Brachypodium distachyon in Genus Brachypodium

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID64402efb9499b524393618
Scientific name	Brachypodium distachyon
Authority	(L.) P.Beauv.
First published in	Ess. Agrostogr. : 101, 155 (1812)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
The primary commercial product derived from Brachypodium distachyon is seed stock marketed by public and private seed banks and research repositories. These seeds are supplied as genetically defined accessions for use in genetics, functional genomics, and experimental ecology. In addition to bulk seed lots, several repositories provide curated genetic resources such as mutant lines, transgenic constructs, and DNA libraries specifically tailored for B. distachyon. The standardized, well‑characterized nature of these products makes the species a convenient model for laboratories worldwide.

Properties relevant to use:
The suitability of B. distachyon as a model organism stems from a combination of genomic, developmental, and physiological traits. Its genome is relatively compact (≈270 Mbp in the diploid accession) with a high‑quality reference assembly, facilitating gene cloning and comparative analyses. The species is diploid (2n = 10) and exhibits a short life cycle, completing seed‑to‑seed development in approximately six weeks under controlled conditions. It is obligately self‑fertilizing, which simplifies the maintenance of homozygous lines and reduces contamination risk. Moreover, B. distachyon can be transformed efficiently via Agrobacterium‑mediated methods and regenerated from tissue culture, enabling the production of transgenic and gene‑edited lines. Its small stature (typically 15–25 cm) allows dense growth in greenhouse trays, conserving space and resources. The plant’s natural variation across geographic accessions provides a source of phenotypic diversity for quantitative trait mapping and evolutionary studies. These documented properties underpin its widespread adoption in research on grass biology, comparative genomics, and the development of traits relevant to crop improvement.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Agropyron distachyon	(L.) Chevall.	Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 196. 1827 (1827)
Brachypodium paui	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 10: 177 (1911)
Brachypodium paui f. fontqueri	St.-Yves	Candollea 5: 487 1934
Brachypodium annuum	Sennen	Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 265 (1932)
Brachypodium asperum	Roem. & Schult.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 742 (1817)
Brachypodium brevisetum	Roem. & Schult.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 742 (1817)
Brachypodium ciliatum	P.Beauv.	Ess. Agrostogr. : 101 (1812)
Brachypodium distachyon	Roem. & Schult.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 741. 1817 [Nov 1817]
Brachypodium distachyon f. brevisetum	(DC.) Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. confusum	Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. intermedium	Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. mite	Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. multiflorum	(Willk.) Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. paradoxum	(Sommier) Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. pentastachyon	(Tineo) Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. platystachyum	(Balansa) Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. pseudosubtile	Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. subtile	(De Not.) Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 1914
Brachypodium distachyon f. undulatifolium	Pamp.	Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 50 1914
Brachypodium distachyon subsp. paui	(Sen.) Malag.	Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 10 (1977)
Brachypodium distachyon var. asperum	(DC.) Parl.	Fl. Ital. 1: 492. 1850
Brachypodium distachyon var. brevisetum	(DC.) Asch. & Graebn.	Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 641. 1901
Brachypodium distachyon var. hispidum	Pamp.	Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11.
Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyum	(Poir.) Guss.	Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 72. 1843
Brachypodium distachyon var. multiflorum	Willk.	Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 112. 1861
Brachypodium distachyon var. neglectum	Trin.Ruiz & Devesa	Gramineas Extremadura : 210 (1991)
Brachypodium distachyon var. paradoxum	Sommier	Isole Pelagie 252. 1908
Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyon	(Tineo) Guss.	Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73. 1843
Brachypodium distachyon var. platystachyum	Balansa ex Coss.	Expl. Sci. Algérie 2: 192 (1855)
Brachypodium distachyon var. pluriflorum	Oppenh.	Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2, 31: 166. 1940
Brachypodium distachyon var. pubescens	Maire	Cat. Pl. Maroc 1: 84. 1931
Brachypodium distachyon var. pumilum	Willk.	Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 112. 1861
Brachypodium distachyon var. subtile	(De Not.) Lojac.	Fl. Sicul. 3: 376 1909
Brachypodium distachyon var. undulatum	Guss.	Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 72. 1843
Brachypodium distachyon var. velutinum	Pamp.	Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11.
Brachypodium geniculatum	K.Koch	Linnaea 21: 422 (1848)
Brachypodium macrostachyum	Besser ex Roem. & Schult.	Syst. Mant. iii. 651.
Brachypodium megastachyum	Besser ex Roem. & Schult.	Syst. Mant. iii. 651.
Brachypodium monostachyum	Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. : 843 (1882)
Brachypodium pentastachyum	(Tineo) Tineo	Pl. Rar. Sicil. 4 1817
Brachypodium phoenicoides var. brevisetum	(DC.) St.-Yves	Candollea 5: 453. 1934
Brachypodium platystachyum	C.Huber	Cat. Graines 1868: 8 (1868)
Brachypodium polystachyum	Sennen	Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. : 134 (1933)
Brachypodium rigidum	(Roth) Link	Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 96 (1821)
Brachypodium schimperi	Chiov.	Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. , n.s., 26: 83 (1919)
Brachypodium subtile	De Not.	Prosp. Fl. Ligust. : 49 (1846)
Bromus buxbaumii	Ten. ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 227 (1840)
Bromus ciliatus	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 3: 609 (1779)
Bromus distachyos	L.	Cent. Pl. II : 8 (1756)
Bromus geniculatus	Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 318 (1854)
Bromus monostachyus	Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 228 (1840)
Bromus paradoxus	C.Presl	Fl. Sicul. 1: XLV (1826)
Bromus pentastachyus	Tineo	Pl. Rar. Sicil. 4 1846
Bromus platystachyus	Lam.	Tabl. Encycl. 1: 195 (1791)
Festuca breviseta	Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
Festuca diandra	Moench	Methodus : 191 (1794)
Festuca distachyos	Roth	Catal. Bot. fasc. i. II. 1797 [Jan-Feb 1797]
Festuca monostachia	Poir.	Voy. Barbarie 2: 98 (1789)
Festuca pentastachya	C.Presl	Fl. Sicul. : xlv (1826)
Festuca pseudistachya	Koeler	Descr. Gramin. : 270 (1802)
Festuca rigens	Trin. ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 632 (1840)
Festuca rigida	Guss. ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 632 (1840)
Festuca rigido-aspera	Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
Festuca schimperi	Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 316 (1854)
Festuca subtilis	Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
Festuca tauschii	Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
Secale bromoides	Linn.Herb. ex Munro	J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 47 (1861)
Trachynia distachya	(L.) Link	Hort. Berol. 1: 43. 1827 (1827)
Trachynia distachya var. hispida	(Pamp.) Bor	in Fl. Iraq 9: 170 1968
Trachynia pentastachya	(Tineo) Tzvelev	Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 81. 1975 (1975)
Trachynia platystachya	(Balansa ex Coss.) H.Scholz	Willdenowia 28: 173. 1998 (1998)
Trachynia rigida	Link	Hort. Berol. 1: 43 (1827)
Triticum asperrimum	Link	Handbuch 1: 18 (1829)
Triticum asperum	DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 153 (1813)
Triticum brevisetum	DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 153 (1813)
Triticum ciliatum	(Gouan) Cav.	Descr. Pl. 317 1802
Triticum distachyon	Brot.	Fl. Lusit. 1: 119 (1804)
Triticum distertum	Tardent	Essai Hist. Nat. Bessarabie : 37 (1841)
Triticum flabellatum	Tausch	Flora 20: 117 (1837)
Triticum geniculatum	Walp.	Ann. Bot. Syst. 3: 783 (1853)
Triticum maritimum	Wulfen	in Jacq. Coll. iii. 34.
Triticum monostachyum	Lam. ex Roem. & Schult.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 742 (1817)
Triticum polystachyum	Lag. ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 2: 717 (1841)
Triticum schimperi	Hochst.	Flora 24(1, Intelligenzbl.): 20, nomen (1841); et ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 441.
Triticum subtile	Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.	Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 10: 59 (1845)
Triticum tenue	Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Steud.	Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
Zerna distachyos	Panz.	Ideen Rev. Gräser : 47 (1813)
Zerna distachya	(L.) Panz. ex B.D.Jacks.	Index Kew. 2: 1249 1895
Festuca distachya var. aspera	(DC.) Mutel	Fl. Franc. 4: 129 1837
Festuca distachya var. pentastachya	(Tineo) Guss.	Fl. Sic. Prodr. 1: 112 1827
Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyum	(Tineo) Asch. & Graebn.	Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2: 639 1901
Brachypodium distachyon var. platystachyon	Coss. & Durieu	Expl. Sci. Algérie 2: 192 1855
Festuca rigida	Roth	Catal. Bot. 1: 12 (1797)
Triticum subtile	Fisch.Meyer, & Ave.-Lallem
Trachynia beludshistanica	Karjagin	Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S.S.R. 4: 489 (1948)
Brachypodium pentastachyon	(Tineo) Gand.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 48: 407 (1901)
Festuca monostachyos	Lam.	Encycl. 2: 461 (1788)
Festuca distachya	(L.) Roth	Catal. Bot. 1: II (1797)
Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyon	(Lam.) Guss.	Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73 (1843)
Brachypodium distachyon var. genuinum	Willk.	Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 117 (1861)
Brachypodium distachyon var. caucasicum	K.Koch	Linnaea 21: 423 (1848)
Festuca distachya var. intermedia	Mutel	Fl. Franç. Herbor. 4: 129 (1837)
Festuca distachya var. undulata	Guss.	Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 112 (1827)
Triticum ciliatum var. monostachyon	(Lam.) DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 68 (1813)
Triticum ciliatum var. polystachyum	Lam. ex DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 68 (1813)
Triticum ciliatum var. distachyon	(L.) DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 68 (1813)
Brachypodium distachyon subvar. gussonii	St.-Yves	Candollea 5: 48 (1934)
Brachypodium distachyon subvar. typicum	St.-Yves	Candollea 5: 474 (1934)
Brachypodium distachyon var. elongatum	Lojac.	Fl. Sicul. 3: 376 (1909)
Bromus pentastachyos	Tineo	Pl. Rar. Sicil. : 4 (1846)
Brachypodium ramosum f. monostachyon	(Lam.) Hausskn.	Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins , n.f., 13-14: 70 (1899)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	purple false brome
Arabic	بروم ارجواني كاذب
Arabic	دنبان ثنائي السنابل
Welsh	breichwellt unflwydd
German	zweiährige zwenke
Finnish	aroluste
Japanese	セイヨウヤマカモジ
Japanese	ブラキポディウム
Japanese	ミナトカモジグサ
Swedish	grusskafting
Ukrainian	Куцоніжка двоколоскова
Chinese	二穗短柄草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Brachypodium distachyon var. ciliatum	(DC.) Beck	Wiss. Mitt. Bosn.-Herzegowin. Landesmus., Heft C, Naturwiss. 9: 458 1904

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Cape Verde
  - Madeira
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Djibouti
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Egypt
  - Western Sahara

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- China
  - Tibet
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
- Middle Asia
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - India
  - Pakistan
  - West Himalaya

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Krym
  - Ukraine
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000854379
USDA Plants	BRDI2
Tropicos	25510781
Flora of Italy	7449
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393098-1
The Plant List	kew-399871
Open Tree Of Life	413237
Observations.org	115586
NCBI Taxonomy	15368
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0000456582
Nature Serve	2.145080
IPNI	393098-1
iNaturalist	57158
GBIF	5290143
Freebase	/m/0b2_0p
EPPO	BRCDI
EOL	1114728
Calflora (Californian flora)	1137
USDA GRIN	7597
Wikipedia	Brachypodium_distachyon

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCF_000005505.3	Brachypodium_distachyon_v3.0	Chromosome	JGI-PGF	2018-01-24	9.43	258.60 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

MagIC-Cryo-EM: Structural determination on magnetic beads for scarce macromolecules in heterogeneous samples

Arimura Y, Konishi HA, Funabiki H

bioRxiv

28-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC10849486
doi:	10.1101/2024.01.21.576499
PMID:	38328033

Identification and characterization of the CRK gene family in the wheat genome and analysis of their expression profile in response to high temperature-induced male sterility

Liu H, Li X, Yin Z, Hu J, Xie L, Wu H, Han S, Li B, Zhang H, Li C, Li L, Zhang F, Tan G

PeerJ

07-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11086307
doi:	10.7717/peerj.17370
PMID:	38737737

Stable, fluorescent markers for tracking synthetic communities and assembly dynamics

Jorrin B, Haskett TL, Knights HE, Martyn A, Underwood TJ, Dolliver J, Ledermann R, Poole PS

Microbiome

07-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11075435
doi:	10.1186/s40168-024-01792-2
PMID:	38715147

Detailed analysis of agro-industrial byproducts/wastes to enable efficient sorting for various agro-industrial applications

Priyanka G, Singiri JR, Adler-Agmon Z, Sannidhi S, Daida S, Novoplansky N, Grafi G

Bioresour Bioprocess

04-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11069496
doi:	10.1186/s40643-024-00763-7
PMID:	38703254

Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of the JAZ Gene Family in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Its D-Subgenome Donor Aegilops tauschii

Zhai Z, Che Y, Geng S, Liu S, Zhang S, Cui D, Deng Z, Fu M, Li Y, Zou X, Liu J, Li A, Mao L

Plants (Basel)

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085061
doi:	10.3390/plants13091259
PMID:	38732475

Differential expression and global analysis of miR156/SQUAMOSA promoter binding-like proteins (SPL) module in oat

Mehtab-Singh, Tripathi RK, Bekele WA, Tinker NA, Singh J

Sci Rep

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11061197
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-60739-7
PMID:	38688976

Interactive transcriptome analyses of Northern Wild Rice (Zizania palustris L.) and Bipolaris oryzae show convoluted communications during the early stages of fungal brown spot development

Castell-Miller CV, Kono TJ, Ranjan A, Schlatter DC, Samac DA, Kimball JA

Front Plant Sci

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11086184
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1350281
PMID:	38736448

Technological Development and Advances for Constructing and Analyzing Plant Pangenomes

Hu H, Li R, Zhao J, Batley J, Edwards D

Genome Biol Evol

26-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11058698
doi:	10.1093/gbe/evae081
PMID:	38669452

Exploring the potential role of four Rhizophagus irregularis nuclear effectors: opportunities and technical limitations

Aparicio Chacón MV, Hernández Luelmo S, Devlieghere V, Robichez L, Leroy T, Stuer N, De Keyser A, Ceulemans E, Goossens A, Goormachtig S, Van Dingenen J

Front Plant Sci

24-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085264
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1384496
PMID:	38736443

Genome‐wide characterization and expression analysis of GATA transcription factors under combination of light wavelengths and drought stress in potato

Aksoy E, Yavuz C, Yagiz AK, Unel NM, Baloğlu MC

Plant Direct

24-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11042883
doi:	10.1002/pld3.569
PMID:	38659972

Integrated analysis of transcriptome and miRNAome reveals the heat stress response of Pinellia ternata seedlings

Bo C, Liu M, You Q, Liu X, Zhu Y, Duan Y, Wang D, Xue T, Xue J

BMC Genomics

23-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11040748
doi:	10.1186/s12864-024-10318-x
PMID:	38654150

A receptor required for chitin perception facilitates arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and distinguishes root symbiosis from immunity

Zhang J, Sun J, Chiu CH, Landry D, Li K, Wen J, Mysore KS, Fort S, Lefebvre B, Oldroyd GE, Feng F

Curr Biol

22-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11037463
doi:	10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.015
PMID:	38574729

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the diploid oat species Avena longiglumis

Liu Q, Xiong G, Wang Z, Wu Y, Tu T, Schwarzacher T, Heslop-Harrison JS

Sci Data

22-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11035610
doi:	10.1038/s41597-024-03248-6
PMID:	38649380

In-Depth Characterization of bZIP Genes in the Context of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress in Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis

Ayaz A, Jalal A, Zhang X, Khan KA, Hu C, Li Y, Hou X

Plants (Basel)

22-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11053814
doi:	10.3390/plants13081160
PMID:	38674568

Identification of Dof transcription factors in Dendrobium huoshanense and expression pattern under abiotic stresses

Gu F, Zhang W, Wang T, He X, Chen N, Zhang Y, Song C

Front Genet

22-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11070552
doi:	10.3389/fgene.2024.1394790
PMID:	38711915

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Brachypodium distachyon

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top