Protea cynaroides
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64404c3ab70fd005390473 |
| Scientific name | Protea cynaroides |
| Authority | (L.) L. |
| First published in | Mant. Pl. 2: 190 (1771) |
Description Top
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Protea cynaroides, also known as the king protea, is a unique flowering plant found in the southwestern and southern regions of South Africa. It is a distinctive member of the Protea genus, known for its large flower head, and is also referred to as giant protea, honeypot, or king sugar bush. This plant is not only the national flower of South Africa, but it is also the flagship of the Protea Atlas Project, a conservation effort by the South African National Botanical Institute. With 81 recognized garden varieties, the king protea has a range of colors, including a creamy yellow form. It is a popular choice for flower arrangements and can also be dried for decorative purposes. Adapted to survive wildfires, this plant has a thick underground stem with dormant buds that produce new growth after a fire. The name Protea comes from the Greek god Proteus, known for his ability to change forms, and the specific epithet cynaroides refers to the artichoke-like appearance of the flower heads. This woody shrub has tough, leathery leaves and large, showy flower heads that attract nectarivorous birds and insects. It is also an important part of the fynbos ecosystem, where it
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Protea cyclophylla | Gand. & Schinz | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 54 (1913) |
| Protea eriolepis | Gand. & Schinz | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 54 (1913) |
| Protea woodwardii | Endl. | Gen. Pl. , Suppl. 4(2): 77 (1848) |
| Scolymocephalus cynarodes | Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 581 (1891) |
| Erodendrum cynaraeflorum | Knight | Cult. Prot. : 43 (1809) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | giant protea |
| English | mountain rose |
| English | king protea flower |
| English | king protea |
| Afrikaans | waterprotea |
| Afrikaans | suikerkan |
| Afrikaans | reuseprotea |
| Afrikaans | aprilprotea |
| Afrikaans | bergsuikerkan |
| Afrikaans | grootsuikerkan |
| Afrikaans | heuningpot |
| Afrikaans | koningprotea |
| Afrikaans | koningsprotea |
| Afrikaans | koningsuikerbos |
| Arabic | بروطيا خرشوفية |
| Bulgarian | артишокова протея |
| Persian | گل شکرپاره |
| Finnish | kuningasprotea |
| Japanese | キングプロテア |
| Dutch | koningsprotea |
| Punjab | راچی |
| Russian | Протея артишоковая |
| Chinese | 蓟花山龙眼 |
| Chinese | 普羅蒂亞花 |
| Chinese | 帝王花 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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Southern Africa
- Cape Provinces
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Southern Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001106756 |
| USDA Plants | PRCY2 |
| Tropicos | 26500440 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705744-1 |
| The Plant List | tro-26500440 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 285621 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 967321 |
| Observations.org | 206393 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 273540 |
| IUCN Red List | 113204772 |
| IPNI | 705744-1 |
| iNaturalist | 132848 |
| GBIF | 5637947 |
| Freebase | /m/04bt6 |
| EPPO | PRWCY |
| EOL | 5512832 |
| Elurikkus | 209675 |
| USDA GRIN | 29797 |
| Wikipedia | Protea_cynaroides |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_028583415.1 | ASM2858341v1 | Chromosome | University of Pretoria | 2023-02-10 | 60.0x | 1.14 Gb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
| Title | Authors | Publication | Released | IDs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characterization of Colletotrichum Species Infecting Litchi in Hainan, China | Cao X, Li F, Xu H, Li H, Wang S, Wang G, West JS, Wang J | J Fungi (Basel) | 24-Oct-2023 |
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| Multi-Locus Phylogenetic Analysis Revealed the Association of Six Colletotrichum Species with Anthracnose Disease of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Saudi Arabia | Alhudaib K, Ismail AM, Magistà D | J Fungi (Basel) | 27-Jun-2023 |
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| Nine new species of black lichenicolous fungi from the genus Cladophialophora (Chaetothyriales) from two different climatic zones of China | Chang R, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li S, Zhao G, Zhang S, Dai M, Zheng X, Bose T, Si H | Front Microbiol | 16-Jun-2023 |
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| Ornamental plants associated with Buddhist figures in China | Xu X, Yan C, Ma Z, Wang Q, Zhao J, Zhang R, He L, Zheng W | J Ethnobiol Ethnomed | 25-May-2023 |
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| Micropropagation of Citronella mucronata D. Don, a Vulnerable Chilean Endemic Tree Species | Guerra F, Badilla L, Cautin R, Castro M | Plants (Basel) | 16-Sep-2022 |
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| Pest categorisation of Colletotrichum aenigma , C. alienum , C. perseae , C. siamense and C. theobromicola | Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Migheli Q, Vloutoglou I, Czwienczek E, Maiorano A, Streissl F, Reignault PL | EFSA J | 25-Aug-2022 |
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| Fatal Bronchopneumonia and Tracheitis in a Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Caused by Serratia proteamaculans | Hall J, Bender H, Miller N, Thompson P | Animals (Basel) | 25-Jul-2022 |
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| Characterization of Four New Compounds from Protea cynaroides Leaves and Their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Potential | Yalo M, Makhaba M, Hussein AA, Sharma R, Koki M, Nako N, Mabusela WT | Plants (Basel) | 30-Jun-2022 |
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| Enhancing In Vitro Production of the Tree Fern Cyathea delgadii and Modifying Secondary Metabolite Profiles by LED Lighting | Tomaszewicz W, Cioć M, Dos Santos Szewczyk K, Grzyb M, Pietrzak W, Pawłowska B, Mikuła A | Cells | 30-Jan-2022 |
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| Red Light Enhances the Antioxidant Properties and Growth of Rubus hongnoensis | Oh HE, Yoon A, Park YG | Plants (Basel) | 26-Nov-2021 |
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| Rapid diagnostics for Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (syn. Gnomoniopsis castaneae) in chestnut nuts: new challenges by using LAMP and real-time PCR methods | Vettraino AM, Luchi N, Rizzo D, Pepori AL, Pecori F, Santini A | AMB Express | 12-Jul-2021 |
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| Filtering Light-Emitting Diodes to Investigate Amber and Red Spectral Effects on Lettuce Growth | Wu BS, MacPherson S, Lefsrud M | Plants (Basel) | 27-May-2021 |
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| New and Interesting Fungi. 4 | Crous PW, Hernández-Restrepo M, Schumacher RK, Cowan DA, Maggs-Kölling G, Marais E, Wingfield MJ, Yilmaz N, Adan OC, Akulov A, Duarte EÁ, Berraf-Tebbal A, Bulgakov TS, Carnegie AJ, de Beer ZW, Decock C, Dijksterhuis J, Duong TA, Eichmeier A, Hien LT, Houbraken JA, Khanh TN, Liem NV, Lombard L, Lutzoni FM, Miadlikowska JM, Nel WJ, Pascoe IG, Roets F, Roux J, Samson RA, Shen M, Spetik M, Thangavel R, Thanh HM, Thao LD, van Nieuwenhuijzen EJ, Zhang JQ, Zhang Y, Zhao LL, Groenewald JZ | Fungal Syst Evol | 28-Apr-2021 |
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| Bot Gummosis of Lemon (Citrus × limon) Caused by Neofusicoccum parvum | Aloi F, Riolo M, Parlascino R, Pane A, Cacciola SO | J Fungi (Basel) | 14-Apr-2021 |
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| Phenotypic, Nutritional, and Antioxidant Characterization of Blanched Oenanthe javanica for Preferable Cultivar | Kumar S, Li G, Huang X, Ji Q, Zhou K, Hou H, Ke W, Yang J | Front Plant Sci | 19-Feb-2021 |
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |