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Internal ID UUID644016159d57b054089318
Scientific name Delphinium geyeri
Authority Greene
First published in Erythea 2: 189 (1894)

Description Top

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Delphinium geyeri, also known as plains larkspur or foothills larkspur, is a species of plant in the Ranunculaceae family. It is infamous for its toxicity, which can be fatal for cattle grazing in the spring. This has led to it also being called poisonweed by ranchers. The plant is medium to tall in size and has striking blue flowers, making it a popular choice for native plant gardens. It is mainly found in Wyoming, with populations also in northern Colorado, northeastern Utah, and parts of Nebraska. The plant has been described and studied since the 1800s, and its toxicity is caused by various alkaloids. While it is highly toxic to cattle and humans, sheep and horses are more resistant. The town of Larkspur, Colorado, is named after this plant.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Delphinium geyeri f. viscidum (Rydb.) Ewan Univ. Colorado Stud., Ser. D, Phys. Sci. 2: 177 (1945)
Delphinium viscidum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 39: 322 (1912)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English geyer's larkspur
Chinese 怀俄明翠雀花

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Nebraska
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Wyoming
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Utah

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000640110
USDA Plants DEGE2
Tropicos 27100386
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77370-2
The Plant List kew-2759805
Open Tree Of Life 931145
NCBI Taxonomy 157985
Nature Serve 2.152640
IPNI 77370-2
iNaturalist 161666
GBIF 3033705
EPPO DELGE
EOL 473833
USDA GRIN 13442
Wikipedia Delphinium_geyeri

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Title Authors Publication Released IDs
PSII-17 Sheep Foraging Relative to Stock Density, Time of Day, and Sheep Type in a Poisonous Plant Context Kersh A, Scasta JD, Derner JD, Fraley H, Stewart WC J Anim Sci 06-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10633493
doi:10.1093/jas/skad281.570
The effect of alkaloid composition of larkspur (Delphinium) species on the intoxication of Angus heifers Green BT, Gardner DR, Pfister JA, Welch KD, Bennett GL, Cook D J Anim Sci 17-Feb-2019
PMCID:PMC6396257
doi:10.1093/jas/skz004
PMID:30772897
An agent-based model of cattle grazing toxic Geyer's larkspur Jablonski KE, Boone RB, Meiman PJ PLoS One 22-Mar-2018
PMCID:PMC5864015
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194450
PMID:29566054
Genus: Calanthe to Cyrtosia Teoh ES Medicinal Orchids of Asia 05-Nov-2015
PMCID:PMC7123092
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24274-3_9
Alkaloids from Delphinium geyeri. Three new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids Jonas A. Grina, Daniel R. Schroeder, Edward T. Wydallis, Frank R. Stermitz American Chemical Society (ACS) 17-Mar-2005
doi:10.1021/JO00353A023
Three New Toxic Norditerpenoid Alkaloids from the Low Larkspur <i>Delphinium nuttallianum</i>. Dale R. Gardner, Gary D. Manners, Kip E. Panter, Stephen T. Lee, James A. Pfister American Chemical Society (ACS) 26-Jul-2002
doi:10.1021/NP000473J
Three new toxic norditerpenoid alkaloids from the low larkspur Delphinium nuttallianum. Gardner DR, Manners GD, Panter KE, Lee ST, Pfister JA J Nat Prod 01-Aug-2000
doi:10.1021/NP0000116
PMID:10978210
The characterization and structure-activity evaluation of toxic norditerpenoid alkaloids from two Delphinium species. Manners GD, Panter KE, Pfister JA, Ralphs MH, James LF J Nat Prod 01-Sep-1998
doi:10.1021/NP980013E
PMID:9748371

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Aconitane-type diterpenoid alkaloids
(6-Acetyloxy-11-ethyl-8,9-dihydroxy-4,16,18-trimethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl)methyl 2-(3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)benzoate 73819222 Click to see CCN1CC2(CCC(C34C2C(C(C31)(C5(CC(C6CC4C5C6OC)OC(=O)C)O)O)OC)OC)COC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7N8C(=O)CC(C8=O)C 710.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0000116
[(1S,2R,3R,4S,5R,6S,8R,9S,10S,13S,16S,17R,18S)-6-acetyloxy-11-ethyl-8,9-dihydroxy-4,16,18-trimethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl]methyl 2-[(3S)-3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl]benzoate 100915313 Click to see CCN1CC2(CCC(C34C2C(C(C31)(C5(CC(C6CC4C5C6OC)OC(=O)C)O)O)OC)OC)COC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7N8C(=O)CC(C8=O)C 710.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0000116
[(1S,2S,4S,5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,13S,16S,18S)-6-acetyloxy-11-ethyl-8,9-dihydroxy-4,16,18-trimethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl]methyl 2-[(3S)-3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl]benzoate 138404357 Click to see CCN1CC2(CCC(C34C2C(C(C31)(C5(CC(C6CC4C5C6OC)OC(=O)C)O)O)OC)OC)COC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7N8C(=O)CC(C8=O)C 710.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP980013E
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000473J
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Villanovane, atisane, trachylobane or helvifulvane diterpenoids / Atisane diterpenoids / Hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids
(10,16-Dihydroxy-5-methyl-12-methylidene-3-oxo-7-azaheptacyclo[9.6.2.01,8.05,17.07,16.09,14.014,18]nonadecan-19-yl) 2-methylbutanoate 73657594 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C3C4C56C1C3(CC2=C)CC7(C5C(CC(=O)C6)(CN47)C)O)O 427.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00353A023
(16,19-Dihydroxy-5-methyl-12-methylidene-3-oxo-7-azaheptacyclo[9.6.2.01,8.05,17.07,16.09,14.014,18]nonadecan-10-yl) acetate 73801705 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C2C(C3C4(C1C5C36CC(=O)CC7(C6C(C4)(N5C7)O)C)CC2=C)O 385.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00353A023
(4-Acetyloxy-3,10,16-trihydroxy-5-methyl-12-methylidene-7-azaheptacyclo[9.6.2.01,8.05,17.07,16.09,14.014,18]nonadecan-19-yl) 2-methylbutanoate 73657595 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C3C4C56C1C3(CC2=C)CC7(C5C(CN47)(C(C(C6)O)OC(=O)C)C)O)O 487.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00353A023

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