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Agrostis castellana

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64402e1943382300441068
Scientific name Agrostis castellana
Authority Boiss. & Reut.
First published in Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. : 26 (1842)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Scientific and model use:
Agrostis castellana is a model system in turfgrass and stress biology. The cultivar “Highland” has been widely planted for golf courses and ornamental turf, enabling comparative studies on shade tolerance, mowing and traffic tolerance, growth habit, and seasonal performance. The species is used in breeding, genetics, and agronomy research to dissect salinity, drought, and low-temperature responses, to evaluate cultivar stability across environments, and to study nitrogen and mowing-height management. Its fine texture and persistent low growth make it suitable for experimental plots simulating fairway or lawn management. Agrostis castellana is also maintained in germplasm collections and international turfgrass databases, facilitating trait mapping and cultivar development. These applications are enabled by documented genetic and phenotypic diversity, winter-green color retention, and consistent stoloniferous or rhizomatous growth in the “Highland” accession and its derived breeding materials.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Agrostis capillaris subsp. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) O.Bolòs, Masalles & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 96 (1987 publ. 1988)
Agrostis capillaris subsp. olivetorum (Godr.) O.Bolòs, Masalles & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 17: 96 (1987 publ. 1988)
Agrostis capillaris var. olivetorum (Godr. & Gren.) Kerguélen Coll. Patrim. Nat. 8: xii (1993)
Agrostis castellana var. communis Menezes Gramin. Arch. Madeira 28. 1906
Agrostis castellana var. hispanica (Boiss. & Reut.) Hack. Cat. Rais. Gramin. Portugal 14 1880
Agrostis castellana var. mixta Hack. Cat. Rais. Gramin. Portugal 14. 1880
Agrostis alba subsp. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) P.Fourn. Quatre Fl. France 49. 1934 (1934)
Agrostis alba var. mutica (Hack.) Rouy Fl. France 14: 62 1913
Agrostis alba var. olivetorum (Godr.) Fiori Fl. Italia 1: 63 1896
Agrostis azorica (Hochst.) Tutin & E.F.Warb. J. Bot. 70: 42 (1932)
Agrostis azorica var. rigidifolia Tutin & E.F.Warb. J. Bot. 70: 43 1932
Agrostis bolivaris Sennen Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona xv. Ser. Bot. No. 1 , 38 (1931), in obs.,nomen.
Agrostis byzantina Boiss. Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 46 (1854)
Agrostis canariensis Parl. Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2; 3): 391 (1848)
Agrostis castellana var. olivetorum (Godr.) Kerguélen Bull. Soc. Bot. France 123: 318 (1976)
Agrostis cavanillesiana Font Quer Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 6: 493 (1946)
Agrostis font-queri Maire Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 320 (1931)
Agrostis frondosa Ten. ex Spreng. Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 2: 5 (1815)
Agrostis gigantea subsp. moldavica (Dobr. & Belide) G.Dihoru Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest), Ser. Biol. Veg. 32: 20 (1980)
Agrostis hispanica Boiss. & Reut. Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. : 120 (1852)
Agrostis hispanica var. mutica Boiss. & Reut. Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 120 1852
Agrostis hispida Brot. ex Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. : 802 (1882)
Agrostis lusitanica Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 169 (1854)
Agrostis moldavica Dobrescu & Beldie Analele Sti Univ. "Al. I. Cuza" Iasi, Sect. 2 , 16: 131 (1970)
Agrostis olivetorum Gren. & Godr. Fl. France 3: 483 (1856)
Agrostis parlatorei Breistr. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 110: 56. 1966 (1966)
Agrostis pauciflora Costa Introd. Fl. Catal. 264 (1864).
Agrostis schottii Trin. Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 6: 356 (1845)
Agrostis stolonifera subsp. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire & Trab. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 393. 1924 (1924)
Agrostis stolonifera var. hackelii Maire & Weiller Fl. Afrique N. 2: 121. 1953
Agrostis stolonifera var. hispanica (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire & Weiller Fl. Afrique N. 2: 121. 1953
Agrostis stolonifera var. mutica (Hack.) Maire & Weiller in Fl. Afr. Nord 2: 122 1953
Agrostis tricuspidata Hack. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 27: 46 (1877)
Agrostis truncatula Parl. Fl. Ital. 1: 185 (1850)
Agrostis truncatula var. durieui (Merino) Cout. Fl. Portugal 74 1913
Agrostis vinealis [Honck.] Verz. Gew. Teutschl. : 205 (1782)
Calamagrostis azorica Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 189 (1854)
Deyeuxia azorica Hochst. ex Seub. Fl. Azor. : 19 (1840)
Vilfa frondosa C.Presl Cyper. Gramin. Sicul. : 23 (1820)
Neoschischkinia truncatula (Parl.) Valdés & H.Scholz Willdenowia 36: 663 (2006)
Agrostis alba var. olivetorum (Gren. & Godr.) Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2: 175 1899
Agrostis castellana var. mutica (Boiss. & Reut.) Kerguélen ex Romero García, Blanca & C.Morales Ruizia 7: 118 (1988)
Agrostis castellana var. mixta (Hack.) Briq. Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 87 1910
Agrostis stolonifera var. mixta (Hack.) Maire & Weiller Fl. Afrique N. 2(XLV): 122 1953
Agrostis castellana subsp. byzantina (Boiss.) Hack. ex Kneuck. Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 7: 97 (1901)
Agrostis castellana var. mutica (Boiss. & Reut.) Kerguélen ex Romero García, Blanca & C.Morales Ruizia 7: 118 (1988)
Agrostis delicatula Pourr. ex Lapeyr. Hist. Pl. Pyrénées , Suppl.: 12 (1818)
Agrostis castellana var. hispanica (Boiss. & Reut.) Ball J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 714 (1878)
Agrostis stolonifera subsp. castellana (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire & Weiller Fl. Afrique N. 2: 121. 1953 (1953)
Agrostis castellana subsp. tricuspidata (Hack.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. : 801 (1882)
Agrostis alba var. hispanica (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire & Weiller Fl. Afrique N. 2: 121 (1953)
Agrostis castellana var. multiflora Foucaud Bull. Soc. Bot. Rochelaise 23: 26 (1902)
Agrostis castellana var. elongata Fouill. Bull. Soc. Bot. Rochelaise 23: 25 (1902)
Agrostis byzantina var. segetior Hausskn. Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins , n.s., 13-14: 40 (1899)
Agrostis vulgaris var. olivetorum (Godr.) Posp. Fl. Österr. Küstenl. 1: 68 (1897)
Agrostis byzantina var. vegetior Hausskn. Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins , n.f., 13-14: 40 (1899)
Agrostis castellana subvar. heterophylla Hack. Cat. Rais. Gramin. Portugal : 14 (1880)
Agrostis castellana f. heterophylla Hack. Cat. Gram. Portugal : 14 (1880)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English bentgrass
English highland bent
Arabic أغروستيس قشتالي
Arabic النجير القشتالي
Arabic نجير قشتالي
Bulgarian кастилска полевица
Czech psineček kastilský
Welsh maeswellt y lawnt
German kastilisches straußgras
Finnish etelänrölli
Upper Sorbian kastiliska wjechelca
Portuguese feno-da-madeira
Swedish spanskven

