Spirodela polyrhiza
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Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fed4573d36351180625 |
| Scientific name | Spirodela polyrhiza |
| Authority | (L.) Schleid. |
| First published in | Linnaea 13: 392 (1839) |
Description Top
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In summary, Spirodela polyrhiza is a species of duckweed that can be found in freshwater habitats around the world. It is a fast-growing plant that forms dense colonies on the water surface. Its main uses include bioremediation, biofuel production, and animal feed. It has the ability to hyperaccumulate heavy metals and remove pollutants from wastewater. While it is not commonly used for human consumption due to concerns about heavy metal accumulation, it has potential for use in bioethanol production and as a feed for small-scale agriculture.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Lemna bannatica | Waldst. & Kit. ex Schleid. | Linnaea 13: 392 (1839) |
| Lemna major | Griff. | Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 216 (1851) |
| Lemna maxima | Blatt. & Hallb. | J. Indian Bot. 2: 49 (1921) |
| Lemna orbicularis | Kit. ex Schult. | Oestr. Fl. , ed. 2, 1: 64 (1814) |
| Lemna orbiculata | Roxb. | Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 565 (1832) |
| Lemna polyrhiza | L. | Sp. Pl. : 970 (1753) |
| Lemna thermalis | P.Beauv. ex Nutt. | Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 19 (1818) |
| Lemna transsilvanica | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 635 (1866) |
| Lemna umbonata | A.Braun ex Hegelm. | Lemnac. : 156 (1868) |
| Lenticula polyrhiza | (L.) Lam. | Fl. Franç. 2: 189 (1779) |
| Spirodela atropurpurea | Friche-Joset & Montandon | Syn. Fl. Jura 309. 1856 |
| Spirodela maxima | (Blatt. & Hallb.) McCann | J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 158 (1942) |
| Spirodela polyrrhiza var. masonii | Daubs | Illinois Biol. Monogr. 34: 13 1965 |
| Telmatophace orbicularis | (Kit. ex Schult.) Schur | Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 70 (1853) |
| Telmatophace polyrhiza | (L.) Godr. | Fl. Lorraine 3: 18 (1844) |
| Lemna polyrrhiza var. concolor | Kurz | J. Bot. 5: 115 1867 |
| Lemna obcordata | P.Beauv. | Numer. List [Wallich] n. 5201 (Quid ?). [1831-32] |
| Lemna thermalis | P.Beauv. | J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 102, 113 1816 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | giant duckweed |
| English | great duckmeat |
| English | great duckweed |
| English | greater duckweed |
| Spanish | lenteja de agua |
| Arabic | عدس الماء |
| Azerbaijani | adi üzgəcotu |
| Belarusian | Многакарэннік звычайны |
| Bulgarian | многокоренчеста спиродела |
| Czech | závitka mnohokořenná |
| Welsh | llinad mawr |
| German | vielwurzelige teichlinse |
| German | vielwurzlige teichlinse |
| Estonian | hulgajuurine vesilääts |
| Persian | عدسک آبی پرریشه |
| Finnish | isolimaska |
| Finnish | silmuisolimaska |
| French | lenticule à plusieurs racines |
| French | lentille deau à plusieurs racines |
| Upper Sorbian | mnohokorjenaty křěk |
| Armenian | Բադիճուռ |
| Armenian | բազմարմատիկ |
| Icelandic | vatnadoppa |
| Japanese | 萍 |
| Japanese | 浮草 |
| Japanese | ウキクサ |
| Korean | 개구리밥 |
| Lithuanian | daugiašakė maurė |
| Macedonian | Меѓукоренеста спиродела |
| Dutch | veelwortelig kroos |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | storandemat |
| Punjab | بطخ بوٹی |
| Slovak | spirodelka mnohokoreňová |
| Swedish | stor andmat |
| Thai | แหนเป็ดใหญ่ |
| Chinese | 紫萍 |
| Chinese | 浮萍 |
| Chinese | 水萍 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
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Macaronesia
- Madeira
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Northeast Tropical Africa
- Chad
- Ethiopia
- Sudan
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Northern Africa
- Egypt
- Morocco
- Tunisia
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South Tropical Africa
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
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Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Free State
- Kwazulu-Natal
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West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Ghana
- Ivory Coast
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Togo
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West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Rwanda
- Zaïre
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East Tropical Africa
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Manchuria
- Qinghai
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
- Taiwan
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
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Russian Far East
- Kamchatka
- Khabarovsk
- Kuril Islands
- Primorye
- Sakhalin
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Siberia
- Altay
- Buryatiya
- Irkutsk
- Krasnoyarsk
- Tuva
- West Siberia
- Yakutskiya
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Western Asia
- Iran
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
- Turkey
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Caucasus
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Bangladesh
- India
- Nepal
- Sri Lanka
- West Himalaya
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Indo-China
- Thailand
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Malesia
- Borneo
- Christmas Island
- Cocos (keeling) Islands
- Jawa
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Malaya
- Maluku
- Philippines
- Sulawesi
- Sumatera
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Indian Subcontinent
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Australasia click to expand
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Australia
- New South Wales
- Norfolk Island
- Northern Territory
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Victoria
- Western Australia
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Australia
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- North European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Great Britain
- Ireland
- Norway
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Kriti
- Romania
- Sicilia
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
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Southwestern Europe
- Corse
- France
- Portugal
- Sardegna
- Spain
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- New Brunswick
- Nova Scotia
- Prince Edward Island
- Québec
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Mexico
- Mexican Pacific Islands
- Mexico Central
- Mexico Gulf
- Mexico Northeast
- Mexico Northwest
- Mexico Southeast
- Mexico Southwest
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Minnesota
- Missouri
- Nebraska
- North Dakota
- Oklahoma
- South Dakota
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Colorado
- Idaho
- Montana
- Oregon
- Washington
- Wyoming
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South-central U.S.A.
- New Mexico
- Texas
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Virginia
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- Arizona
- California
- Nevada
- Utah
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Western Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Manitoba
- Saskatchewan
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Eastern Canada
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Pacific click to expand
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North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
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North-central Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Caribbean
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Haiti
- Jamaica
- Leeward Islands
- Puerto Rico
- Trinidad-Tobago
- Windward Islands
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Central America
- Belize
- Central American Pacific
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Nicaragua
- Panamá
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Western South America
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Peru
-
Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000313527 |
| UNII | BJS9J628MG |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 947 |
| Flora of Alabama | 4387 |
| Canadensys | 6493 |
| USDA Plants | SPPO |
| Tropicos | 18100004 |
| INPN | 124707 |
| Flora of Italy | 7870 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-194600 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 814207 |
| Observations.org | 7512 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 29656 |
| NBN Atlas | NHMSYS0000463934 |
| Nature Serve | 2.145456 |
| IUCN Red List | 164229 |
| IPNI | 526250-1 |
| iNaturalist | 57867 |
| GBIF | 4097481 |
| Freebase | /m/0crj3qv |
| WisFlora | 5140 |
| EPPO | SPIPO |
| Elurikkus | 466259 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 11091 |
| USDA GRIN | 400337 |
| Wikipedia | Spirodela_polyrhiza |
| CMAUP | NPO25547 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_024713555.1 | Salk_sp9512.v2 | Chromosome | The Salk Institute for Biological Studies | 2022-10-03 | 60.0x | 133.94 Mb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters / Fatty acid methyl esters | |||||
| Methyl Laurate | 8139 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC | 214.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Methyl palmitate | 8181 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC | 270.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols | |||||
| Methyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate | 8840 | Click to see CCCCCCC(CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC)O | 314.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides | |||||
| Erucamide | 5365371 | Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N | 337.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Oleamide | 5283387 | Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)N | 281.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones | |||||
| Apigenin | 5280443 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 270.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Luteolin | 5280445 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O | 286.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides | |||||
| Isovitexin | 162350 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides | |||||
| Homo-orientin | 5382105 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Orientin | 5281675 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Vitexin | 5280441 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 44257792 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Apigenin 7-O-glucoside | 5385553 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Apigenin-7-O-Glucoside | 12304093 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Apigetrin | 5280704 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Luteolin 7-O-glucoside | 5280637 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |