virus Evol 02-Mar-2017
PMCID:PMC5399925
doi:10.1093/ve/vex002
PMID:28458913
Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes Chen S, Kim DK, Chase MW, Kim JH PLoS One 18-Mar-2013
PMCID:PMC3605904
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059472
PMID:23544071
The pollination niche and its role in the diversification and maintenance of the southern African flora Johnson SD Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 12-Feb-2010
PMCID:PMC2838267
doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0243
PMID:20047876
Chemistry, Biology and Medicinal Potential of Narciclasine and its Congeners Kornienko A, Evidente A Chem Rev 20-May-2008
PMCID:PMC2856661
doi:10.1021/cr078198u
PMID:18489166
Amaryllidaceae Isocarbostyril Alkaloids and Their Derivatives as Promising Antitumor Agents Ingrassia L, Lefranc F, Mathieu V, Darro F, Kiss R Transl Oncol 01-Mar-2008
PMCID:PMC2510759
doi:10.1593/tlo.08100
PMID:18607503
Alkaloide von <i>Chlidanthus fragrans</i>, <i>Vallota purpurea</i>, <i>Nerine undulata</i> und <i>Hippeastrum vittatum</i> (XI. Mitteil. über Amaryllidaceen‐Alkaloide) Hans‐G. Boit Wiley 20-May-2007
doi:10.1002/CBER.19560890509

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Amaryllidaceae alkaloids / Crinine- and Haemanthamine-type amaryllidaceae alkaloids
(1S,11R,13S,15S,18R)-15-methoxy-5,7-dioxa-12-azapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.02,10.04,8]nonadeca-2,4(8),9,16-tetraene-11,18-diol 162945733 Click to see COC1CC2C3(C=C1)C(CN2C(C4=CC5=C(C=C34)OCO5)O)O 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
(1S,11S,13S,15S,18S)-15-methoxy-5,7-dioxa-12-azapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.02,10.04,8]nonadeca-2,4(8),9,16-tetraene-11,18-diol 154496716 Click to see 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19560890509
(1S,13S,15S,18S)-15-Methoxy-5,7-dioxa-12-azapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.02,10.04,8]nonadeca-2,4(8),9,16-tetraene-11,18-diol 5282090 Click to see COC1CC2C3(C=C1)C(CN2C(C4=CC5=C(C=C34)OCO5)O)O 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
Crinamine 500027 Click to see COC1CC2C3(C=C1)C(CN2CC4=CC5=C(C=C34)OCO5)O 301.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19560890509
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
Crinan-6,11-diol, 1,2-didehydro-3-methoxy-, (3beta,5alpha,6beta,11R,13beta,19alpha)- 544807 Click to see 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19560890509
Haemanthidine 49799009 Click to see 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
Hemanthamine 441593 Click to see 301.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
Hemanthidine 3002914 Click to see 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Amaryllidaceae alkaloids / Galanthamine-type amaryllidaceae alkaloids
(-)-Galantamine 9651 Click to see 287.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
(1S,12S,14R)-9,14-dimethoxy-4-methyl-11-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[8.6.1.01,12.06,17]heptadeca-6(17),7,9,15-tetraene 163050021 Click to see 301.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
9,14-Dimethoxy-4-methyl-11-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[8.6.1.01,12.06,17]heptadeca-6(17),7,9,15-tetraene 20589472 Click to see 301.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Amaryllidaceae alkaloids / Lycorine-type amaryllidaceae alkaloids
(17R,18S)-5,7-Dioxa-12-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.02,10.04,8.015,19]nonadeca-2,4(8),9-triene-17,18-diol 443674 Click to see 289.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
(1S,17R,18S)-5,7-dioxa-12-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.02,10.04,8.015,19]nonadeca-2,4(8),9-triene-17,18-diol 118701134 Click to see 289.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
(1S,2R,3aR,12bS,12cR)-2,3,3a,4,5,7,12b,12c-Octahydro-1H-(1,3)dioxolo(4,5-j)pyrrolo(3,2,1-de)phenanthridine-1,2-diol 193339 Click to see 289.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
[(1S,15R,17R,18S,19R)-18-acetyloxy-5,7-dioxa-12-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.02,10.04,8.015,19]nonadeca-2,4(8),9-trien-17-yl] acetate 56928079 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2CCN3C2C(C1OC(=O)C)C4=CC5=C(C=C4C3)OCO5 373.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,7-epoxylignans
(1R,2R)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-[4-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-[4-[(1R,2R)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-3,4-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]propan-1-ol 158356097 Click to see 716.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(5R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17S)-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-17-[(2S)-6-methyl-5-oxoheptan-2-yl]-1,2,5,6,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 162843958 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)CCC(C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)C)C 440.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 2-benzopyrans
6-Hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2-(2-oxopropyl)-2,3,3a,9b-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-c]isochromen-5-one 71436822 Click to see CC(=O)CC1CC2C(O1)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3C(=O)O2)O)OC)OC 322.31 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00313-0
https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19560890509

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