Deschampsia cespitosa
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64402f9b4129e637123950 |
| Scientific name | Deschampsia cespitosa |
| Authority | (L.) P.Beauv. |
| First published in | Ess. Agrostogr. : 91 (1812) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Ornamental horticultural grass (commonly sold as “Tufted Hairgrass”) sold as seed or container plants for landscaping, garden borders, naturalistic plantings, and low‑maintenance turf. It is listed in major horticultural catalogs and is valued for its feathery inflorescences and tolerance of cold climates.
- Seed mixtures for ecological restoration and erosion control, especially in alpine meadow and sub‑alpine slope plantings. Commercial native seed producers include D. cespitosa in mixes for habitat rehabilitation projects across temperate regions.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Soil stabilization and erosion control on disturbed sites, such as road cuts, mining spoils, ski slopes, and alpine slopes, due to its deep‑rooted, clump‑forming growth habit that binds loose substrate and reduces sediment runoff.
- Phytostabilization of metal‑contaminated soils (e.g., copper, zinc tailings). Laboratory and field trials have shown that the species tolerates elevated metal concentrations, accumulates metals primarily in roots, and limits translocation to shoots, thereby stabilising contaminated substrates.
Properties relevant to use:
- Deep, fibrous root system (often > 1 m) and robust clumping growth enable rapid establishment on loosely consolidated, rocky, or degraded soils.
- High cold tolerance (survives temperatures below −20 °C) and moderate drought tolerance make it suitable for high‑altitude and continental climates.
- Moderate soil salinity tolerance and metal resistance facilitate use in remediation and restoration contexts.
- Large seed output (thousands of seeds per inflorescence) supports commercial seed harvesting, and seeds require cold stratification, matching natural seasonal cues and aiding germination in temperate environments.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- The species is native to temperate zones of Europe, Asia, and North America; cultivated material is generally sourced from regional seed producers to maintain locally adapted genotypes.
- Harvesting of seed is non‑destructive, allowing continued natural recruitment and minimizing genetic erosion.
- Once established, the plant requires minimal fertilizer and irrigation, reducing agricultural inputs and supporting low‑impact restoration practices.
Scientific/model‑organism use:
- Reference transcriptome assemblies are deposited in public databases (e.g., NCBI), providing resources for comparative Poaceae genomics and studies of adaptive evolution.
- The species is employed as a model for alpine adaptation, phenological plasticity, and metal‑tolerance research, including genome‑wide association studies (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in controlled common‑garden experiments.
- Sequence data from these assemblies are incorporated into community resources such as Gramene, facilitating cross‑species analyses and serving as a benchmark for grass functional genomics.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Agrostis cespitosa | (L.) Salisb. | Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 25 (1796) |
| Agrostis vivipara | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 222 1854 |
| Aira hybrida | Figert | Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 18: 40 (1900) |
| Aira neumaniana | Dörfl. | Exsicc. (Herb. Norm.) 1911: n.º 5367 (1911) |
| Aira alpina | Hegetschw. | Fl. Schweiz : 71 (1838) |
| Aira alpina var. rhenana | (Gremli) Brand | Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. ed. 3, 3: 2731. 1907 |
| Aira alpina var. vivipara | Parn. | Grass. Britain 242. 1845 |
| Aira altissima | Moench | Methodus : 182 (1794) |
| Aira biebersteinii | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 219 (1854) |
| Aira breviaristata | Gilib. | Excerc. Phyt. 2: 528 (1792) |
| Aira brevifolia | M.Bieb. | Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 63 (1819) |
| Aira caespitosa | Muhl. | Descr. Gram. : 85 (1817) |
| Aira caespitosa var. arctica | (Spreng.) Thurb. | Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15: 78 1863 publ. 1864 |
| Aira cespitosa | L. | Sp. Pl. 1: 64. 1753 [1 Mai 1753] |
| Aira cespitosa f. alpestris | Kirschl. | Fl. Alsace 2: 317 1855 |
| Aira cespitosa f. tenera | Peterm. | Fl. Lips. Excurs. 102 1838 |
| Aira cespitosa subsp. alpina | (L.) Hook.f. | Student. Fl. Brit. Isl. ed. 3: 437. 1884 (1884) |
| Aira cespitosa var. borealis | Trautv. | Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 1: 86. 1871 |
| Aira cespitosa var. bottnica | Rothr. | Rep. (Annual) Board Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1867: 458. 1870 |
| Aira cespitosa var. brevifolia | Hartm. | Grass. Britain 236 1845 |
| Aira cespitosa var. compacta | Waisb. | Magyar Bot. Lapok 4: 69. 1905 |
| Aira cespitosa var. convoluta | Legrand | Bull. Soc. Bot. Rochelaise 1899: 36. |
| Aira cespitosa var. hartmaniana | Nyman | Consp. Fl. Eur. 807. 1882 (1882) |
| Aira cespitosa var. longiaristata | Parn. | Grass. Britain 234. 1845 |
| Aira cespitosa var. montana | Vasey | Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6: 294 (1879) |
| Aira cespitosa var. pallida | W.D.J.Koch | Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 792. 1838 |
| Aira cespitosa var. reptans | Borbás | Oesterr. Bot. Z. 32: 105. 1882 |
| Aira cespitosa var. setifolia | W.D.J.Koch | Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. ed. 2: 914. 1844 |
| Aira glauca | Hartm. ex Steud. | Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 44 (1840) |
| Aira glomerata | G.Don ex Gray | Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 137 (1821 publ. 1822) |
| Aira grandis | Nyman | Consp. Fl. Eur. : 807 (1882) |
| Aira latifolia | Steud. | Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 219 (1854) |
| Aira litoralis | Godr. ex Nyman | Consp. Fl. Eur. : 807 (1882) |
| Aira major | Syme | Engl. Bot. , ed. 3, 11: 63 (1873) |
| Aira major subsp. cespitosa | (L.) Syme | Engl. Bot. ed. 3, 11: 64. 1873 (1873) |
| Aira media var. congesta | Font Quer | Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 25: 266. 1925 , as 'codgesta' |
| Aira micans | Jacq. ex Hook.f. | Fl. Brit. India 7: 273 (1896) |
| Aira neutralis | Walp. | Ann. Bot. Syst. 1: 932 (1849) |
| Aira paludosa | Wibel | Prim. Fl. Werth. : 118 (1799) |
| Aira triflora | Friv. | Flora 19: 433 (1836) |
| Avena alpina | Trin. | Fund. Agrost. : 157 (1820) |
| Avena cespitosa | (L.) Kuntze | Taschen-Fl. Leipzig : 45 (1867) |
| Calamagrostis grata | Phil. | Anales Univ. Chile 94: 22 (1897) |
| Campella caespitosa | Link | Hort. Berol. 1: 122 (1827) |
| Czerniaevia melicoides | Turcz. ex Ledeb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4(13): 422. 1852; et in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxix. (1856) I. 32. |
| Deschampsia aenea | Trin. ex Ledeb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4(13): 421. 1852 [Sep 1852] |
| Deschampsia alpigena | Schur | Oesterr. Bot. Z. 9: 326 (1859) |
| Deschampsia alpina var. wibeliana | (Sond. ex W.D.J.Koch) Krylov | Fl. Zapadno? Sibiri 2: 233. 1928 |
| Deschampsia andraei var. montana | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 753. 1866 |
| Deschampsia beringensis var. kurilensis | Kawano | Canad. J. Bot. 41: 739 (1963) |
| Deschampsia bottnica var. grandis | Griseb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4: 422. 1852 |
| Deschampsia bottnica var. melicoides | Griseb. ex Griseb. | Fl. Ross. 4: 422 1852 |
| Deschampsia brachyphylla | Nash | Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 37 (1900) |
| Deschampsia brevifolia var. pumila | Ledeb. | Fl. Ross. 4: 442 1852 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa f. pallida | (Koch) Holmb. | Skand. Fl. 2: 166 1926 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. alpicola | Chrtek & V.Jirásek | Acta Univ. Carol., Biol. 3: 207. 1965 (1965) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. alpina | (L.) Tzvelev | Fl. Severo-Vostoka Evropeiskoi Chasti SSSR 1: 141. 1974 (1974) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. borealis | (Trautv.) Tzvelev | Fl. Evropeiskoi Chasti SSSR 1: 210. 1974 (1974) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. festucifolia | Honda | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 666 1927 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. glauca | (Hartm.) Hartm. | Sv. Norsk Exc.-Fl. 15. 1846 (1846) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. alpina | Vasey in Beal | Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 368. 1896 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. altaica | Schischk. | Fl. Sibir. Occ. 2: 231 1937 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. altissima | Volkart | Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 1: 244. 1906 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. andraei | (Schur) Simonk. | Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 571. 1887 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. arctica | Vasey | Bull. Div. Bot. U.S.D.A. 13(1): t. 45. 1892 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. borealis | (Trautv.) Á.Löve & D.Löve | Opera Bot. 5: 65. 1961 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. brachyphylla | Schur | Oesterr. Bot. Z. 9: 329. 1859 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. breviaristata | Husn. | Graminées 88. 1899 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. brevifolia | Griseb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4(13): 421. 1852 [Sep 1852] |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. colorata | Griseb. | Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 457. 1846 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. confinis | Vasey in Beal | Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 369. 1896 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. festucifolia | Honda | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 635 1927 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. gaudinii | (K.Richt.) Husn. | Graminées 34. 1897 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. glauca | Regel | Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 637. 1881 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. latifolia | (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Hook.f. | J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 229. 1864 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. littoralis | (Gaudich.) K.Richt. | Pl. Eur. 1: 56 1890 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. macrantha | Hack. | Man. New Zealand Fl. 876. 1906 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. mannii | C.E.Hubb. | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 311. |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. microstachya | Roshev. | Fl. Zabaik. 1: 67. 1929 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. montana | Vasey | |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. oliveri | C.E.Hubb. | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 310. |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. pallida | (Koch) Godr. | Fl. France 3: 507 1856 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. parviflora | (Thuill.) Coss. & Germ. | Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris ed. 2: 806 1861 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. setifolia | (Koch) Griseb. | Fl. Ross. 4: 421 1853 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. wibeliana | Griseb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4: 421. 1852 |
| Deschampsia crassifolia | Font Quer & Maire | Emberger & Maire, Pl. Marocc. Nov. (Arch. Sc. Maroc) Fasc. III. 8 (1930). |
| Deschampsia curtifolia | Scribn. | Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 30: 7 (1901) |
| Deschampsia glomerata | G.Don ex Loudon | Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 28. 1830 |
| Deschampsia grandis | Besser ex Ledeb. | Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 4(13): 422. 1852 [Sep 1852] |
| Deschampsia littoralis var. rhenana | (Gremli) Hack. | Mitt. Bad. Bot. Vereins 1899: 317. |
| Deschampsia montana | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 753 (1866) |
| Deschampsia pumila | Ostenf. | Meddel. Grønland 64: 169 (1923) |
| Deschampsia turczaninowii | Litv. | Sched. Herb. Fl. Ross. viii. 158 (1922), in syn. |
| Deschampsia wahlenbergiana | Scheele | Flora 27: 56 (1844) |
| Erioblastus flexuosus | Honda ex Nakai | Rep. Veg. Daisetsusan : 58, 73 (1930) |
| Poa evagans | Simmons | Vasc. Pl. Fl. Ellesmereland 165 (1906). |
| Podionapus caespitosus | Dulac | Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées : 82 (1867) |
| Aira caespitosa f. stolonifera | (Hausm.) Asch. & Graebn. | Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2: 291 1899 |
| Aira caespitosa var. altissima | (Lam.) Peterm. | Fl. Lips. Excurs. 102 1838 |
| Avena caespitosa | Kuntze | Taschen-Fl. Leipzig : 45 (1867) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. littoralis | (Gaudin) Gremli | Excursionsfl. Schweiz ed. 3: 401. 1878 (1878) |
| Deschampsia sukatschewii subsp. submutica | (Trautv.) Tzvelev | Arktichesk. Fl. SSSR 2: 84. 1964 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa var. bottnica | (Wahlenb.) Vasey ex Beal | Grass. N. Amer. 2: 369 1896 |
| Aira caespitosa subsp. hartmaniana | Nyman | |
| Aira caespitosa f. compacta | Waisb. | |
| Aira caespitosa f. reptans | Borbás | |
| Deschampsia andraei | Aursw. | Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 14: 205 1856 |
| Avena paludosa | (Roth) Heynh. | Nom. 1: 107 1840 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. hispanica | (Vivant) Cebolla, J.A.López & Rivas Ponce | Fontqueria 34: 23 1997 |
| Aira caespitosa subsp. rhenana | (Gremli) Nyman | Consp. Fl. Eur. 2: 333 1890 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa f. triflora | Holmb. | Bot. Not. 1926: 397 (1926) |
| Deschampsia bottnica f. subtriflora | Holmb. | Bot. Not. 1926: 181 (1926) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | tufted hair-grass |
| English | tufted hairgrass |
| Arabic | ديشمبية أجمية |
| Belarusian | Вострыца дзірваністая |
| Belarusian | Мурог |
| Belarusian | Вастрыца |
| Czech | metlice trsnatá |
| Welsh | brigwellt garw |
| Danish | mose-bunke |
| German | rasen-schmiele |
| German | rasenschmiele |
| Esperanto | malglata deskampsio |
| Estonian | luht-kastevars |
| Estonian | luhtkastevars |
| Finnish | nurmilauha |
| French | canche cespiteuse |
| frr | wiasem |
| Irish | móinfhéar garbh |
| Upper Sorbian | Łučna šmica |
| Hungarian | gyepes sédbúza |
| Icelandic | snarrót |
| Icelandic | snarrótarpuntur |
| Japanese | ヒロハノコメススキ |
| Lithuanian | kupstinė šluotsmilgė |
| Latvian | parastā ciņusmilga |
| myv | Луганаронь сильгетикше |
| Dutch | ruwe smele |
| nv | tłʼoh deitsʼóózí |
| Polish | Śmiałek darniowy |
| Russian | Щучка дернистая |
| Russian | Луговик дернистый |
| Russian | Щучка |
| Russian | Щучник дернистый |
| Russian | Щучка альпийская |
| Swedish | tuvtåtel |
| Swedish | haregräs |
| Swedish | aira cæspitosa |
| Ukrainian | Щучник дернистий |
| Chinese | 髮草 |
| Chinese | 深山米芒 |
| Chinese | 发草 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. borealis | (Trautv.) Á.Löve & D.Löve | Opera Bot. 5: 65 1961 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa | ||
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. holciformis | (J.Presl) W.E.Lawr. | Amer. J. Bot. 32: 302 (1945) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. mezensis | (Senjan.-Korcz. & Korcz.) Tzvelev | Fl. Evropeískoí Chasti SSSR 1: 210 (1974) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. paludosa | (Schübl. & G.Martens) G.C.S.Clarke | Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 363 (1978) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. pamirica | (Roshev.) Tzvelev | Zlaki SSSR : 285 (1976) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. parviflora | (Thuill.) K.Richt. | Pl. Eur. 1: 56. 1890 |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. septentrionalis | Chiapella | Novon 24: 345 (2016) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. sikkimensis | Noltie | Edinburgh J. Bot. 56: 382 (1999) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. wilhelmsii | (Steud.) Tzvelev | Zlaki SSSR : 284 (1976) |
| Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. parviflora | (Thuill.) Dumort. | Observ. Gramin. Belg. : 120 (1824) |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
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Northeast Tropical Africa
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Southern Africa
- Cape Provinces
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West-central Tropical Africa
- Cameroon
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East Tropical Africa
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Antarctica click to expand
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Subantarctic Islands
- Macquarie Island
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Subantarctic Islands
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Caucasus
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China
- China North-central
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
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Mongolia
- Mongolia
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Russian Far East
- Amur
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- Khabarovsk
- Kuril Islands
- Magadan
- Primorye
- Sakhalin
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Siberia
- Altay
- Buryatiya
- Chita
- Irkutsk
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- Yakutskiya
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Western Asia
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Caucasus
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Indian Subcontinent
- East Himalaya
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Indian Subcontinent
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Australia
- New South Wales
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New Zealand
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Australia
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Eastern Europe
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Føroyar
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- Iceland
- Ireland
- Norway
- Svalbard
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
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Southwestern Europe
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- Labrador
- New Brunswick
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Mexico
- Mexico Northeast
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
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Northeastern U.S.A.
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Northwestern U.S.A.
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South-central U.S.A.
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Kentucky
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Southwestern U.S.A.
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Subarctic America
- Alaska
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Western Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Brazil
- Brazil South
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Southern South America
- Argentina Northwest
- Argentina South
- Chile Central
- Chile South
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Western South America
- Bolivia
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Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000862467 |
| Canadensys | 7531 |
| USDA Plants | DECE |
| Tropicos | 25509490 |
| INPN | 94626 |
| Flora of Italy | 7627 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397953-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-407579 |
| Plantarium | 12957 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 285197 |
| PFAF | Deschampsia caespitosa |
| Open Tree Of Life | 58513 |
| Observations.org | 6685 |
| Observations.org | 722566 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 37723 |
| NBN Atlas | NHMSYS0000458048 |
| IPNI | 397953-1 |
| iNaturalist | 76639 |
| GBIF | 8059811 |
| Freebase | /m/0b9pwr |
| WisFlora | 3363 |
| FEIS | plants/graminoid/desces |
| EPPO | DECCA |
| EOL | 1114284 |
| Elurikkus | 4286 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 2688 |
| USDA GRIN | 316647 |
| Wikipedia | Deschampsia_cespitosa |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
No natural compounds are linked yet. If you wish to help please use this tool.
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |