Berberis lycium
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64400ccb0ec68996336473 |
| Scientific name | Berberis lycium |
| Authority | Royle |
| First published in | Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. : 64 (1834) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Natural yellow dye. Root, stem, and bark of Berberis lycium yield the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, used in the Indian subcontinent to produce a yellow dye for wool and silk. The dye is obtained via standard mordanting procedures; it binds to protein fibers and shows good fastness to light and washing when properly mordanted. The coloration stems from berberine’s cationic character and planarity, enabling complexation with wool/silk proteins.
Properties relevant to use:
Berberine (C20H18NO4+; molar mass 336.36 g/mol) is water-soluble in acidic media and can be extracted with hot water or alcohol; it imparts a bright lemon-yellow hue and provides fair to good lightfastness and washfastness on protein fibers when alum or other mordants are used. The dye behaves as a substantive/ionic colorant with good substantivity for wool and silk, and a lower affinity for cotton unless a mordanting system is employed.
Standards and regulation:
National textile and dye standards in India and Pakistan govern natural dyes in terms of color fastness testing and quality grading (e.g., BIS 686 and similar fastness protocols; ISO 105 textile color fastness methods used in certification). No product-specific standard for berberine dye from Berberis lycium is recognized as universal.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Berberis afghanica | Schneider | Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 5: 455 (1905) |
| Berberis angustifolia | Roxb. | Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 2: 183 (1832) |
| Berberis aurahuacensis | hort. ex Hook.f. | Bot. Mag. 115: sub t. 7075 in syn. 1889 |
| Berberis heteracantha | Ahrendt | J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 57: 87 (1961) |
| Berberis lycium var. simlensis | Ahrendt | J. Roy. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 11: 1 1945 |
| Berberis lycium var. subfasciculatum | Ahrendt | J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 57: 88 1961 |
| Berberis lycium var. subvirescens | Ahrendt | J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 57: 89 1961 |
| Berberis vulgaris f. lycium | (Royle) Parsa | Fl. Iran 2: 340 (1986) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Azerbaijani | İtitikanşəkilli zirinc |
| Chinese | 枸杞小檗 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Western Asia
- Afghanistan
-
Western Asia
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- East Himalaya
- India
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- West Himalaya
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000563482 |
| UNII | FX8735J5YL |
| Tropicos | 3500010 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:106865-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2674093 |
| PFAF | Berberis lycium |
| Open Tree Of Life | 1032872 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 659594 |
| IUCN Red List | 169271521 |
| IPNI | 106865-1 |
| GBIF | 3982173 |
| EPPO | BEBLU |
| USDA GRIN | 6909 |
| Wikipedia | Berberis_lycium |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Protoberberine alkaloids and derivatives | |||||
| (14S)-16,17-dimethoxy-14-(trichloromethyl)-5,7-dioxa-13-azapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,8.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2,4(8),9,15(20),16,18-heptaene | 92170520 | Click to see | 454.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80415-7 |
| (8S)-2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-8-(trichloromethyl)-6,8-dihydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline | 163070972 | Click to see | 470.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80415-7 |
| 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-8-(trichloromethyl)-6,8-dihydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline | 5250176 | Click to see | 470.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80415-7 |
| 8-Trichloromethyldihydroberberine | 320713 | Click to see | 454.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80415-7 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds | |||||
| 20,21,25-Trimethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo(22.6.2.23,6.18,12.114,18.027,31.022,33)hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8,10,12(34),18,20,22(33),24,26,31-dodecaen-9-ol | 10170 | Click to see | 608.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| Berbamine | 275182 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=C(O3)C(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)OC)O)OC | 608.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| Oxyacanthine | 442333 | Click to see | 608.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| Oxycanthine | 371257 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C(C=CC(=C5)CC6C7=CC(=C(C=C7CCN6C)OC)O3)O)OC)OC | 608.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Benzylisoquinolines | |||||
| (1S)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-((4-(2-hydroxy-5-(((1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl)phenoxy)phenyl)methyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-7-isoquinolinol | 440585 | Click to see | 596.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/R-1983-03-0425 |
| 1-[[4-[2-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-7-ol | 163034539 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2C1CC3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=C(C=CC(=C4)CO)O)O)OC | 421.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/R-1983-03-0425 |
| 3-[4-[[(1S)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde | 102267542 | Click to see | 638.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50022A001 |
| 3-[4-[[6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde | 163023865 | Click to see | 638.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| 4-[5-[[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenoxy]benzaldehyde | 102512444 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2C1CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)C=O)OC5=C(C=C6CCN(C(=O)C6=C5)C)OC)OC)OC | 638.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| 4-[5-[[6,7-dimethoxy-8-[(6-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-7-yl)oxy]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenoxy]benzaldehyde | 162975683 | Click to see | 638.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| 4-Hydroxy-3-[4-[(11-methoxy-6,19-dimethyl-20-oxo-2,13-dioxa-6,19-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.016,21]docosa-1(14),3,9,11,15,21-hexaen-5-yl)methyl]phenoxy]benzaldehyde | 163023134 | Click to see | 592.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| 4-hydroxy-3-[4-[[(1S)-7-[(7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]benzaldehyde | 102148948 | Click to see | 610.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/R-1983-03-0425 |
| 4-hydroxy-3-[4-[[(5S)-11-methoxy-6,19-dimethyl-20-oxo-2,13-dioxa-6,19-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.016,21]docosa-1(14),3,9,11,15,21-hexaen-5-yl]methyl]phenoxy]benzaldehyde | 101428301 | Click to see | 592.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50022A001 |
| Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-[4-[(11-methoxy-6,19-dimethyl-20-oxo-2,13-dioxa-6,19-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.016,21]docosa-1(14),3,9,11,15,21-hexaen-5-yl)methyl]phenoxy]benzoate | 162842958 | Click to see | 622.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| methyl 4-hydroxy-3-[4-[[(5S)-11-methoxy-6,19-dimethyl-20-oxo-2,13-dioxa-6,19-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.016,21]docosa-1(14),3,9,11,15,21-hexaen-5-yl]methyl]phenoxy]benzoate | 162842959 | Click to see | 622.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/S(B)-1982-01-0063 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Isoquinolones and derivatives | |||||
| Oxyberberine | 11066 | Click to see | 351.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80415-7 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |