Poa annua
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440321c65727825702008 |
| Scientific name | Poa annua |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 68 (1753) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Scientific and model organism use:
Poa annua is used as a model annual grass for genetics, weed ecology, and turfgrass management because its life cycle can be completed in 6–12 weeks under controlled conditions, allowing rapid generation turnover. It serves as a system for investigating the molecular basis of herbicide resistance; several studies have characterized resistance mechanisms in natural populations of Poa annua. Whole‑genome sequencing of Poa annua has produced a reference assembly that supports comparative genomics within Poaceae and gene discovery for stress tolerance and seed biology. The species is also employed in phenological research on flowering‑time responses to temperature and photoperiod, with datasets contributed to climate‑impact modeling platforms. Open‑access resources such as the Poaceae Genome Hub host transcriptomic data, genome assemblies, and marker sets for Poa annua, facilitating community research.
Properties relevant to use:
Poa annua has a short life cycle (6–12 weeks from germination to seed set), enabling quick experimental turnaround. It produces large numbers of seed (several thousand per plant under favorable conditions) and tolerates a variety of soil types, from sandy to loamy, making it suitable for greenhouse assays. The plant has a low chromosome number (2n = 14) that facilitates genetic studies. Its leaf tissue is relatively low in lignin compared to many perennial grasses, which aids extraction of nucleic acids and rapid digestibility assays. The broad temperature range for germination (approximately 5–25 °C) and the lack of a prolonged after‑ripening requirement further support its use in controlled experiments.
Standards and regulation:
Poa annua is included in seed‑testing protocols such as ASTM D7329 (Standard Test Method for Determination of Seed Germination) and the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) Rules, where the species serves as a reference weed seed for germination assays. Herbicide‑screening experiments with Poa annua are conducted under national pesticide regulation frameworks (e.g., EPA guidelines in the United States and the EU Plant Protection Products Regulation) that govern the use of test organisms in efficacy trials.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Catabrosa pumila | (Pursh) Roem. & Schult. | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 696 (1817) |
| Festuca tenuiculmis | Tovar | Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado" 16: 55 (1972) |
| Poa aestivalis | J.Presl | Reliq. Haenk. 1: 272 (1830) |
| Poa algida | Trin. | Linnaea 10: 306 (1836) |
| Poa annua f. purpurea | Mike L.Grant | Watsonia 24: 525 (2003) |
| Poa annua f. reptans | (Hausskn.) T.Koyama | Grass. Japan : 523 (1987) |
| Poa annua var. aquatica | Asch. | Fl. Brandenburg 1: 844. 1864 |
| Poa annua var. eriolepis | É.Desv. | Fl. Chil. 6: 405 (1854) |
| Poa annua var. reptans | Hausskn. | Mitt. Geogr. Ges. Jena 9: 7 1891 |
| Poa annua var. rigidiuscula | L.H.Dewey | Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 262 (1895) |
| Poa annua var. sericea | Parn. | Grass. Scotland 91. 1842 |
| Poa bipollicaris | Hochst. | Flora 38: 321 (1855) |
| Poa hansiana | Nees | Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. : 46 (1840) |
| Poa hohenackeri | Trin. | Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 1: 69 (1836) |
| Poa humilis | Lej. | Fl. Spa 1: 49 (1811) |
| Poa meyenii | Nees | Gramineae : 31 (1841) |
| Poa ovalis | Tineo | Pl. Rar. Sicil. : 21 (1846) |
| Poa puberula | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 256 (1854) |
| Poa variegata | Hall.f. | Cat. Pl. Helv. , ed. 4: 38 (1821) |
| Poa annua var. pilantha | Ronniger | Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 81: 17 (1968) |
| Aira pumila | Pursh | Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 76 (1813) |
| Poa pratensis var. hohenackeri | (Trin.) Griseb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4: 379. 1852 |
| Poa annua var. raniglumis | S.E.Fröhner | Wiss. Z. Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe 12: 670 (1963) |
| Poa annua var. triflora | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 767. 1866 |
| Poa annua var. viridis | Lej. | Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 80 1828 |
| Poa annua f. lanuginosa | Sennen | Diagn. Nouv. 209. 1936 |
| Poa annua f. ovalis | (Tineo) Trab. | Fl. Algérie Monocot.: 206. 1895 |
| Ochlopoa raniglumis | (S.E.Fröhner) Bomble | Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 3: 110 (2012) |
| Poa annua subsp. notabilis | Chrtek & V.Jirásek | Biologia (Bratislava) 19: 494 (1964) |
| Ochlopoa annua subsp. notabilis | (Chrtek & V.Jirásek) H.Scholz & Valdés | Willdenowia 36: 661 (2006) |
| Ochlopoa annua subsp. pilantha | (Ronniger) H.Scholz & Valdés | Willdenowia 36: 661 (2006) |
| Ochlopoa annua | (L.) H.Scholz | Ber. Inst. Landschafts Pflanzenökol. Univ. Hohenheim Beih. 16: 58 (2003) |
| Ochlopoa annua subsp. raniglumis | (S.E.Fröhner) H.Scholz & Valdés | Willdenowia 36: 662 (2006) |
| Poa annua subsp. pilantha | (Ronniger) H.Scholz | Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 81(Sonderabh.): 17 (1968) |
| Ochlopoa notabilis | (Chrtek & V.Jirásek) Tzvelev | Zlaki Rossii : 356 (2019) |
| Ochlopoa pilantha | (Ronniger) Tzvelev | Zlaki Rossii : 357 (2019) |
| Poa annua subsp. mutabilis | Chrtek & V.Jirásek | Biológia (Bratislava) 19: 494 (1964) |
| Poa annua var. longiglumis | Lindm. | Sv. Fanerogamfl. : 94 (1918) |
| Poa annua var. arenosa | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 767 (1866) |
| Poa annua var. uliginosa | Heuff. | Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1858: 230 (1858) |
| Poa annua var. tomentosa | Grognot | Cat. Rais. Pl. Vasc. Départ. Saône-et-Loire , Suppl.: 200 (1863) |
| Poa annua var. rubra | Gray | Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 105 (1821 publ. 1822) |
| Poa annua var. elatior | Chevall. | Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 177 (1827) |
| Poa annua var. villosa | Bluff & Fingerh. | Comp. Fl. German. 1: 125 (1825) |
| Poa trivialis var. hohenackeri | (Trin.) B.Fedtsch. | Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago , Suppl. 2: 78 (1915) |
| Poa annua var. brevifolia | Lagr.-Foss. | Fl. Tarn Garonne : 441 (1847) |
| Poa annua var. crispa | Gray | Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 105 (1821 publ. 1822) |
| Poa annua var. rivularis | Pauquy | Statist. Bot. Somme : 480 (1831) |
| Poa annua var. caespitosa | N.Terracc. | Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. , n.s., 14: 212 (1907) |
| Poa annua var. campana | Seguin | Ann. Mus., Civico Storia Nat. Genova , ser. 2, 18: 215 (1895) |
| Poa annua var. vivipara | Gray | Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 105 (1821 publ. 1822) |
| Poa annua f. latisquamea | Lindm. | Bot. Not. 1926: 275 (1926) |
| Poa annua var. pumila | Andersson | Pl. Scand. 2: 48 (1852) |
| Poa annua var. verna | H.Post | Bot. Not. 1844: 153 (1844) |
| Poa annua f. longiglumis | Lindm. | Bot. Not. 1926: 275 (1926) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | annual bluegrass |
| English | annual meadow-grass |
| English | annual meadow grass |
| Spanish | poa meyenii |
| Spanish | poa humilis |
| Spanish | poa variegata |
| Spanish | aira pumila |
| Spanish | catabrosa pumila |
| Spanish | ochlopoa annua |
| Spanish | poa aestivalis |
| Spanish | poa puberula |
| Spanish | yeba de punta |
| Spanish | hierba de punta |
| Spanish | poa algida |
| Spanish | poa bipollicaris |
| Spanish | poa hohenackeri |
| Spanish | poa ovalis |
| Afrikaans | wintergras |
| Arabic | قبأ حولي |
| Arabic | قبأ المروج الحولي |
| Belarusian | метлюжок адналетні |
| Belarusian | мятлюжок адналетні |
| Bulgarian | едногодишна ливадина |
| Czech | lipnice roční |
| Welsh | gweunwellt unflwydd |
| Danish | enårig rapgræs |
| German | jährige rispe |
| German | einjähriges rispengras |
| German | einjährige rispe |
| Estonian | murunurmikas |
| Basque | sopuru |
| Finnish | ochlopoa annua |
| Finnish | kylänurmikka |
| French | paturin annuel |
| French | pâturin annuel |
| Irish | cuise bliantúil |
| Croatian | jednogodišnja vlasnjača |
| Upper Sorbian | mjakuš |
| Upper Sorbian | mólička lipnica |
| Hungarian | egynyári perje |
| Icelandic | varpasveifgras |
| Japanese | スズメノカタビラ |
| Lithuanian | vienmetė miglė |
| Lithuanian | vienametė miglė |
| Macedonian | едногодишна ливадарка |
| Macedonian | Едногодишна ливадарка |
| Norwegian Bokmål | tunrapp |
| Dutch | straatgras |
| Polish | wiechlina roczna |
| Portuguese | cabelo-de-cão-anual |
| Portuguese | cabelo-de-cão |
| Portuguese | erva-das-galinhas |
| Portuguese | erva-negra |
| Portuguese | pé-de-galinha |
| Portuguese | pêlo-de-cão |
| Portuguese | relva-dos-caminhos |
| Quechua | p'ata qachu |
| Romanian | hirișor |
| Russian | мятлик однолетний |
| Swedish | vitgröe |
| Ukrainian | тонконіг однорічний |
| Chinese | 早熟禾 |
Varieties (abbr. var.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Poa annua var. rigidula | (Schur) Asch. & Graebn. | Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2: 389 1900 |
Forms (abbr. f.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Poa annua f. picta | (Beck) Maire | Fl. Afrique N. 3: 82 1955 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
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Macaronesia
- Azores
- Canary Islands
- Madeira
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Middle Atlantic Ocean
- Ascension
- Saint Helena
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Northeast Tropical Africa
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
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Northern Africa
- Algeria
- Egypt
- Libya
- Morocco
- Tunisia
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South Tropical Africa
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
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Southern Africa
- Cape Provinces
- Free State
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Lesotho
- Namibia
- Northern Provinces
- Swaziland
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West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Cameroon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Rwanda
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Western Indian Ocean
- Madagascar
- Mauritius
- Rodrigues
- Réunion
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East Tropical Africa
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Antarctica click to expand
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Antarctic Continent
- Antarctica
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Subantarctic Islands
- Amsterdam-St.Paul Islands
- Crozet Islands
- Falkland Islands
- Heard-McDonald Islands
- Kerguelen
- Macquarie Island
- Marion-Prince Edward
- South Georgia
- Tristan Da Cunha
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Antarctic Continent
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Arabian Peninsula
- Gulf States
- Kuwait
- Saudi Arabia
- Yemen
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
- Inner Mongolia
- Manchuria
- Qinghai
- Tibet
- Xinjiang
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
- Nansei-shoto
- Ogasawara-Shoto
- Taiwan
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
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Mongolia
- Mongolia
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Russian Far East
- Amur
- Kamchatka
- Khabarovsk
- Kuril Islands
- Magadan
- Primorye
- Sakhalin
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Siberia
- Altay
- Irkutsk
- Krasnoyarsk
- Tuva
- West Siberia
- Yakutskiya
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Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Cyprus
- East Aegean Islands
- Iran
- Iraq
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
- Sinai
- Turkey
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Arabian Peninsula
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
- India
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
- West Himalaya
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Indo-China
- Myanmar
- Vietnam
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Malesia
- Jawa
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Malaya
- Philippines
- Sumatera
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Papuasia
- New Guinea
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Indian Subcontinent
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Australasia click to expand
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Australia
- New South Wales
- Norfolk Island
- Northern Territory
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Tasmania
- Victoria
- Western Australia
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New Zealand
- Antipodean Islands
- Chatham Islands
- Kermadec Islands
- New Zealand North
- New Zealand South
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Australia
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- Krym
- North European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Føroyar
- Great Britain
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Norway
- Sweden
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Kriti
- Romania
- Sicilia
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
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Southwestern Europe
- Baleares
- Corse
- France
- Portugal
- Sardegna
- Spain
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- Labrador
- New Brunswick
- Newfoundland
- Nova Scotia
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Québec
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Mexico
- Mexican Pacific Islands
- Mexico Central
- Mexico Gulf
- Mexico Northeast
- Mexico Northwest
- Mexico Southeast
- Mexico Southwest
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Minnesota
- Missouri
- Nebraska
- North Dakota
- Oklahoma
- South Dakota
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Colorado
- Idaho
- Montana
- Oregon
- Washington
- Wyoming
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South-central U.S.A.
- New Mexico
- Texas
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Virginia
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- Arizona
- California
- Nevada
- Utah
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Subarctic America
- Alaska
- Aleutian Islands
- Greenland
- Northwest Territorie
- Yukon
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Western Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Manitoba
- Saskatchewan
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Eastern Canada
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Pacific click to expand
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North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
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South-central Pacific
- Easter Island
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Southwestern Pacific
- New Caledonia
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North-central Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Brazil
- Brazil South
- Brazil Southeast
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Caribbean
- Bermuda
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Haiti
- Jamaica
- Leeward Islands
- Puerto Rico
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Central America
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Nicaragua
- Panamá
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Northern South America
- Venezuela
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Southern South America
- Argentina Northeast
- Argentina Northwest
- Argentina South
- Chile Central
- Chile North
- Chile South
- Desventurados Islands
- Juan Fernández Islands
- Paraguay
- Uruguay
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Western South America
- Bolivia
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Galápagos
- Peru
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Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000891536 |
| UNII | S31D8A3K0E |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 1697 |
| Flora of Alabama | 4999 |
| Canadensys | 7844 |
| USDA Plants | POAN |
| Tropicos | 25509881 |
| INPN | 114114 |
| Flora of Italy | 7174 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-435194 |
| Plantarium | 27869 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 510850 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 93036 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000002544 |
| Nature Serve | 2.157900 |
| IUCN Red List | 168729 |
| IPNI | 320035-2 |
| iNaturalist | 52808 |
| GBIF | 2704179 |
| Freebase | /m/03bxfr4 |
| WisFlora | 4540 |
| EPPO | POAAN |
| EOL | 1114594 |
| Elurikkus | 6398 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 6658 |
| US Library of Congress | sh2003001549 |
| USDA GRIN | 28904 |
| Wikipedia | Poa_annua |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_026929855.1 | FRR_PoAnn_1.0 | Chromosome | Brigham Young University | 2022-12-16 | 49 | 1.66 Gb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Sugar alcohols | |||||
| Mannitol | 6251 | Click to see | 182.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84808-6 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides | |||||
| Isoorientin | 114776 | Click to see | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84808-6 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides | |||||
| Orientin | 5281675 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84808-6 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| 6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | 162920209 | Click to see | 626.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84808-6 |
| 6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | 74962995 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 626.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84808-6 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Tricin | 5281702 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O | 330.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84808-6 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |