Alopecurus aequalis in Genus Alopecurus

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID64402e4da1ffc491812182
Scientific name	Alopecurus aequalis
Authority	Sobol.
First published in	Fl. Petrop. : 16 (1799)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Alopecurus aequalis is harvested for livestock feed. The above‑ground biomass, when cut and dried, is marketed as hay; the fresh material is used directly as pasture forage for cattle, sheep, and horses. The hay is typically baled in the same way as other cool‑season grass hays, and the protein and fiber levels are comparable to those of common pasture grasses.

Industrial and craft applications:
The species is employed in ecological restoration and civil‑engineering projects for soil stabilization and erosion control. Its dense, fibrous root system and upright growth habit bind soil particles, reduce surface runoff, and facilitate the establishment of vegetated slopes, riverbanks, and reclaimed sites. Plantings are used in re‑vegetation of disturbed habitats and as a component of low‑maintenance ground‑cover mixes.

Properties relevant to use:
The grass’s rapid vegetative growth, high biomass production, and tolerance of a range of moisture conditions make it suitable for hay production. Its C4 photosynthetic pathway yields a high growth rate, allowing multiple cuts per season. The root network provides strong shear strength and extensive soil cohesion, supporting its use in erosion‑control applications. Chemical analysis of the aerial tissue shows moderate crude protein (≈8–12 % of dry matter) and high neutral detergent fiber (≈60–70 %), characteristics that are desirable for ruminant feed.

Standards and regulation:
Hay from Alopecurus aequalis is subject to the same national feed‑safety and quality standards that govern other grass hays. In the United States, the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) and the National Research Council (NRC) provide guidelines for moisture content, crude protein, and fiber levels. In the European Union, the EN 14536 standard for hay quality (moisture ≤12 % and ash ≤10 % of dry matter) applies. No taxon‑specific regulations exist beyond these general forage standards.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Alopecurus aequalis has a broad native distribution across Europe, Asia, and North America, and it commonly occurs in natural grasslands and wetlands. Harvesting is generally low‑impact because the species reproduces primarily by seed and regrows quickly after cutting. It is not considered invasive in its native range, and its use in restoration projects contributes to habitat heterogeneity without requiring intensive cultivation inputs.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Alopecurus aequalis f. fluitans	Parodi	Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 366 (1931)
Alopecurus aequalis f. foliosus	Parodi	Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 366 (1931)
Alopecurus aequalis f. nigricans	(Beckhaus) Soó	Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 123 (1971 publ. 1972)
Alopecurus aequalis f. violaceus	Parodi	Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 365 (1931)
Alopecurus aequalis subsp. amurensis	(Komarov) T.Koyama	Grasses Japan 485. 1987
Alopecurus aequalis subsp. aristulatus	(Michx.) Tzvelev	Arktichesk. Fl. SSSR 2: 36. 1964
Alopecurus aequalis subsp. natans	(Wahlenb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve	Acta Horti Gothob. 20: 94. 1956 (1956)
Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis	(Kom.) Ohwi	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 360 1941
Alopecurus aequalis var. aristulatus	(Michx.) Tzvelev	Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 20 (1971)
Alopecurus aequalis var. brachytrichus	(Ohwi) Ohwi	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 360. 1941
Alopecurus aequalis var. fluitans	(Parodi) M.C.Mariano	Fl. Patagonica 3: 348 (1978)
Alopecurus aequalis var. natans	Fernald	Rhodora 27: 198 (1925)
Alopecurus aequalis var. violaceus	(Hack.) M.C.Mariano	Fl. Patagonica 3: 348 (1978)
Alopecurus amurensis	Komarov	Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 16: 151 (1916)
Alopecurus aristulatus	Michx.	Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 43 (1803)
Alopecurus aristulatus var. merriamii	H.St.John	Bot. Explor. St. Lawrence : 42 (1922)
Alopecurus aristulatus var. natans	Simmons	Ark. Bot. 6(17): 4 (1907)
Alopecurus brachytrichus	Ohwi	Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 51 (1936)
Alopecurus caesius	Schur	Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 727 (1866)
Alopecurus caespitosus	Trin.	Sp. Gram. 3: t. 241 (1829)
Alopecurus diandrus	Griff.	Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 11 (1851)
Alopecurus fulvus	Sm.	Engl. Bot. : t. 1467 (1805)
Alopecurus fulvus f. violacea	Hack. in Dusén	Ergebn. Schwed. Exp. Magell. 3(5): 218 (1900)
Alopecurus fulvus var. amurensis	(Kom.) Kom.	Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 39: 193 1927
Alopecurus fulvus var. natans	Gross	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 8: 30. 1902
Alopecurus fulvus var. sibiricus	Krylov	Fl. Alt. 7: 1581. 1914
Alopecurus geniculatus f. nigricans	Beckh.	Fl. Westfalen 95 1893
Alopecurus geniculatus f. robustior	Hack. ex Kneuck.	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 11: 54 1905
Alopecurus geniculatus subsp. fulvus	(Sm.) Hartm.	Sv. Norsk Exc.-Fl. 11. 1846 (1846)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. aequalis	(Sobol.) Paunero	Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 10: 312. 1852
Alopecurus geniculatus var. amurensis	(Kom.) Roshev.	Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 14: 54 1914
Alopecurus geniculatus var. aristulatus	(Michx.) Torr.	Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 97 (1823)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus	(Sm.) Scribn.	Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 38 (1894)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. natans	Wahlenb.	Fl. Lapp. : 22 (1812)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. robustus	Vasey	Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 13 (1888)
Alopecurus howellii var. merrimanii	Beal	Grass. N. Amer. 2: 278 (1896)
Alopecurus konradii	Opiz ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch	Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 481 (1823)
Alopecurus paludosus	Beauv. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch	Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 481 (1823)
Alopecurus palustris subsp. fulvus	(Sm.) Syme	Engl. Bot. , ed. 3B, 11: 23 (1872)
Alopecurus subaristatus	Pers.	Syn. Pl. 1: 80. 1805 (1805)
Tozzettia fulva	Lunell	Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 216 (1915)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. caesius	Neilr.	Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 36. 1859
Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus	(Sm.) Schrad.	Linnaea 12(4): 424 1838
Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus	(L.) Weinm.	En. Petrop. 10 1837
Alopecurus geniculatus f. nigricans	Beckhaus
Alopecurus fulvus subsp. intermedius	Blytt	Nye Bidrag Skand. Norge, Christiania 1(3): 8 (1892)
Alopecurus aequalis var. macrostachys	Podp.	Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 396 (1926)
Alopecurus fulvus var. interruptus	Erdner	Ber. Naturwiss. Vereins Schwaben Neuburg 39-40: 99 (1911)
Alopecurus aequalis var. fulvus	(Sm.) Sond.	Fl. Hamburg. : 32 (1852)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. paludosus	(P.Beauv. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) C.C.Gmel.	Fl. Bad. 4: 46 (1826)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. muticus	G.Schäfer	Trier Fl. 1: 36 (1826)
Alopecurus geniculatus var. armurensis	B.Fedtsch.	Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 14(Suppl. 2): 54 (1915)
Alopecurus howellii var. merriamii	Beal	Grass. N. Amer. 2: ? (1896)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	orange foxtail
English	short foxtail
English	short-awn meadow-foxtail
English	shortawn foxtail
Spanish	alopecurus subaristatus
Spanish	alopecurus paludosus
Spanish	alopecurus aristulatus
Spanish	alopecurus diandrus
Spanish	alopecurus geniculatus var. amurensis
Spanish	alopecurus geniculatus var. aristulatus
Spanish	alopecurus geniculatus var. caesius
Spanish	alopecurus geniculatus var. robustus
Spanish	alopecurus howellii var. merriamii
Arabic	ثعلبية برتقالية
Azerbaijani	hamar tülküquyruq
azb	هامار تولکوقویروق
Belarusian	лісахвост роўны
Bulgarian	равна лисича опашка
Catalan	vulpin roux
Czech	psárka plavá
Welsh	cynffonwellt
German	rostgelbe fuchsschwanz
German	rotgelber fuchsschwanz
German	gilbfuchsschwanz
German	vulpin roux
German	rotgelbes fuchsschwanzgras
Estonian	ruuge rebasesaba
Finnish	rantapuntarpää
French	vulpin roux
Hindi	jalajambuk
Upper Sorbian	ryzy liščak
Icelandic	vatnsliðagras
Japanese	スズメノテッポウ
Japanese	スズメノテッポウ（雀の鉄砲）
Korean	뚝새풀
Korean	독새풀
Lithuanian	vulpin roux
Lithuanian	glotnusis pašiaušėlis
Latvian	līdzīgā lapsaste
Norwegian Bokmål	vassrevehale
Dutch	rosse vossestaart
Dutch	rosse vossenstaart
Polish	wyczyniec czerwonożółty
Russian	лисохвост равный
Slovenian	kratkoresi lisičji rep
Swedish	gulkavle
Swedish	vulpin roux
Chinese	看麦娘
Chinese	看麥娘

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Morocco

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Inner Mongolia
  - Manchuria
  - Tibet
  - Xinjiang
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
  - Korea
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Taiwan
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Kirgizstan
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Mongolia
  - Mongolia
- Russian Far East
  - Amur
  - Kamchatka
  - Khabarovsk
  - Kuril Islands
  - Magadan
  - Primorye
  - Sakhalin
- Siberia
  - Altay
  - Buryatiya
  - Chita
  - Irkutsk
  - Krasnoyarsk
  - Tuva
  - West Siberia
  - Yakutskiya
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Turkey

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - East Himalaya
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Myanmar

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - South Australia
  - Victoria
- New Zealand
  - New Zealand North
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - North European Russia
  - Northwest European Russia
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Great Britain
  - Iceland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Labrador
  - New Brunswick
  - Newfoundland
  - Nova Scotia
  - Ontario
  - Prince Edward Island
  - Québec
- Mexico
  - Mexico Northwest
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Iowa
  - Kansas
  - Minnesota
  - Missouri
  - Nebraska
  - North Dakota
  - South Dakota
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Indiana
  - Maine
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New Hampshire
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Vermont
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado
  - Idaho
  - Montana
  - Oregon
  - Washington
  - Wyoming
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Delaware
  - Kentucky
  - Maryland
  - Tennessee
  - Virginia
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - California
  - Nevada
  - Utah
- Subarctic America
  - Alaska
  - Aleutian Islands
  - Greenland
  - Northwest Territorie
  - Yukon
- Western Canada
  - Alberta
  - British Columbia
  - Manitoba
  - Saskatchewan

Southern America click to expand
- Central America
  - Guatemala
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina South
- Western South America
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000845386
Canadensys	7389
USDA Plants	ALAE
Tropicos	25504105
INPN	81610
Flora of Italy	7673
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:387005-1
The Plant List	kew-391253
Plantarium	2313
Open Tree Of Life	407886
Observations.org	6361
NCBI Taxonomy	114194
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000002659
Nature Serve	2.152667
IUCN Red List	164156
IPNI	387005-1
iNaturalist	75381
GBIF	5290083
Freebase	/m/04jkv3b
WisFlora	2488
EPPO	ALOAE
EOL	1114187
Elurikkus	2698
Calflora (Californian flora)	256
USDA GRIN	2637
Wikipedia	Alopecurus_aequalis
PFAF	Alopecurus aequalis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_964340505.1	Alaeq_EIv0.2	Chromosome	Earlham Institute	2024-11-17	33	2.65 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Distribution and Mechanism of Japanese Brome (Bromus japonicus) Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides in China

Bai L, Li X, Guo X, Chen J, Yu H, Cui H

Plants (Basel)

19-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054565
doi:	10.3390/plants13081139
PMID:	38674548

Investigation of Imidazolinone Herbicide Resistance Gene with KASP Markers for Japonica/Geng Rice Varieties in the Huanghuaihai Region of China

Liu P, Feng W, Wang T, Zhang H, Mao S, Zhang H, Huang W, Liu H, Feng S, Chu Z

Plants (Basel)

14-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11053791
doi:	10.3390/plants13081097
PMID:	38674507

Hybridization in the Subtribe Alopecurinae Dumort. (Poaceae) According to Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis: Different Ploidy Level Tells Different Origin of the Groups

Gnutikov AA, Nosov NN, Punina EO, Loskutov IG, Shneyer VS, Chekrygin SA, Rodionov AV

Plants (Basel)

22-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11013341
doi:	10.3390/plants13070919
PMID:	38611448

The Pro-197-Thr mutation in the ALS gene confers novel resistance patterns to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in Bromus japonicus in China

Liu L, Wu L, Li Z, Fang Y, Ju B, Zhang S, Bai L, Pan L

Front Plant Sci

22-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10917945
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1348815
PMID:	38455726

Isolation and identification of allelochemicals and their activities and functions

Kato-Noguchi H

J Pestic Sci

20-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10912975
doi:	10.1584/jpestics.D23-052
PMID:	38450087

Weed biology and management in the multi-omics era: Progress and perspectives

Chen K, Yang H, Wu D, Peng Y, Lian L, Bai L, Wang L

Plant Commun

12-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC11009161
doi:	10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100816
PMID:	38219012

Yield components affected by rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease in rice cultivars with different resistance levels

Sun Y, Jing D, Zhang J, Du L, Li C, Lan Y, Lin F, Zhou T

Front Microbiol

14-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10752958
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1323569
PMID:	38156012

Post-Emergence Water-Dispersal Application Provides Equal Herbicidal Activity against Echinochloa crus-galli and Rice Safety as Foliar Spraying of Penoxsulam

Sun J, Yu X, Xu H, Yang Y, Liu M, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Tang W

Plants (Basel)

03-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10708039
doi:	10.3390/plants12234061
PMID:	38068696

Community structure and niche differentiation of endosphere bacterial microbiome in Camellia oleifera

Zhang Y, Ding CT, Jiang T, Liu YH, Wu Y, Zhou HW, Zhang LS, Chen Y

Microbiol Spectr

17-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10715075
doi:	10.1128/spectrum.01335-23
PMID:	37847029

Comprehensive insights into herbicide resistance mechanisms in weeds: a synergistic integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses

Sen MK, Bhattacharya S, Bharati R, Hamouzová K, Soukup J

Front Plant Sci

11-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10598704
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1280118
PMID:	37885667

ATP binding cassette transporters and uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases are ancient protein families that evolved roles in herbicide resistance through exaptation

Caygill S, Dolan L

PLoS One

21-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10513242
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0287356
PMID:	37733747

Cytochrome P450s-Involved Enhanced Metabolism Contributes to the High Level of Nicosulfuron Resistance in Digitaria sanguinalis from China

Wang X, Hu W, Li Y, Jiang M, Zhao N, Cao H, Liao M

Biology (Basel)

31-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10525941
doi:	10.3390/biology12091192
PMID:	37759591

Adaptability and Germination Characteristics of Volunteer Wheat in China’s Main Wheat-Producing Areas

Su W, Yang M, Ma R, Li Q, Xu H, Xue F, Sun L, Lu C, Wu R

Biology (Basel)

04-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10451859
doi:	10.3390/biology12081090
PMID:	37626976

A Double Mutation in the ALS Gene Confers a High Level of Resistance to Mesosulfuron-Methyl in Shepherd’s-Purse

Lu H, Liu Y, Bu D, Yang F, Zhang Z, Qiang S

Plants (Basel)

23-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10386087
doi:	10.3390/plants12142730
PMID:	37514344

In search of lost ergots: phylogenetic re-evaluation of Claviceps species in Japan and their biogeographic patterns revealed

Tanaka E, Tanada K, Hosoe T, Shrestha B, Kolařík M, Liu M

Stud Mycol

17-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10825747
doi:	10.3114/sim.2023.106.01
PMID:	38298573

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Alopecurus aequalis

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top