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Trichilia pallida

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ffeb1d1c65554336740
Scientific name Trichilia pallida
Authority Sw.
First published in Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. : 67 (1788)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
The heartwood and sapwood of Trichilia pallida are used as timber for small‑scale construction (poles, beams, rafters) and carpentry, especially in rural and agricultural buildings. The dense wood, when seasoned, is also commonly employed as fuelwood for domestic cooking and heating.

Industrial and craft applications:
The fine‑grained, moderately hard wood is fashioned into tool handles, small furniture pieces, and carved objects. Local artisans use the timber for decorative items, and the wood chips and sawdust are occasionally processed for small‑scale pulp or as a substrate for rudimentary paper production.

Properties relevant to use:
The wood exhibits a moderate density and hardness that provide adequate strength for structural applications while remaining workable with hand tools. Natural phenolic extractives give the timber modest resistance to fungal decay, extending the service life of untreated components. Low resin content facilitates clean machining and finishing.

Standards and regulation:
In the Caribbean nations where the species occurs, the timber is graded and traded under national forestry regulations that align with international wood‑testing standards such as ISO 13061 (physical and mechanical properties of wood) and ISO 14044 (life‑cycle assessment) for sustainable sourcing. Harvesting is subject to permits intended to prevent over‑exploitation.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Trichilia pallida is harvested from wild stands across the Greater Antilles and adjacent islands; commercial volumes are modest and supply is localized. Sustainable management recommendations include selective stem removal, a minimum diameter‑at‑breast‑height threshold before cutting, and promotion of natural regeneration to maintain population viability. Community‑based forest‑management programs in Haiti and the Dominican Republic have documented adherence to these practices.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Trichilia montana Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 7: 226 (1825)
Trichilia microphylla Walp. Ann. Bot. Syst. 4: 389 (1857)
Trichilia mollis C.DC. Fl. Bras. 11(1): 202 (1878)
Trichilia brachystachya Klotzsch ex C.DC. Monogr. Phan. 1: 650 (1878)
Trichilia brasiensis P.T.Li & X.M.Chen Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22: 496 (1984)
Trichilia trinitensis A.Juss. Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 19: 279. 1831
Trichilia weddelii C.DC. Fl. Bras. 11(1): 201 (1878)
Trichilia pauciflora Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 280 (1927)
Trichilia skutchii P.H.Allen Rain For. Golfo Dulce : 410 (1956)
Trichilia subsimplex Steyerm. Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 279 (1952)
Trichilia montana var. acutivalvis C.DC. Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 5: 422 (1905)
Trichilia montana var. fendleriana C.DC. Monogr. Phan. 1: 654 (1878)
Portesia trinitensis M.Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 116 (1846)
Portesia montana M.Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 115 (1846)
Pholacilia trinitensis Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. I. : 130 (1859)
Guarea obtusifolia Lam. Encycl. 3: 6 (1789)
Hedwigia simplicifolia Spreng. Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 3: 24 (1822)
Trichilia excelsa Benth. Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 368. 1851
Trichilia flava C.DC. Fl. Bras. 11(1): 203 (1878)
Trichilia gigantophylla Harms Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 246 (1928)
Trichilia goudotiana Triana & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 5, 15: 366 (1872)
Trichilia macrophylla Benth. Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 369 (1851)
Trichilia peruviana C.DC. Monogr. Phan. 1: 654 (1878)
Trichilia riedelii C.DC. Fl. Bras. 11(1): 202 (1878)
Trichilia weddellii var. parvifolia C.DC. Fl. Bras. 11(1): 201 (1878)
Portesia echinocarpa de Vriese Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1: 251 (1848)
Trichilia echinocarpa Walp. Ann. Bot. Syst. 2: 227 (1852)
Portesia ovata Cav. Diss. 7: 369 (1789)
Trichilia simplicifolia Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 69 (1826)
Trichilia portoricensis Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 68 (1826)
Trichilia diversifolia A.Juss. Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 19: 237, 278. 1831
Portesia diversifolia M.Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 116 (1846)
Portesia simplicifolia M.Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 115 (1846)
Pholacilia diversifolia Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. I. : 130 (1859)
Trichilia weddellii var. stylosa C.DC. Fl. Bras. 11(1): 201 (1878)
Trichilia laminensis Barb.Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: 89 (1907)
Trichilia triphylla S.F.Blake Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 243 (1919)
Trichilia truncata Leonard J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 68. 1927
Trichilia davisii Sandwith Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 329 (1933)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English gaita
Spanish cedrillo

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Southeast
      • Mexico Southwest
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
      • Brazil Northeast
      • Brazil South
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Haiti
      • Leeward Islands
      • Puerto Rico
      • Trinidad-Tobago
      • Windward Islands
    • Central America
      • Belize
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua
      • Panamá
    • Northern South America
      • French Guiana
      • Guyana
      • Suriname
      • Venezuela
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Paraguay
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000455741
USDA Plants TRPA2
Tropicos 20400274
INPN 630833
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579573-1
The Plant List kew-2515473
Open Tree Of Life 957670
NCBI Taxonomy 597422
IUCN Red List 122658722
IPNI 579573-1
iNaturalist 287096
GBIF 3190491
EOL 592301

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Rare Ophiuroid-Type Steroid 3β,21-, 3β,22-, and 3α,22-Disulfates from the Slime Sea Star Pteraster marsippus and Their Colony-Inhibiting Effects against Human Breast Cancer Cells Kicha AA, Malyarenko TV, Kuzmich AS, Malyarenko OS, Kalinovsky AI, Popov RS, Tolkanov DK, Ivanchina NV Mar Drugs 12-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10820953
doi:10.3390/md22010043
PMID:38248668
Height and crown allometries and their relationship with functional traits: An example from a subtropical wet forest Yang J, Swenson NG Ecol Evol 14-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9929110
doi:10.1002/ece3.9804
PMID:36818529
Demographic trade-offs and functional shifts in a hurricane-impacted tropical forest Umaña MN, Needham J, Forero-Montaña J, Nytch CJ, Swenson NG, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Zimmerman JK Ann Bot 25-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC10457028
doi:10.1093/aob/mcad004
PMID:36702550
Bark production of generalist and specialist species across savannas and forests in the Cerrado Chiminazzo MA, Bombo AB, Charles-Dominique T, Fidelis A Ann Bot 18-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC10147323
doi:10.1093/aob/mcad014
PMID:36651635
Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia Ahmad Z, Yadav V, Shahzad A, Emamverdian A, Ramakrishnan M, Ding Y Front Plant Sci 18-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC9436273
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.905444
PMID:36061770
A Comprehensive Review of the Coffee Leaf Miner Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)—A Major Pest for the Coffee Crop in Brazil and Others Neotropical Countries Dantas J, Motta IO, Vidal LA, Nascimento EF, Bilio J, Pupe JM, Veiga A, Carvalho C, Lopes RB, Rocha TL, Silva LP, Pujol-Luz JR, Albuquerque ÉV Insects 17-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8707027
doi:10.3390/insects12121130
PMID:34940218
Prototyping a Knowledge-Based System to Identify Botanical Extracts for Plant Health in Sub-Saharan Africa Silvie PJ, Martin P, Huchard M, Keip P, Gutierrez A, Sarter S Plants (Basel) 29-Apr-2021
PMCID:PMC8146496
doi:10.3390/plants10050896
PMID:33946682
Cabbage Production in West Africa and IPM with a Focus on Plant-Based Extracts and a Complementary Worldwide Vision Mondédji AD, Silvie P, Nyamador WS, Martin P, Agboyi LK, Amévoin K, Ketoh GK, Glitho IA Plants (Basel) 11-Mar-2021
PMCID:PMC7998567
doi:10.3390/plants10030529
PMID:33799877
Ecological quality of a forest in a state of succession based on structural parameters: A case study in an evergreen Amazonian-Andean forest, Ecuador García-Quintana Y, Arteaga-Crespo Y, Torres-Navarrete B, Robles-Morillo M, Bravo-Medina C, Sarmiento-Rosero A Heliyon 30-Jul-2020
PMCID:PMC7394865
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04592
PMID:32775736
Dataset of permanent plots of trees with dbh >10cm in Mashpi rainforest biodiversity reserve, a remnant of the Chocó forest in Northern Ecuador Toasa G, Morochz C, Oleas NH Data Brief 12-Jun-2020
PMCID:PMC7327807
doi:10.1016/j.dib.2020.105845
PMID:32637474
Screening of plants from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest led to the identification of Athenaea velutina (Solanaceae) as a novel source of antimetastatic agents Almeida AA, Lima GD, Simão MV, Moreira GA, Siqueira RP, Zanatta AC, Vilegas W, Machado‐Neves M, Bressan GC, Leite JP Int J Exp Pathol 26-May-2020
PMCID:PMC7370850
doi:10.1111/iep.12351
PMID:32452573
Opportunities and Scope for Botanical Extracts and Products for the Management of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) for Smallholders in Africa Rioba NB, Stevenson PC Plants (Basel) 06-Feb-2020
PMCID:PMC7076698
doi:10.3390/plants9020207
PMID:32041322
Biological Activities of Gedunin—A Limonoid from the Meliaceae Family Braga TM, Rocha L, Chung TY, Oliveira RF, Pinho C, Oliveira AI, Morgado J, Cruz A Molecules 23-Jan-2020
PMCID:PMC7037920
doi:10.3390/molecules25030493
PMID:31979346
Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Amazon Plants on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Brevicoryne brassicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Laboratory, Semifield, and field trials Cerda H, Carpio C, Ledezma-Carrizalez AC, Sánchez J, Ramos L, Muñoz-Shugulí C, Andino M, Chiurato M J Insect Sci 16-Oct-2019
PMCID:PMC6794192
doi:10.1093/jisesa/iez068
PMID:31616937
Prenylated flavonoid-enriched fraction from Maclura tinctoria shows biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus and protects Galleria mellonella larvae from bacterial infection das Chagas Almeida A, Azevedo Rodrigues L, dos Santos Paulino G, Pereira Aguilar A, Andrade Almeida A, Olavo Ferreira S, Brandão GC, Viana Leite JP, de Oliveira Barros Ribon A BMC Complement Altern Med 29-Jul-2019
PMCID:PMC6664575
doi:10.1186/s12906-019-2600-y
PMID:31357964

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids / Limonoids
24-Norchola-1,5,20,22-tetraene-4-carboxylic acid, 11-(acetyloxy)-14,15,21,23-diepoxy-6-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-3,7-dioxo-12-(1-oxopropoxy)-, methyl ester, (4beta,11beta,12alpha,13alpha,14beta,15beta,17alpha)- 44145739 Click to see 596.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
Hirtin 21592281 Click to see CCC(=O)OC1C(C2C3(C=CC(=O)C(C3=C(C(=O)C2(C45C1(C(CC4O5)C6=COC=C6)C)C)O)(C)C(=O)OC)C)OC(=O)C 596.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
methyl (1R,2R,4R,6S,7R,8R,9R,10R,11R,15R)-6-(furan-3-yl)-9,17-dihydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-14,18-dioxo-8-propanoyloxy-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 21592282 Click to see 554.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
methyl (1R,2R,4R,6S,7R,8R,9R,10R,11R,15R)-9-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-17-hydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-8-[(2R)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-14,18-dioxo-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 163188579 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2C3(C=CC(=O)C(C3=C(C(=O)C2(C45C1(C(CC4O5)C6=COC=C6)C)C)O)(C)C(=O)OC)C)OC(=O)C 624.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
methyl (1R,2R,4R,6S,7R,8R,9R,10R,11S,15R)-9-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-17-hydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-14,18-dioxo-8-propanoyloxy-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 162907301 Click to see 596.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
methyl (1R,2R,4R,6S,7R,8R,9R,10R,15R)-9-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-17-hydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-14,18-dioxo-8-propanoyloxy-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 163186836 Click to see CCC(=O)OC1C(C2C3(C=CC(=O)C(C3=C(C(=O)C2(C45C1(C(CC4O5)C6=COC=C6)C)C)O)(C)C(=O)OC)C)OC(=O)C 596.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
Methyl 6-(furan-3-yl)-9,17-dihydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-14,18-dioxo-8-propanoyloxy-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 73809277 Click to see CCC(=O)OC1C(C2C3(C=CC(=O)C(C3=C(C(=O)C2(C45C1(C(CC4O5)C6=COC=C6)C)C)O)(C)C(=O)OC)C)O 554.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
Methyl 9-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-17-hydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-14,18-dioxo-8-propanoyloxy-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 73809276 Click to see 596.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
Methyl 9-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-17-hydroxy-1,7,11,15-tetramethyl-8-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)-14,18-dioxo-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadeca-12,16-diene-15-carboxylate 73197344 Click to see 624.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP010197O
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Dihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
(3S,10R,13S)-17-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 162862820 Click to see CC(C)C(=C)CC(C(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)O 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
17-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 75964136 Click to see 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Trihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
(3S,4R,10R,13S)-17-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,4-diol 162965080 Click to see CC(C)C(=C)CC(C(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4O)O)C)C)O 430.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
17-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,4-diol 85813903 Click to see 430.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(1S,3R,6S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R)-7-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol 162877128 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
(1S,3R,6S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(E,2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol 10072071 Click to see 442.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
(1S,3R,6S,12S,15R,16R)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-[(2R)-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol 25125720 Click to see 440.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CBDV.201000011
(1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(E,2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.0^{1,3.0^{3,8.0^{12,16]octadecan-6-ol 496638 Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C 442.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
15-(7-Hydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol 14314543 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
24-Methylenecholesterol 92113 Click to see 398.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013
Ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3beta-ol 314582 Click to see CC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C 398.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2008000600013

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