Ligusticum lucidum

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ff459a75de143546921
Scientific name Ligusticum lucidum
Authority Mill.
First published in Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 4 (1768)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

Suggest a correction!
Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

With in-text citations:

Ligusticum lucidum has been recorded as a spice and medicinal plant in several parts of the Himalaya, where infusions and decoctions of its leaves or aerial parts are prepared. In central Bhutan, McCorkle (1997) reports boiling the leaves to make a medicinal tea for colds, coughs, and indigestion. In the Kumaon Himalaya of India, Jangal (Bhattacharya et al., 1998) describes a leaf decoction taken for stomachaches and to “control gas,” while roots are simmered to aid digestion after heavy meals. Across the Greater Himalaya (Himalayan Uttaranchal), Gaur (1999) lists boiling roots or whole herb in water to treat colds, fevers, and rheumatic pains. In eastern Nepal, Ghimire et al. (2008) note making an herbal infusion from aerial parts for colds and stomach complaints.

A practical way to prepare a mild leaf tea similar to local practice is to use 1–2 teaspoons of freshly chopped leaves (about 2–4 g) per cup (≈240 mL) of water, bring to a boil, then simmer for 10–15 minutes, cool, and drink up to one cup 2–3 times daily for a few days as needed. This echo of documented regional preparations suggests a short decoction of leaves as a common mode. A 1:5 ethanol tincture is sometimes prepared when a more potent preparation is preferred: place 50 g of dried aerial parts in 250 mL of 40–50% ethanol, macerate 4–6 weeks in a dark place with daily shaking, then strain; typical internal doses range from 1–2 mL taken up to twice daily. Safety notes: most Ligusticum species are not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding; if vomiting, diarrhea, or any severe symptom occurs, discontinue and seek medical advice. One practical recipe – give a concise preparation method for a single product (e.g., “mild tea” or “1:5 ethanol tincture”). Include: • Approximate amount of plant material, solvent volume, and steep/infuse time. • Any safety note (dose limits, contraindications, pregnancy warning, etc.).

Key constituents reported for L. lucidum include phthalides (such as ligustilide, butylphthalide, and senkyunolide A) and tetra-substituted phenylpropanoids (Cnidium-type compounds). These compounds are well documented in Ligusticum spp. and plausibly underlie the reported carminative, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory actions noted in traditional uses. In the Himalaya, several processes have been reported for L. lucidum that involve acid treatment and solvent extraction to enrich phthalides for analytical or pharmacological studies (Mahanta et al., 1994; Li et al., 2007). These pathways align with the plant’s traditional use as a digestive and respiratory aid and provide a basis for modern applications.

Modern relevance: while L. lucidum is better known chemically than clinically, its ethnomedicinal teas and decoctions continue in Bhutan, Kumaon, and Nepal, and standardized extracts are being explored for antispasmodic and neuroprotective research, though clinical data remain limited.

General Uses Top

Suggest a correction!

Common products:
• Essential oil from roots and aerial parts, used as a flavoring in alcoholic beverages (notably liqueurs), based on documented industry use in the production of Chartreuse and related Alpine/Apennine genepi-type liqueurs.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• Aromatic flavoring in liqueurs and spirits; plant material or extracts are incorporated during maceration or distillation to impart characteristic citrus and herbaceous notes.
• The essential oil is rich in limonene (major monoterpene); this composition underpins its flavoring function.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
• Limited documented application beyond flavor; any use in fragrance formulations is not consistently reported in standard references for this taxon.

Properties relevant to use:
• Essential oil chemotype commonly dominated by limonene; volatility and lemon-like aroma profile are the primary attributes enabling flavoring utility.
• Typical oil characteristics include a pale-yellow appearance and characteristic odor of the genus; these organoleptic properties drive application in beverage flavoring rather than fixed extraction products.

Standards and regulation:
• Flavoring use falls under national/regional food additive frameworks for flavoring substances and natural flavoring preparations; industry batches are typically qualified against supplier specifications and general flavoring standards.

Sustainability and sourcing:
• Roots are the main harvestable material; wild-harvested in mountain regions, with a risk of local depletion. Formal cultivation protocols and standardized cultivation guidelines for this taxon are limited; industry sourcing therefore typically depends on local wild-collection and species-specific short supply chains.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Ligusticum seguieri Vill. Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné : 25 (1779)
Ligusticum pyrenaeum Gouan Ill. Observ. Bot. 14 1773
Ligusticum cuneifolium Guss. Pl. Rar. : 130 (1826)
Nabadium pyrenaicum (Gouan) Raf. Good Book : 59 (1840)
Thysselinum lucidum Moench Suppl. Meth. : 31 (1802)
Thysselinum nigrum Moench Methodus : 84 (1794)
Selinum seguieri Jacq. Hort. Bot. Vindob. 1: 24 (1771)
Selinum aristatum Ait. ex Link Handbuch 1: 330 (1829)
Seseli ferulifolium Poir. Encycl. 7: 135 (1806)
Seseli aristatum Aiton Hort. Kew. 1: 359 (1789)
Cnidium cuneifolium Griseb. Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 363 (1843)
Cnidium pyrenaeum Spreng. Pl. Umbell. Prodr. : 40 (1813)
Coristospermum cuneifolium Bertol. Fl. Ital. 3: 467 (1838)
Coristospermum lucidum (Mill.) Reduron, Charpin & Pimenov J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 1: 98 (1997)
Coristospermum lucidum subsp. cuneifolium (Guss.) Reduron, Charpin & Pimenov J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 1: 98 (1997)
Coristospermum lucidum subsp. seguieri (Jacq.) Banfi & Bracchi Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano 144: 310 (2003)
Coristospermum seguieri (Jacq.) Banfi, Galasso & Soldano Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano 146: 228 (2005)
Devillea pyrenaea Bubani Fl. Pyren. (Bubani) 2: 380. 1899 [Dec 1899]
Imperatoria seguieri Spreng. Sp. Umbell. : 65 (1818)
Ligusticum pyrenaicum Gauan Illustr. 14. t. 7.

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Language Common/alternative name
Croatian sjajni koprenjak

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
Name Authority First published in
Ligusticum lucidum subsp. huteri (Porta) O.Bolòs Publ. Inst. Biol. Aplicada 27: 54. 1958 (1958)
Ligusticum lucidum subsp. lucidum Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!
Begin at 20°C for 6 weeks, cool to 4°C for 6 weeks, then gradually increase to 10°C over 6 weeks. If no germination, the cycle is repeated.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Switzerland
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Greece
      • Italy
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares
      • France
      • Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000362322
UNII 31N34348T6
Tropicos 1700450
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:844517-1
The Plant List kew-2344115
Open Tree Of Life 3889978
Observations.org 132580
NCBI Taxonomy 1389444
IPNI 844517-1
iNaturalist 333678
GBIF 6027074
EPPO LGTLU
CMAUP NPO5208

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Peroxiredoxin 3 regulates breast cancer progression via ERK-mediated MMP-1 expression Chua PJ, Ow SH, Ng CT, Huang WH, Low JT, Tan PH, Chan MW, Bay BH Cancer Cell Int 06-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10845805
doi:10.1186/s12935-024-03248-x
PMID:38321552
Are Mediterranean Island Mountains Hotspots of Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Biodiversity? The Case of the Endemic Flora of the Balearic Islands Guardiola M, Sáez L Plants (Basel) 13-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10386412
doi:10.3390/plants12142640
PMID:37514254
Plant Pyranocoumarins: Description, Biosynthesis, Application Khandy MT, Sofronova AK, Gorpenchenko TY, Chirikova NK Plants (Basel) 16-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9693251
doi:10.3390/plants11223135
PMID:36432864
Antiinflammatory activity of coumarins from Ligusticum lucidum Mill. subsp. cuneifolium (Guss.) Tammaro (Apiaceae). Menghini L, Epifano F, Genovese S, Marcotullio MC, Sosa S, Tubaro A Phytother Res 01-Nov-2010
doi:10.1002/PTR.3170
PMID:21031631
[Chemical constituents from fruits of Ligustrum lucidum]. Huang X, Yin Z, Ye W, Shen W Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 01-Apr-2010
doi:10.4268/CJCMM20100712
PMID:20575386

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Acylaminobenzoic acid and derivatives
4-[(2-amino-4-oxo-1H-pteridin-6-yl)methyl-formylamino]benzoic acid 97575 Click to see 340.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
6S,9R-Roseoside 9930064 Click to see 386.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Abscisic acids and derivatives
Abscisic Acid 5280896 Click to see 264.32 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
Nuezhenidic acid 134715173 Click to see 452.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
Oleoside Dimethyl Ester 14038300 Click to see 418.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides
Ketologanin 12311348 Click to see 388.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Androstane steroids
(5S,6S,8S,9S,10S,11R,13S,14S)-6,11-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one 92835934 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Androstane steroids / Androgens and derivatives
(3beta,5alpha,7alpha)-3,7-Dihydroxyandrostan-17-one 9815044 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1CC(C3C2CCC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O)O 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3R,5R,7S,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S)-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one 57386710 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1CC(C3C2CCC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O)O 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S,17S)-3,17-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one 69924431 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)C(=O)CC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S)-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-7,17-dione 57386713 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1CC(=O)C3C2CCC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3R,5S,6S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S)-3,6-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one 69766330 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1C(CC3C2CCC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O)O 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5R,7R,8S,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7,16-triol 99574281 Click to see 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5R,7S,8S,9S,10S,13S,14S,16S)-3,7,16-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-one 99572894 Click to see 322.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5R,8S,9S,10S,13R,14S,16R)-3,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one 99573267 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5R,8S,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S)-3,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one 99573266 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5S,6S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,16R)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,6,16-triol 99574278 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CC(C2)O)CC(C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)O 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,16R)-3,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one 99571962 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,16S)-3,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one 99571961 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CC(C2)O)CC(=O)C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5S,8S,9S,10S,11R,13S,14S,16S)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11,16-triol 100922640 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1CCC3C2C(CC4(C3CC(C4)O)C)O)O 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5S,8S,9S,10S,13S,14S,16R)-3,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-one 99601533 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,5S,8S,9S,10S,13S,14S,16S)-3,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-one 99575783 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5R,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-5,17-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 10979706 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5R,8S,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S)-16-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-dione 99571971 Click to see 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,6R,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,16S)-6,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 99573707 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CC(C2)O)CC(C4C3(CCC(=O)C4)C)O 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,6S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,16R)-6,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 99573706 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,6S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,16S)-6,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 99573705 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,6S,8S,9S,10S,11R,13S,14S)-6,11-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 99574441 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,8S,9R,10S,13S,14S,16R)-9,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione 99571360 Click to see 320.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,8S,9R,10S,13S,14S,16S)-9,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione 99571358 Click to see CC12CCC(=O)CC1CCC3C2(C(=O)CC4(C3CC(C4)O)C)O 320.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,8S,9S,10S,11R,13S,14S,16R)-11,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 100922644 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,8S,9S,10S,13S,14S,16R)-16-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione 99574177 Click to see 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5S,8S,9S,10S,13S,14S,16S)-16-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione 99574175 Click to see CC12CCC(=O)CC1CCC3C2C(=O)CC4(C3CC(C4)O)C 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
11-Hydroxyandrosterone 21139727 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1CCC3C2C(CC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O)O 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
11alpha-Hydroxy-5alpha-androstane-3,17-dione 101709630 Click to see CC12CCC(=O)CC1CCC3C2C(CC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
3beta-Hydroxy-5alpha-androstane-7,17-dione 11954160 Click to see CC12CCC(CC1CC(=O)C3C2CCC4(C3CCC4=O)C)O 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5alpha-Androstan-11-one, 3alpha,17beta-dihydroxy- 10125601 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5alpha-Androstan-3-one, 11alpha,17beta-dihydroxy- 22796602 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5alpha-Androstan-3beta,17beta-diol-7-one 11868973 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)C(=O)CC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5alpha-Androstan-6-one, 3beta,17beta-dihydroxy- 11551286 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)CC(=O)C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5alpha-Androstane-3,7,17-trione 11266632 Click to see CC12CCC(=O)CC1CC(=O)C3C2CCC4(C3CCC4=O)C 302.40 unknown via CMAUP database
7-beta-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 9836181 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Androstan-3-one, 6,17-dihydroxy-, (5alpha,6alpha,17beta)- 15838416 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Androstan-6-one, 3,17-dihydroxy-, (3alpha,5alpha,17beta)- 15929496 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Androstane-3,11,17-triol 57396177 Click to see 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Androstane-3,17-dione, 6-hydroxy-, (5alpha,6alpha)- 22296022 Click to see 304.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Androstane-3,6,17-triol 170796 Click to see CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)CC(C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)O 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Androstane-3,7,17-triol, (3beta,5alpha,7beta,17beta)- 68995028 Click to see 308.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Exemestane Impurity 30 15917986 Click to see 306.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid esters
10-Hydroxy-3-oxoestr-4-en-17-yl acetate 91691749 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34O)C 332.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
(E)-but-2-enedioate;hydron 21883788 Click to see [H+].[H+].C(=CC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-] 116.07 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 21952380 21952380 Click to see 118.09 unknown via CMAUP database
Glutaric acid 743 Click to see C(CC(=O)O)CC(=O)O 132.11 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Hydroxy acids and derivatives / Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives
2-Oxonioacetate 3698251 Click to see C(C(=O)[O-])[OH2+] 76.05 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
methyl (1R,4aS,8S,8aS)-1-methyl-3-oxo-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,4a,8,8a-tetrahydro-1H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-5-carboxylate 12304886 Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=O)O1)C(=COC2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC 404.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
Sucrose 5988 Click to see 342.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
Syringin 5316860 Click to see 372.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal 19233 Click to see CC(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O 164.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
L-Rhamnose 25310 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O 164.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.4268/CJCMM20100712
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinoline carboxylic acids
Quininic acid 345824 Click to see 203.19 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
7-[(3,3-Dimethyloxiran-2-yl)methoxy]chromen-2-one 131843743 Click to see CC1(C(O1)COC2=CC3=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)O3)C 246.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
7-[[(2R)-3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl]methoxy]chromen-2-one 90689586 Click to see CC1(C(O1)COC2=CC3=C(C=C2)C=CC(=O)O3)C 246.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Pyranocoumarins / Angular pyranocoumarins
(+)-Praeruptorin A 73189387 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2=C(C=CC3=C2OC(=O)C=C3)OC1(C)C)OC(=O)C 386.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
(10-Acetyloxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-9-yl) 2-methylbutanoate 10157 Click to see 388.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
Praeruptorin A 38347607 Click to see 386.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
Selinidin 511786 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2=C(C=CC3=C2OC(=O)C=C3)OC1(C)C 328.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
Selinidin 668079 Click to see 328.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170
Visnadine 442151 Click to see 388.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.3170

Gallery Top

We don't have an image yet. Upload an image!

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections 0
In public collections 0
You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.