Megathyrsus maximus
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440313c3ff41568866113 |
| Scientific name | Megathyrsus maximus |
| Authority | (Jacq.) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs |
| First published in | Austrobaileya 6: 572 (2003) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Leaves, stems, and inflorescences are cut and baled as hay or made into silage for livestock (cattle, horses, goats, sheep), sometimes used as a cut-and-carry green fodder. Mature stem residues are baled post-grazing as roughage.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Not used as a direct human food ingredient. Some genotypes are grown for grain; a small traditional use is as a source of flour or porridge in parts of East Africa and the Pacific (not a major commercial product). Processing is by threshing, winnowing, grinding, and cooking to flatbread or porridge.
Properties relevant to use:
Herbage yields 8–20 t DM/ha/year in well-managed tropical conditions; palatability varies by cultivar. Seeds typically 1–2 mm long; caryopsis with pericarp and starchy endosperm. Dry-matter digestibility typically 50–70% and metabolizable energy 8–11 MJ/kg DM depending on maturity and management. The species is C4 (NADP-malic enzyme subtype) with high photosynthetic capacity under warm, high-irradiance conditions, supporting rapid regrowth.
Scientific/model-organism use:
Used in comparative studies of C4 photosynthesis (e.g., anatomical, biochemical, and ecophysiological analyses) and in breeding research for stress tolerance and biomass quality. Not a standard model organism with a dedicated reference genome or community resource.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Megathyrsus bivonanus | (Brullo, Miniss., Scelsi & Spamp.) Verloove | Willdenowia 35: 63 (2005) |
| Megathyrsus maximus var. coloratus | (C.T.White) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs | Austrobaileya 6: 573 (2003) |
| Megathyrsus maximus var. pubiglumis | (K.Schum.) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs | Austrobaileya 6: 572 (2003) |
| Milium arundinaceum | J.Koenig ex Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 70 (1853) |
| Panicum airoides | Flüggé ex Nees | Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 175 (1829) |
| Panicum bivonanum | Brullo, Miniss., Scelsi & Spamp. | Giorn. Bot. Ital. 129: 173 (1995) |
| Panicum compressum | Biv. | Stirp. Rar. Sicilia 4: 6 (1818) |
| Panicum confine | Hochst. ex A.Rich. | Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 373 (1850) |
| Panicum eburneum | Trin. | Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 268 (1834) |
| Panicum giganteum | Mez | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 143 (1904) |
| Panicum heynii | Roth | Nov. Pl. Sp. : 49 (1821) |
| Panicum hirsutissimum | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 72 (1853) |
| Panicum jumentorum | Pers. | Syn. Pl. 1: 83 (1805) |
| Panicum laeve | Lam. | Tabl. Encycl. 1: 172 (1791) |
| Panicum mahafalense | A.Camus | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 620 (1925) |
| Panicum mananarense | A.Camus | Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 412 (1959) |
| Panicum maximum subsp. commune | (Nees) Peter | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1): 184. 1930 (1930) |
| Panicum maximum subsp. pubescens | M.Sharma | J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 7: 106 (1985) |
| Panicum maximum var. altissimum | Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 362. 1898 |
| Panicum maximum var. coloratum | C.T.White | Queensland Agric. J. 49: 112 (1938) |
| Panicum maximum var. commune | Nees | Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 36. 1841 |
| Panicum maximum var. confine | Chiov. | Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 33. 1902 |
| Panicum maximum var. glaucum | Nees | Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 36. 1841 |
| Panicum maximum var. heterotrichum | Peter | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1 Anh.): 42. 1930 |
| Panicum maximum var. hirsutissimum | (Steud.) Oliv. | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 29: 171. 1875 |
| Panicum maximum var. hirsutum | Peter | Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1 Anh.): 42. 1930 |
| Panicum maximum var. laeve | Nees | Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 36 1841 |
| Panicum maximum var. pubiglume | K.Schum. | Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas , C: 85 (1895) |
| Panicum maximum var. trichoglume | Robyns | Mém. Inst. Roy. Colon. Belge, Sect. Sci. Nat. (8vo) , reimpr. 1: 31 (1932) |
| Panicum pamplemoussense | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 71 (1853) |
| Panicum poiforme | Willd. ex Spreng. | Syst. Veg. 1: 318 (1824) |
| Panicum polygamum | Sw. | Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. : 24 (1788) |
| Panicum praelongum | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 73 (1853) |
| Panicum praticola | Salzm. ex Döll | Fl. Bras. 2(1): 203 (1877) |
| Panicum scaberrimum | Lag. | Gen. Sp. Pl. : 2 (1816) |
| Panicum sparsum | Schumach. | Beskr. Guin. Pl. : 64 (1827) |
| Panicum teff | Desv. | Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 201 (1831) |
| Panicum tephrosanthum | Hack. | Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 1: 766 (1901) |
| Panicum trichocondylum | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 74 (1853) |
| Panicum trichoglume | K.Schum. | Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 38 (1894) |
| Urochloa maxima var. trichoglumis | (Robyns) R.D.Webster | Austral. Paniceae (Poaceae) 242. 1987 |
| Panicum maximum | Jacq. | Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: t. 13 (1781) |
| Urochloa maxima | (Jacq.) R.D.Webster | Austral. Paniceae : 241 (1987) |
| Panicum maximum var. obtusissimum | A.Chev. | Sudania 1: 163 (1911) |
| Panicum maximum var. effusum | A.Camus | Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 413 (1959) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | guinea grass |
| English | guineagrass |
| Afrikaans | blousaad soetgras |
| Afrikaans | blousaadsoetgras |
| Arabic | دخن كبير |
| Arabic | ثمام كبير |
| Arabic | حشيشة الجينا |
| French | herbe fataque |
| French | fataque |
| French | panic maximal |
| ht | zèb ginen |
| Indonesian | rumput benggala |
| Japanese | ギニアキビ |
| Japanese | ギネアキビ |
| Kannada | ಗಿನಿ ಹುಲ್ಲು |
| Malayalam | ഗിനിപ്പുല്ല് |
| Punjabi | ਗਿੰਨੀ ਘਾਹ |
| Punjab | گنی گھاہ |
| Portuguese | capim-mombaça |
| Sango | ngôngô |
| Swahili | inde |
| Tamil | கினியா புல் |
| Tonga | saafa |
| Chinese | 大黍 |
| Chinese | 羊草 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Macaronesia
- Canary Islands
- Cape Verde
- Madeira
-
Middle Atlantic Ocean
- Ascension
- Saint Helena
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Chad
- Djibouti
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Socotra
- Somalia
- Sudan
-
Northern Africa
- Egypt
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South Tropical Africa
- Angola
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
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Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Cape Provinces
- Free State
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Namibia
- Northern Provinces
- Swaziland
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West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Burkina
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Ivory Coast
- Liberia
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
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West-central Tropical Africa
- Burundi
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Gabon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Rwanda
- Zaïre
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Western Indian Ocean
- Aldabra
- Chagos Archipelago
- Comoros
- Madagascar
- Mauritius
- Mozambique Channel Islands
- Rodrigues
- Réunion
- Seychelles
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East Tropical Africa
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
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Arabian Peninsula
- Gulf States
- Oman
- Saudi Arabia
- Yemen
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China
- China Southeast
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Taiwan
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Western Asia
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
- India
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
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Indo-China
- Andaman Islands
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Jawa
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Malaya
- Philippines
- Sulawesi
- Sumatera
-
Papuasia
- New Guinea
- Solomon Islands
-
Indian Subcontinent
-
Australasia click to expand
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Australia
- New South Wales
- Norfolk Island
- Northern Territory
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Victoria
- Western Australia
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New Zealand
- New Zealand North
-
Australia
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Europe click to expand
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Middle Europe
- Czechoslovakia
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Southeastern Europe
- Sicilia
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Southwestern Europe
- Spain
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Middle Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Mexico
- Mexico Central
- Mexico Gulf
- Mexico Northeast
- Mexico Northwest
- Mexico Southeast
- Mexico Southwest
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North-central U.S.A.
- Oklahoma
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South-central U.S.A.
- Texas
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Florida
- Georgia
- Louisiana
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- Arizona
- California
-
Mexico
-
Pacific click to expand
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North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
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Northwestern Pacific
- Caroline Islands
- Marianas
- Marshall Islands
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South-central Pacific
- Cook Islands
- Easter Island
- Line Islands
- Marquesas
- Society Islands
- Tuamotu
- Tubuai Islands
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Southwestern Pacific
- Fiji
- New Caledonia
- Niue
- Samoa
- Tonga
- Vanuatu
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North-central Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Brazil
- Brazil North
- Brazil South
- Brazil Southeast
- Brazil West-central
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Caribbean
- Bahamas
- Bermuda
- Cayman Islands
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Haiti
- Jamaica
- Leeward Islands
- Netherlands Antilles
- Puerto Rico
- Southwest Caribbean
- Trinidad-Tobago
- Turks-caicos Islands
- Venezuelan Antilles
- Windward Islands
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Central America
- Belize
- Central American Pacific
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Nicaragua
- Panamá
-
Northern South America
- French Guiana
- Guyana
- Suriname
- Venezuela
-
Southern South America
- Argentina Northeast
- Argentina Northwest
- Paraguay
-
Western South America
- Bolivia
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Galápagos
- Peru
-
Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000878966 |
| Tropicos | 25509812 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321830-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-429196 |
| PFAF | Panicum maximum |
| Observations.org | 133779 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0200002778 |
| IPNI | 321830-2 |
| iNaturalist | 414110 |
| iNaturalist | 208857 |
| GBIF | 2705868 |
| Freebase | /m/09g7kvk |
| EPPO | PANMA |
| EOL | 1115687 |
| Elurikkus | 232234 |
| USDA GRIN | 26558 |
| Wikipedia | Megathyrsus_maximus |
| Flora of Alabama | 5085 |
| Tropicos | 50246319 |
| INPN | 672415 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60426565-2 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 861079 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 59788 |
| IPNI | 60426565-2 |
| iNaturalist | 412821 |
| GBIF | 4108550 |
| USDA GRIN | 447623 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 1431 |
| USDA Plants | URMA3 |
| Tropicos | 25538642 |
| INPN | 721767 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943748-1 |
| Observations.org | 198902 |
| Nature Serve | 2.139353 |
| IPNI | 943748-1 |
| iNaturalist | 170074 |
| GBIF | 2705867 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 10436 |
| USDA GRIN | 462122 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
No natural compounds are linked yet. If you wish to help please use this tool.
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |