Torilis arvensis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ff94e0a084819689947 |
| Scientific name | Torilis arvensis |
| Authority | (Huds.) Link |
| First published in | Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 265 (1821) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Fresh young leaves and shoots harvested as a wild leafy herb; dried leaves can be used as a seasoning herb.
Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- The leaves are eaten raw in salads, where they contribute a mild parsley‑like flavor and fresh texture. They can also be cooked as a potherb and added to soups, stews, or sautéed dishes, where the tender foliage softens quickly. Harvest is normally carried out in spring and early summer while the leaves are still tender; later in the season the foliage becomes tougher and less palatable. Because the flavor is subtle, the herb can be combined with stronger‑tasting greens or used as a finishing garnish without overwhelming other ingredients. The species is not cultivated for food, so culinary use relies on wild collection from untreated habitats.
Properties relevant to use:
- Young foliage is high in water content, giving it a soft, succulent mouthfeel. The flavor is described as mild, slightly sweet and reminiscent of parsley, making it suitable for both raw and cooked applications without dominating other tastes. Nutrient data reported for the species list vitamin C in the fresh leaves (Plants for a Future, 2023).
Standards and regulation:
- No specific food‑safety or quality standards exist for Torilis arvensis as a commercial commodity. Its use as a wild edible herb is therefore governed by the general food‑safety regulations that apply to all plant foods in the relevant jurisdiction (e.g., EU Regulation (EC) No 178/2002; US Food Safety Modernization Act). As a wild‑collected plant, it is subject to traceability and hygiene requirements that apply to all fresh produce in the EU and US markets.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Torilis arvensis is a widespread, common weed of temperate agricultural fields, disturbed sites and gardens throughout Europe and introduced to parts of North America and Asia (USDA PLANTS Database). Its status as a non‑threatened, abundant species allows sustainable wild collection for culinary purposes, provided harvesting is performed in areas free from herbicide or pesticide treatment. The plant produces many seeds and has a short life cycle, so regular cutting does not deplete local populations and supports ongoing availability. Because the plant produces many seeds and has a short life cycle, sustainable harvesting is generally considered feasible (USDA PLANTS Database). Its prevalence on field margins and vacant lots ensures a steady supply for foragers without competing with agricultural production.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Lappularia infesta | Pomel | Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 150 (1874) |
| Lappularia neglecta | Pomel | Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 150 (1874) |
| Ozotrix helvetica | (Jacq.) Raf. | Good Book : 54 (1840) |
| Tordylium segetum | Hort.Par. ex Schult. | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 484 (1820) |
| Torilis chlorocarpa | Spreng. | Syst. Veg. 1: 898 (1824) |
| Torilis divaricata | Moench | Suppl. Meth. : 84 (1802) |
| Torilis aglochis | Simonk. | Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 208 (1890) |
| Torilis leucorhaphis | Rech.f. & Riedl | Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 98: 223 (1961) |
| Torilis infesta | (L.) Clairville | Man. Herbor. Suisse : 78 (1811) |
| Torilis friedrichsthalii | Ces. | Reise Neu-Griechenl. 4: 280 (1838) |
| Torilis helvetica | C.C.Gmel. | Fl. Bad. 1: 617 (1805) |
| Torilis syriaca | Boiss. & C.I.Blanche | Diagn. Pl. Orient. , ser. 2, 2: 98 (1856) |
| Scandix infesta | L. | Syst. Nat. ed. 12 , 2: 732 (1767) |
| Anthriscus arvensis | Koso-Pol. | Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou , n.s., 29: 151 (1915 publ. 1916) |
| Caucalis aglochis | (Simonk.) M.Hiroe | Umbell. World : 562 (1979) |
| Caucalis angustifolia | Forssk. | Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. , Suppl.: 206 (1775) |
| Caucalis arvensis | Huds. | Fl. Angl. : 98 (1762) |
| Caucalis aspersa | Savi | Fl. Pis. 1: 290 (1798) |
| Caucalis chrysocarpa | (Boiss. & C.I.Blanche) Bornm. | Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 48: 594 (1898) |
| Caucalis divaricata | F.Heller | Fl. Wirceb. : 169 (1810) |
| Caucalis fallax | Boiss. & Balansa ex Boiss. | Fl. Orient. 2: 1086 (1872) |
| Caucalis helvetica | Jacq. | Hort. Bot. Vindob. 3: 12 (1777) |
| Caucalis infesta | Curtis | Fl. Londin. 5: t. 23 (1786) |
| Caucalis segetalis | Steud. | Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 312 (1840) |
| Caucalis segetum | Thuill. | Fl. Env. Paris , ed. 2: 136 (1799) |
| Daucus infestus | E.H.L.Krause | Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. , ed. 2, 12: 156 (1904) |
| Torilis arvensis var. elatior | Thell. | Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5(2): 1056 1926 |
| Caucalis infesta var. elatior | Gaudin | Fl. Helv. 2: 314 1828 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | spreading hedge-parsley |
| English | spreading hedgeparsley |
| Spanish | caucalis purpurea |
| Spanish | caucalis infesta subsp. heterophylla |
| Arabic | جزر شيطاني |
| Arabic | قميلة حقلية |
| Bulgarian | полски торилис |
| Catalan | pastanaga borda |
| Czech | tořice rolní |
| Welsh | troed-y-cyw ymdaenol |
| German | feld-klettenkerbel |
| German | acker-klettenkerbel |
| Esperanto | kamptoriliso |
| Persian | ماستونک |
| Dutch | akkerdoornzaad |
| Romanian | hațmațuchiul măgarului |
| Slovak | torica roľná |
| Swedish | Åkerkörvel |
| Ukrainian | Ториліс польовий |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Torilis arvensis subsp. neglecta | (Schult.) Thell. | Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5(2): 1055. 1926 (1926) |
| Torilis arvensis subsp. recta | Jury | Lagascalia 18: 282 (1996) |
| Torilis arvensis subsp. turcomanica | Geld. | Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 1645 (1985) |
| Torilis arvensis subsp. arvensis | Unknown |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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East Tropical Africa
- Tanzania
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Macaronesia
- Azores
- Canary Islands
- Madeira
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Middle Atlantic Ocean
- Saint Helena
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Northeast Tropical Africa
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
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Northern Africa
- Algeria
- Egypt
- Morocco
- Tunisia
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Southern Africa
- Cape Provinces
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East Tropical Africa
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Arabian Peninsula
- Saudi Arabia
- Yemen
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
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Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Cyprus
- East Aegean Islands
- Iran
- Iraq
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
- Turkey
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Arabian Peninsula
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Pakistan
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Indian Subcontinent
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Australasia click to expand
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New Zealand
- New Zealand North
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New Zealand
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Krym
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
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Northern Europe
- Great Britain
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Kriti
- Romania
- Sicilia
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
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Southwestern Europe
- Baleares
- Corse
- France
- Portugal
- Sardegna
- Spain
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Mexico
- Mexico Northeast
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Missouri
- Nebraska
- Oklahoma
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Indiana
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Pennsylvania
- West Virginia
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Idaho
- Oregon
- Washington
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South-central U.S.A.
- New Mexico
- Texas
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Virginia
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- California
- Utah
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Western Canada
- British Columbia
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Mexico
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Pacific click to expand
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North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
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North-central Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Brazil
- Brazil South
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Southern South America
- Argentina Northeast
- Argentina South
- Chile Central
- Uruguay
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Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000409709 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 4288 |
| Flora of Alabama | 388 |
| Canadensys | 2652 |
| USDA Plants | TOAR |
| Tropicos | 1700254 |
| INPN | 126846 |
| Flora of Italy | 3674 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:849502-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2435694 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 298977 |
| Observations.org | 2780 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 79184 |
| NBN Atlas | NHMSYS0000464491 |
| Nature Serve | 2.145910 |
| IPNI | 849502-1 |
| iNaturalist | 56846 |
| GBIF | 3034823 |
| Freebase | /m/0dsdn1c |
| EPPO | TOIAR |
| EOL | 581477 |
| Elurikkus | 353895 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 8004 |
| USDA GRIN | 36761 |
| Wikipedia | Torilis_arvensis |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| (E)-2-Methyl-6-(p-tolyl)hept-2-en-1-yl acetate | 91710637 | Click to see CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C | 260.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00053-X |
| (Z,E)-alpha-Farnesene | 5362889 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC=C(C)C=C)C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00053-X |
| [(2E)-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]hepta-2,6-dienyl] acetate | 101674067 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C | 262.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)85082-8 |
| [(2Z)-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]hepta-2,6-dienyl] acetate | 101673680 | Click to see | 262.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)85082-8 |
| beta-Cubebene | 93081 | Click to see | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00053-X |
| beta-Farnesene | 5281517 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=C)C=C)C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00053-X |
| Caryophyllene | 5281515 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00053-X |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides | |||||
| CID 24721493 | 24721493 | Click to see | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84026-1 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides | |||||
| Apigenin 7-O-glucuronide | 5319484 | Click to see | 446.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84026-1 |
| Luteolin 7-glucuronide | 5280601 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 462.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84026-1 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| Luteolin 5-glucoside | 5317471 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84026-1 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |