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Swietenia humilis

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400519163a9020590883
Scientific name Swietenia humilis
Authority Zucc.
First published in Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 2: 355 (1837)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Wood and fiber:
Swietenia humilis produces a commercial-quality timber marketed under regional trade names such as “caoba del Pacífico” (Pacific mahogany). Sawn wood is used for furniture, cabinetry, millwork, interior joinery, flooring, boat hulls, and fine craftwork; it is also processed into veneer and engineered products. The wood has a generally high density, good dimensional stability, and finishes well; these properties enable high-end joinery and marine applications and support turning and carving for craft goods. Heartwood is reddish brown with interlocked grain and fine to medium texture, characteristic of commercial mahogany timbers.
Industrial and craft applications:
Wood is kiln-dried and planed for furniture factories and cabinet shops; rotary and sliced veneers are produced for architectural paneling and high-grade millwork. Pieces with wavy or interlocked figure are prized for specialty applications. Sustainable sources rely on managed natural stands or plantations; overharvesting of wild trees is a concern due to slow growth and uneven regeneration.
Colorants and tanning:
Heartwood contains extractives that confer a characteristic reddish color; these are primarily employed visually rather than as a defined dye, and no established tannin use is reported for this taxon.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No verified uses are documented for essential oil or fragrance in S. humilis.
Food and beverages; colorants and tanning; common products; properties relevant to use; standards and regulation; sustainability and sourcing:
No other established commercial or industrial uses are documented. The species is listed in CITES Appendix II, and exports from range countries may be restricted or require permits under national timber-trade legislation; importers are advised to verify legal and CITES-compliant sourcing.

Typical applications derive from the wood’s density, dimensional stability, natural durability, and finishing qualities; physical and mechanical characteristics are consistent with those reported for other commercial Swietenia species used in high-value joinery and marine contexts.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Swietenia multijuga Schiede Linnaea 4: 578 (1829)
Swietenia cirrhata S.F.Blake J. Washington Acad. Sci. 10: 292 (1920)
Swietenia bijuga P.Preuss Exped. C.-Südamer. 112, 408 1901

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English honduras mahogany
English mexican mahogany
English pacific coast mahogany
Spanish caoba
Spanish caoba de honduras
Spanish caoba de pacifico
Spanish caoba del pacífico
Spanish coabilla
Spanish cóbano
Spanish gateado
Spanish venadillo
Spanish zapatón
Spanish zopilote
Bulgarian ниско махагоново дърво
Chinese 墨西哥桃花心木
Chinese 矮桃花心木

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Central
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Northeast
      • Mexico Northwest
      • Mexico Southeast
      • Mexico Southwest
  • Southern America
    • Central America
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000505132
UNII JKU22OLP43
Tropicos 20400655
INPN 447327
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579276-1
The Plant List kew-2601505
Open Tree Of Life 360646
NCBI Taxonomy 62884
IUCN Red List 32954
IPNI 579276-1
iNaturalist 285644
GBIF 3849992
Freebase /m/02y_p4j
EOL 6953196
USDA GRIN 35954
Wikipedia Swietenia_humilis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Opening the black box: explainable deep-learning classification of wood microscopic image of endangered tree species Zheng C, Liu S, Wang J, Lu Y, Ma L, Jiao L, Guo J, Yin Y, He T Plant Methods 24-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11044446
doi:10.1186/s13007-024-01191-6
PMID:38659006
Vascular Plant Species Inventory of Mexico’s Revillagigedo National Park: Awareness of Alien Invaders as a Sine Qua Non Prerequisite for Island Conservation Domínguez-Meneses A, Martínez-Gómez JE, Mejía-Saulés T, Acosta-Rosado I, Stadler S Plants (Basel) 30-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10575041
doi:10.3390/plants12193455
PMID:37836194
Long‐distance gene flow in Acacia senegal: Hope for disturbed and fragmented populations Omondi SF, Githae EW, Khasa DP Ecol Evol 12-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10337015
doi:10.1002/ece3.10292
PMID:37449018
Modulatory Effect of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Constituents on ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels (KATP) in Diabetes Al Kury LT Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 31-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10142548
doi:10.3390/ph16040523
PMID:37111281
How Does Changing Environment Influence Plant Seed Movements as Populations of Dispersal Vectors Decline? Hernandez JO, Naeem M, Zaman W Plants (Basel) 27-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10097094
doi:10.3390/plants12071462
PMID:37050088
Chemical characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potentials of Swietenia mahagoni Syame SM, Mohamed SM, Elgabry EA, Darwish YA, Mansour AS AMB Express 15-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9200926
doi:10.1186/s13568-022-01406-w
PMID:35705723
The Prospects of Swietenia macrophylla King in Skin Care Mahendra CK, Goh KW, Ming LC, Zengin G, Low LE, Ser HL, Goh BH Antioxidants (Basel) 06-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9137607
doi:10.3390/antiox11050913
PMID:35624777
Development, characterization, functional annotation and validation of genomic and genic-SSR markers using de novo next generation sequencing in Melia dubia Cav. Annapurna D, Warrier RR, Arunkumar AN, Aparna R, Sreedevi CN, Joshi G 3 Biotech 04-Jun-2021
PMCID:PMC8178428
doi:10.1007/s13205-021-02858-w
PMID:34109095
Mexican Plants and Derivates Compounds as Alternative for Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain Treatment—A Review Quiñonez-Bastidas GN, Navarrete A Plants (Basel) 25-Apr-2021
PMCID:PMC8145628
doi:10.3390/plants10050865
PMID:33923101
Chemical Compounds and Biologic Activities: A Review of Cedrela Genus Nogueira TS, Passos MD, Nascimento LP, Arantes MB, Monteiro NO, Boeno SI, de Carvalho Junior A, Azevedo OD, Terra WD, Vieira MG, Braz-Filho R, Curcino Vieira IJ Molecules 18-Nov-2020
PMCID:PMC7699174
doi:10.3390/molecules25225401
PMID:33218181
Molecules Isolated from Mexican Hypoglycemic Plants: A Review Escandón-Rivera SM, Mata R, Andrade-Cetto A Molecules 10-Sep-2020
PMCID:PMC7571036
doi:10.3390/molecules25184145
PMID:32927754
Nutraceutical Vegetable Oil Nanoformulations for Prevention and Management of Diseases Vergallo C Nanomaterials (Basel) 24-Jun-2020
PMCID:PMC7353093
doi:10.3390/nano10061232
PMID:32599957
The recent use of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. as antidiabetes type 2 phytomedicine: A systematic review Sukardiman, Ervina M Heliyon 10-Mar-2020
PMCID:PMC7068623
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03536
PMID:32190758
Physical environmental conditions determine ubiquitous spatial differentiation of standing plants and seedbanks in Neotropical riparian dry forests De León Ibarra A, Mariano NA, Sorani V, Flores-Franco G, Rendón Alquicira E, Wehncke EV PLoS One 13-Mar-2019
PMCID:PMC6415903
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212185
PMID:30865660
De novo transcriptome sequencing and SSR markers development for Cedrela balansae C.DC., a native tree species of northwest Argentina Torales SL, Rivarola M, Gonzalez S, Inza MV, Pomponio MF, Fernández P, Acuña CV, Zelener N, Fornés L, Hopp HE, Paniego NB, Marcucci Poltri SN PLoS One 07-Dec-2018
PMCID:PMC6285271
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203768
PMID:30532149

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids / Limonoids
[(1R,2R,4S,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,15S,17S)-15-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-9-(furan-3-yl)-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 162954579 Click to see 614.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1R,2S,4R,5R,9S,10S,13S,14R,15R,17R)-15-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 162844999 Click to see 630.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1S,2R,4R,5S,9R,10R,13R,14S,15S,17S)-1-acetyloxy-15-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-9-(furan-3-yl)-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 162982955 Click to see 684.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1S,2R,4S,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,15S,17S)-15-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 10054765 Click to see 630.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
[(1S,2R,4S,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,15S,17S)-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-15-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 95224380 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C35C(C1(C2=O)O)O5)CC(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)CC(=O)OC)(C)C 572.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1S,2R,4S,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,15S,17S)-9-(Furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 11758095 Click to see 588.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1S,2R,4S,5R,9R,10S,13R,14S,15S,17R)-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 101680401 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C35C(C1(C2=O)O)O5)CC(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)O)(C)C 588.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50099A016
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199708)11:5<354::AID-PTR101>3.0.CO;2-6
[(1S,2S,4S,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,15S,17S)-15-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 101680402 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C35C(C1(C2=O)O)O5)CC(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)OC(=O)C)(C)C 630.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50099A016
[(1S,2S,4S,9R,10R,14S,15S,17S)-1-acetyloxy-9-(furan-3-yl)-15-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 162885153 Click to see 614.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
[15-(1-Acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 85105197 Click to see 630.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
[9-(Furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-15-(1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 73088165 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C35C(C1(C2=O)O)O5)CC(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)O)(C)C 588.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
[9-(Furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-15-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-17-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 75111054 Click to see 572.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
Humilin B 45359982 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C35C(C1(C2=O)O)O5)CC(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)CC(=O)OC)(C)C 572.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
methyl 2-[(1S,2R,4S,9R,10R,14S,15S,17S)-17-acetyloxy-9-(furan-3-yl)-1-hydroxy-10,14,16,16-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-3,8-dioxapentacyclo[12.3.1.02,4.04,13.05,10]octadecan-15-yl]acetate 162884890 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C35C(C1(C2=O)O)O5)CC(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)CC(=O)OC)(C)C 544.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones
[(1R,2S,5R,6R,10R,13R,14S,16S)-16-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 10651585 Click to see 626.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1R,5R,6R,13R,14S,16S)-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 162917515 Click to see 568.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
[(1R,5R,6R,13R,14S,16S)-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 162937033 Click to see 556.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
methyl (2R)-2-acetyloxy-2-[(1R,2R,5R,6S,10S,13R,14S,16S)-14-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-16-yl]acetate 162847315 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C3=CC1(C2=O)O)CC(=O)OC4C5=COC=C5)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)OC(=O)C)(C)C 586.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
methyl (2R)-2-acetyloxy-2-[(1R,2S,5R,6R,10S,13R,14S,16S)-14-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-16-yl]acetate 10257769 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C3=CC1(C2=O)O)CC(=O)OC4C5=COC=C5)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)OC(=O)C)(C)C 586.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50099A016
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
methyl 2-[(1R,5R,6R,13R,14S,16S)-14-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-16-yl]acetate 44715600 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C3=CC1(C2=O)O)CC(=O)OC4C5=COC=C5)C)C)CC(=O)OC)(C)C 528.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
Methyl 2-acetyloxy-2-[14-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-13-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-16-yl]acetate 162847314 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C3=CC1(C2=O)O)CC(=O)OC4C5=COC=C5)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)OC(=O)C)(C)C 586.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans
[(1R,2S,5R,6R,10S,13R,14S,16S)-13-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 10461386 Click to see 610.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50099A016
[(1R,2S,5R,6R,10S,13R,14S,16S)-13-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 163187019 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C3=CC1(C2=O)OC(=O)C)CC(=O)OC4C5=COC=C5)C)C)CC(=O)OC)(C)C 610.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
[(1R,2S,5R,6R,10S,13S,14R,16S)-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 20056336 Click to see 556.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00364-1
[(1R,5R,6R,13R,14S,16S)-13-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 162966230 Click to see 610.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
[(1R,5R,6R,13R,14S,16S)-13-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 163100483 Click to see 598.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004
[13-Acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-11-en-14-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 85149477 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(C3=CC1(C2=O)OC(=O)C)CC(=O)OC4C5=COC=C5)C)C)CC(=O)OC)(C)C 610.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006460.25281.9D
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2014.11.004

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