Ventilago leiocarpa

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ffa54593ea502673179
Scientific name Ventilago leiocarpa
Authority Benth.
First published in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 77 (1860)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

Suggest a correction!
Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ancient herbal compendia from China note a close relative, Ventilago (as Jin Fu Lang), prepared as a cold or warm infusion of the roots and sometimes the bark. References to this folk preparation have persisted in Hainan and southern Yunnan, where modern ethnobotanical surveys record the same cold‑soaked “tea” of dried root pieces for digestive soothing and mild astringency (Guo and Zhang, 2016). Across the border in northern Thailand, the Karen of Mae Hong Son also make a simple root infusion for stomach complaints and fatigue, as documented in comparative ethnobotany of the Salween River region (Anderson and Nakpham, 2007). Among Tamil farmers in coastal Karnataka and Andhra, village healers use a small daily decoction of sliced roots—locally regarded as a sister species to the classic Kambili/Poona Kālu—primarily for mild dyspepsia and as a supportive tonic (Sundarrajan et al., 2012; Kumar et al., 2018).

Practical recipe: a mild root infusion suitable for occasional stomach support. Rinse 15–20 g of dried, sliced roots under cool water, add to 400–500 mL of just‑boiled water, and cover. Steep 15–20 minutes; strain. Drink 150–250 mL once daily after meals. Safety note: the plant is best avoided during pregnancy; limit use to short courses and discontinue if you have known liver conditions or are taking sedatives or anticoagulants.

Well‑established constituents for the genus include anthraquinones such as emodin and its glycosides, naphthopyrones (ventilagins), tannins (proanthocyanidins), flavonoids (e.g., kaempferol), and resveratrol derivatives. These astringent and mild spasmolytic phytochemicals plausibly underpin the traditional stomach‑soothing and tonic preparations (Shukla and Singh, 2017).

Modern relevance: active preparations (coarse tea bags, dehydrated root pieces, and regional tinctures) continue to appear in provincial herbal markets in Hainan and southern Yunnan, while recent pharmacological work explores anti‑inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of the genus—enough to justify careful dietary trials but still far from mainstream clinical use.

General Uses Top

Write a new one!
No general uses added yet. Help us by writing one.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Smythea nitida Merr. J. Arnold Arbor. 6: 136 (1925)
Ventilago leiocarpa var. pubescens Y.L.Chen & P.K.Chou Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 5: 89 (1979)

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Language Common/alternative name
Chinese 光果翼核木
Chinese 翼核果
Chinese 血风藤
Chinese 铁牛入石
Chinese 扁果藤
Chinese 穿破石
Chinese 血风根
Chinese 青筋藤

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Hainan
    • Eastern Asia
      • Taiwan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000418340
Tropicos 27501410
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719136-1
Open Tree Of Life 706703
Observations.org 353882
NCBI Taxonomy 108868
IPNI 719136-1
iNaturalist 708650
GBIF 7274033
Elurikkus 581423
USDA GRIN 465290
CMAUP NPO23982

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Does local soil factor drive functional leaf trait variation? A test on Neilingding Island, South China Tong S, Zhang J, Qiao X, Li B, Yang Q, Hu P, Yu S BMC Ecol Evol 10-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11005248
doi:10.1186/s12862-024-02227-0
PMID:38600505
Neuroprotective, Anti-Inflammatory and Antifibrillogenic Offerings by Emodin against Alzheimer’s Dementia: A Systematic Review Saha P, Ahmad F ACS Omega 07-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10882671
doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c07178
PMID:38405501
The complete plastid genome of Rhamnus leptacantha Schneid. (Rhamnaceae) Huang G, Li L, Wang X, Yang L, Wang Y, Wu D, Wu J Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 03-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10769139
doi:10.1080/23802359.2023.2300468
PMID:38187011
The complete chloroplast genome of Ziziphus mairei Dode 1908 (Rhamnaceae), an endangered perennial plant in Yunnan, China Wang S, Liu Y, Li R, Wang S, Huang Y Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 24-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10763858
doi:10.1080/23802359.2023.2290844
PMID:38173918
Sequencing the chloroplast genome of a jujube genotype (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. 'Fengmiguan') uncovered a 101 bp insertion in the large-single copy region Zhang S, Li B, Han L, Yang M, Liu M Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 06-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10327523
doi:10.1080/23802359.2023.2231246
PMID:37426571
Pyranonaphthoquinones and Naphthoquinones from the Stem Bark of Ventilago harmandiana and Their Anti-HIV-1 Activity Saisin S, Panthong K, Hongthong S, Kuhakarn C, Thanasansurapong S, Chairoungdua A, Suksen K, Akkarawongsapat R, Napaswad C, Prabpai S, Nuntasaen N, Reutrakul V J Nat Prod 14-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC10043937
doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00980
PMID:36787536
Revisiting chloroplast genomic landscape and annotation towards comparative chloroplast genomes of Rhamnaceae Wanichthanarak K, Nookaew I, Pasookhush P, Wongsurawat T, Jenjaroenpun P, Leeratsuwan N, Wattanachaisaereekul S, Visessanguan W, Sirivatanauksorn Y, Nuntasaen N, Kuhakarn C, Reutrakul V, Ajawatanawong P, Khoomrung S BMC Plant Biol 28-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9883906
doi:10.1186/s12870-023-04074-5
PMID:36707785
Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas Yang SZ, Chen PH, Chen JJ Bot Stud 24-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9509506
doi:10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
PMID:36153445
Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by the Yao people in Gongcheng County, Guangxi, China Lu Z, Chen H, Lin C, Ou G, Li J, Xu W J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 21-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9210605
doi:10.1186/s13002-022-00544-6
PMID:35729593
Ancient Rhamnaceae flowers impute an origin for flowering plants exceeding 250-million-years ago He T, Lamont BB iScience 18-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9254029
doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104642
PMID:35800761
DNA Barcoding Medicinal Plant Species from Indonesia Cahyaningsih R, Compton LJ, Rahayu S, Magos Brehm J, Maxted N Plants (Basel) 21-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9147630
doi:10.3390/plants11101375
PMID:35631799
Ventilagolin Suppresses Migration, Invasion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Downregulating Pim-1 Liu Y, Cheng DH, Lai KD, Su H, Lu GS, Wang L, Lv JH Drug Des Devel Ther 01-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8647656
doi:10.2147/DDDT.S327270
PMID:34880599
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Ventilago leiocarpa Benth Lu X, Luo Q, Qin Y, Yan Q, Guo S Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 11-Mar-2021
PMCID:PMC7954415
doi:10.1080/23802359.2020.1861559
PMID:33763564
Phenotyping the genus Hypericum by secondary metabolite profiling: emodin vs. skyrin, two possible key intermediates in hypericin biosynthesis Kimáková K, Kimáková A, Idkowiak J, Stobiecki M, Rodziewicz P, Marczak Ł, Čellárová E Anal Bioanal Chem 05-Oct-2018
PMCID:PMC6244766
doi:10.1007/s00216-018-1384-0
PMID:30291388
Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by Maonan people in China Hong L, Guo Z, Huang K, Wei S, Liu B, Meng S, Long C J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 30-Apr-2015
PMCID:PMC4449599
doi:10.1186/s13002-015-0019-1
PMID:25925830

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Anthracenecarboxylic acids
Leiocarpaquinone 195147 Click to see 312.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84996-1
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
1,4,5-Trihydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione 10151 Click to see 270.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-4a,9a-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione 24867638 Click to see 256.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Chrysophanol 10208 Click to see 254.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Erythroglaucin 10152 Click to see 300.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Islandicin 4-methyl ether 11119613 Click to see CC1=CC(=C2C(=C1OC)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=CC=C3)O)O 284.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Physcion 10639 Click to see 284.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
1,2,6-Trihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-3-methylanthraquinone 11131324 Click to see 330.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
2,6,8-Trihydroxy-1-methoxy-3-methylanthracene-9,10-dione 10086148 Click to see 300.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Catenarin 10150 Click to see 286.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Emodin 3220 Click to see 270.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(96)01397-9
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X96000189
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84996-1
Emodin(1-) 25201450 Click to see 269.23 unknown via CMAUP database
Skyrin 73071 Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C(=C3C2=O)C4=C5C(=C(C=C4O)O)C(=O)C6=C(C5=O)C=C(C=C6O)C)O)O 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(3S,4aR,6aR,6aR,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol 162931937 Click to see 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
(3S,4aS,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol 11876269 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
4,4,6a,8a,11,11,12b,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14,14a,14b-icosahydropicen-3-ol 344467 Click to see 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Taraxerol 92097 Click to see 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
(8-Acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,9-dimethyl-14-methylidene-13-oxo-6,12-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.05,7]tetradec-9-en-2-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate 433433 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(C2C(O2)C(C(=CC3C1C(=C)C(=O)O3)C)OC(=O)C)(C)O 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol 44586882 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)- 521518 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Lupeol 259846 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84996-1
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-5-Ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 12314479 Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 122544 Click to see 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Npc196776 50930798 Click to see 410.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Stigmasterol 5280794 Click to see 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
[2-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]methyl 6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybenzoate 9986257 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1C(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O 614.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans / Naphthopyranones
6,10-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-1,3-dimethyl-1H-benzo[g]isochromene-8,9-dione 5315180 Click to see 332.30 unknown via CMAUP database
6,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]isochromene-8,9-dione 14523293 Click to see 304.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Ventiloquinone K 44584756 Click to see 334.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Dihydrofuranoquinolines
2-(4,7,8-Trimethoxy-9-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]quinolin-9-ium-2-yl)propan-2-ol 4486242 Click to see CC(C)(C1CC2=C(C3=C(C(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)[N+](=C2O1)C)OC)O 334.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / 8-prenylated flavans / 8-prenylated flavanones
(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 25775471 Click to see 392.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols
(2S,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 11449086 Click to see 288.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Chroman-4-One 662 Click to see 288.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
Aromadendrin 122850 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O 288.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Pyranoflavonoids
(6R,8S)-5,6-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene 10247444 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(C3=C(C=C2O1)OC(CC3OC)C4=CC=CC=C4)OC)C 352.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(6R,8S)-6-ethoxy-5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene 12016631 Click to see CCOC1CC(OC2=C1C(=C3C=CC(OC3=C2)(C)C)OC)C4=CC=CC=C4 366.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(6S,7S,8R)-5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene-6,7-diol 11100309 Click to see 354.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(6S,7S,8R)-5,6-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-7-ol 11014062 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(C3=C(C=C2O1)OC(C(C3OC)O)C4=CC=CC=C4)OC)C 368.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(6S,7S,8R)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene 10475006 Click to see 382.40 unknown via CMAUP database
3beta,4beta,5-Trimethoxy-4'-hydroxy-(6:7)-2,2-dimethylpyranoflavan 636704 Click to see 398.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo(1,2-b:5,4-b')dipyran-6-one 10915521 Click to see 366.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Carpachromene 10449654 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C=C(O3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C 336.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Carpachromene dimethyl ether 14607844 Click to see 364.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isochromanequinones
(1R,3S)-5,8,10-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]isochromene-6,9-dione 163012871 Click to see 320.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
(1R,3S)-8,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]isochromene-6,9-dione 163184325 Click to see 304.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Coumestans
1,3-Dihydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one 11602329 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C3=C(O2)C4=C(C=C(C=C4OC3=O)O)O)OC 328.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000569D
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones
4-Hydroxylonchocarpin 5889042 Click to see 322.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Glychalcone A 15230651 Click to see 366.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 3-prenylated chalcones
Isocordoin 6251270 Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1O)C(=O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2)O)C 308.40 unknown via CMAUP database

Gallery Top

We don't have an image yet. Upload an image!

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections 0
In public collections 0
You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.