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Macaronesia
      • Azores
      • Canary Islands
      • Madeira
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Morocco
  • Antarctica
    • Subantarctic Islands
      • Marion-Prince Edward
      • Tristan Da Cunha
  • Australasia
    • New Zealand
      • Antipodean Islands
      • New Zealand North
      • New Zealand South
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Greece
      • Italy
      • Turkey-in-Europe
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Corse
      • France
      • Portugal
      • Spain
  • Southern America
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Argentina South
      • Chile Central
      • Chile South
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000841757
Tropicos 25502252
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385647-1
The Plant List kew-389476
Observations.org 114050
IPNI 385647-1
iNaturalist 497835
GBIF 4124133
EPPO AGSDE
Elurikkus 470667
Canadensys 27229
USDA Plants AGCA11
Tropicos 25502149
INPN 80593
Flora of Italy 7588
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:271894-2
The Plant List kew-387742
Open Tree Of Life 968295
Observations.org 114043
NCBI Taxonomy 345914
NBN Atlas NHMSYS0000455679
IPNI 271894-2
iNaturalist 181671
GBIF 2706501
EPPO AGSCS
EOL 1115618
Elurikkus 287229
Calflora (Californian flora) 9278
USDA GRIN 2018
Wikipedia Agrostis_castellana
Open Tree Of Life 271624

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_050573615.1 ASM5057361v1 Scaffold Iridian Genomes 2025-05-26 60 1.95 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Using Analytic Hierarchy Process to Assess Beekeeping Suitability in Portuguese Controlled Areas: A First Approach Roque N, Fernandez P, Silveira C, Vilas-Boas M, Anjos O Insects 29-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10888816
doi:10.3390/insects15020091
PMID:38392511
Differences in the Diets of Female and Male Red Deer: The Meaning for Sexual Segregation Garcia F, Alves da Silva A, Ruckstuhl K, Neuhaus P, Coelho C, Wang M, Sousa JP, Alves J Biology (Basel) 31-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10136149
doi:10.3390/biology12040540
PMID:37106741
Ozone and Temperature May Hinder Adaptive Capacity of Mediterranean Perennial Grasses to Future Global Change Scenarios Prieto-Benítez S, Ruiz-Checa R, González-Fernández I, Elvira S, Rucandio I, Alonso R, Bermejo-Bermejo V Plants (Basel) 02-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9920155
doi:10.3390/plants12030664
PMID:36771748
Root and Shoot Growth of a Modern and an Old Tall Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Variety under Dual-Purpose Management Rossi R, Bitella G, Bochicchio R, Labella R, Angerame F, Urbano M, Amato M Plants (Basel) 29-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9921935
doi:10.3390/plants12030588
PMID:36771671
Effect of Sheep Grazing, Stocking Rates and Dolomitic Limestone Application on the Floristic Composition of a Permanent Dryland Pasture, in the Montado Agroforestry System of Southern Portugal Carreira E, Serrano J, Gomes CJ, Shahidian S, Paniagua LL, Pilirito A, Lopes Castro J, Carvalho M, Pereira AF Animals (Basel) 20-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9559647
doi:10.3390/ani12192506
PMID:36230248
High-Throughput Screening Assays to Identify Plant Natural Products with Antifungal Properties Against Fusarium oxysporum Zhang Y, Kao PL, Rampal A, Mafu S, Savinov S, Ma LJ Methods Mol Biol 01-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC9022449
doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1795-3_14
PMID:34686985
Water and soil contaminated by arsenic: the use of microorganisms and plants in bioremediation Bertin PN, Crognale S, Plewniak F, Battaglia-Brunet F, Rossetti S, Mench M Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 02-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8783877
doi:10.1007/s11356-021-17817-4
PMID:34859349
Are Grasses Really Useful for the Phytoremediation of Potentially Toxic Trace Elements? A Review Rabêlo FH, Vangronsveld J, Baker AJ, van der Ent A, Alleoni LR Front Plant Sci 24-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8670575
doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.778275
PMID:34917111
Assessment of the effect of climate changes in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene on niche conservatism of an arvicolid specialist Castellanos-Frías E, García N, Virgós E Sci Rep 28-Jun-2018
PMCID:PMC6023864
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28000-0
PMID:29955095
Age and Sex Ratios in a High-Density Wild Red-Legged Partridge Population Nadal J, Ponz C, Margalida A PLoS One 10-Aug-2016
PMCID:PMC4979962
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159765
PMID:27508503
Biochemical and Metabolic Changes in Arsenic Contaminated Boehmeria nivea L. Mubarak H, Mirza N, Chai LY, Yang ZH, Yong W, Tang CJ, Mahmood Q, Pervez A, Farooq U, Fahad S, Nasim W, Siddique KH Biomed Res Int 28-Feb-2016
PMCID:PMC4789022
doi:10.1155/2016/1423828
PMID:27022603
How important are conidial appendages? Crous PW, Verkley GJ, Christensen M, Castañeda-Ruiz RF, Groenewald JZ Persoonia 04-Jun-2012
PMCID:PMC3409409
doi:10.3767/003158512X652624
PMID:23105158
Phosphate (Pi) and Arsenate Uptake by Two Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cultivars and Their Doubled Haploid Lines ZHU YG, GENG CN, TONG YP, SMITH SE, SMITH FA Ann Bot 01-Sep-2006
PMCID:PMC2803564
doi:10.1093/aob/mcl139
PMID:16803848
Identification of a Gene in the Process of Being Lost from the Genus Agrostis Li HM, Rotter D, Bonos SA, Meyer WA, Belanger FC Plant Physiol 01-Aug-2005
PMCID:PMC1183424
doi:10.1104/pp.105.063297
PMID:15995002
Comparison of Early Development of Three Grasses: Lolium perenne, Agrostis stolonifera and Poa pratensis FUSTEC J, GUILLEUX J, LE CORFF J, MAITRE JP Ann Bot 02-Jun-2005
PMCID:PMC4246875
doi:10.1093/aob/mci175
PMID:15932884

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Gallery Top

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