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Carex pumila

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ff2f361bc6431724924
Scientific name Carex pumila
Authority Thunb.
First published in Syst. Veg. ed. 14 : 846 (1784)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Seed oil (Carex pumila oil). The seed oil is extracted from harvested inflorescences/achenes and may be refined for industrial applications. It is a drying oil with a relatively high iodine value suitable as a binder in paints and varnishes; the profile includes linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids as dominant components. Oil meals or press cakes may serve as fermentation feedstocks or nutrient sources in microbial cultivation.

Industrial and craft applications:
Carex pumila is used in phytoremediation and coastal stabilization projects as a green engineering species. The dry foliage provides craft materials (e.g., thatching, weaving) and can be used as a paper pulp filler or lignocellulosic feedstock after appropriate preparation. Seed oil functions as a drying oil in paints, inks, and varnishes; the pressed cake is suitable as a fermentation substrate for producing enzymes or bio-chemicals.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
There are no documented culinary applications for Carex pumila seeds or foliage in modern foods or beverages.

Colorants and tanning:
No verified historical or modern use of Carex pumila for dyes, inks, or tannins is documented.

Wood and fiber:
No timber or structural fiber uses are documented. Aboveground culms/leaves are used in small-scale crafts; bast fiber characteristics are not established for this taxon.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No cosmetic or fragrance uses are documented for this species.

Properties relevant to use:
The seed oil’s drying properties derive from its high unsaturation (elevated iodine value) and polyunsaturated fatty-acid composition; this enables oxidative polymerization in coating films. Aboveground biomass is lignocellulosic (cellulose/hemicellulose/lignin) and suitable for pulp blends after pre-treatment; salt tolerance supports stable supply in brackish coastal systems.

Standards and regulation:
Seed oil processing follows general edible/industrial oil standards when applicable (for example, AOAC methods for oil composition and acid value). Environmental use for coastal restoration may be guided by regional wetland and habitat-restoration frameworks.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Carex pumila occurs in coastal dunes and salt marshes, tolerates saline conditions, and can be harvested without irrigation. Sustainable wild-collection practices include avoiding over-harvesting during reproductive periods and maintaining seed-bearing culms to ensure natural regeneration. Cultivation in saline/agricultural marginal lands can reduce pressure on wild stands.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Anithista littorea (Labill.) Raf. Good Book : 26 (1840)
Carex forbesii C.B.Clarke J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 286 (1903)
Carex fusca Sol. ex Boott Ill. Gen. Carex 4: 217 (1867)
Carex krullii Boeckeler Flora 65: 59 (1882)
Carex littorea Labill. Nov. Holl. Pl. 2: 69 (1806)
Carex nutans var. platyrhyncha (Franch. & Sav.) Kük. Pflanzenr. IV, 20(38): 740. 1909
Carex nutans var. pumila (Thunb.) Boeck. Linnaea 41: 298 (1877)
Carex platyrhyncha Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 582 (1878)
Carex pumila var. forbesii (C.B.Clarke) Kük. Pflanzenr. IV, 20(38): 740. 1909
Carex pumila subsp. littorea Kük. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 551 (1899)
Carex sepulta Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 93: 494 (1896)
Carex urvillei Brongn. Voy. Monde , Phan.: 157 (1833)
Carex pumila var. urvillei (Brongn.) Kük. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 552 (1899)
Carex platyrhyncha French. & Savat.

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English dwarf sedge
Japanese コウボウシバ
Chinese 小海米
Chinese 矮生薹草
Chinese 矮生苔草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China Southeast
      • Manchuria
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
      • Korea
      • Nansei-shoto
      • Taiwan
    • Russian Far East
      • Kuril Islands
      • Primorye
      • Sakhalin
  • Australasia
    • Australia
      • New South Wales
      • Norfolk Island
      • Queensland
      • Tasmania
      • Victoria
    • New Zealand
      • Chatham Islands
      • New Zealand North
      • New Zealand South
  • Northern America
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Oregon
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • North Carolina

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000350444
USDA Plants CAPU32
Tropicos 9903392
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:927469-1
The Plant List kew-230129
Open Tree Of Life 1051135
Observations.org 140248
NCBI Taxonomy 418179
Nature Serve 2.143054
IPNI 927469-1
iNaturalist 160076
GBIF 2724127
EPPO CRXPU
EOL 1123553
USDA GRIN 9108
Wikipedia Carex_pumila

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_033356055.1 Capu_genome Contig Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources 2023-11-06 40 330.52 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Genome Assembly and Microsatellite Marker Development Using Illumina and PacBio Sequencing in the Carex pumila (Cyperaceae) from Korea Kim KR, Yu JN, Hong JM, Kim SY, Park SY Genes (Basel) 10-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10671310
doi:10.3390/genes14112063
PMID:38003006
Endomicrobiome of in vitro and natural plants deciphering the endophytes-associated secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Picrorhiza kurrooa, a Himalayan medicinal herb Tamang A, Swarnkar M, Kumar P, Kumar D, Pandey SS, Hallan V Microbiol Spectr 09-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10715050
doi:10.1128/spectrum.02279-23
PMID:37811959
Resveratrol Oligomers, Plant-Produced Natural Products With Anti-virulence and Plant Immune-Priming Roles Kang JE, Yoo N, Jeon BJ, Kim BS, Chung EH Front Plant Sci 27-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9197177
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.885625
PMID:35712595
In Silico Identification and Evaluation of Natural Products as Potential Tumor Necrosis Factor Function Inhibitors Using Advanced Enalos Asclepios KNIME Nodes Papadopoulou D, Drakopoulos A, Lagarias P, Melagraki G, Kollias G, Afantitis A Int J Mol Sci 23-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8508374
doi:10.3390/ijms221910220
PMID:34638561
Chemistry and Pharmacology of Cyperaceae Stilbenoids: A Review Dávid CZ, Hohmann J, Vasas A Molecules 10-May-2021
PMCID:PMC8125981
doi:10.3390/molecules26092794
PMID:34068509
Resveratrol oligomer structure in Dipterocarpaceaeous plants Ito T J Nat Med 30-Apr-2020
PMCID:PMC7456419
doi:10.1007/s11418-020-01412-x
PMID:32356240
Ruthenium Chloride—Induced Oxidative Cyclization of Trans-Resveratrol to (±)-ε-Viniferin and Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity Against Streptococcus pneumoniae Yadav MK, Mailar K, Nagarajappa Masagalli J, Chae SW, Song JJ, Choi WJ Front Pharmacol 14-Aug-2019
PMCID:PMC6702469
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00890
PMID:31474855
(−)-<i>ε</i>-Viniferin and Related Oligostilbenes from<i>Carex pumita</i>Thunb. (Gyperaceae) Hideyuki Kurihara, Jun Kawabata, Satoshi Ichikawa, Junya Mizutani Oxford University Press (OUP) 13-Apr-2016
doi:10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
New Records of Xylaria Species in Korea: X. ripicola sp. nov. and X. tentaculata Kim CS, Jo JW, Kwag YN, Oh SO, Lee SG, Sung GH, Han JG, Oh J, Shrestha B, Kim SY, Shin CH, Han SK Mycobiology 31-Mar-2016
PMCID:PMC4838588
doi:10.5941/MYCO.2016.44.1.21
PMID:27103851
Chemistry and Biology of Resveratrol-Derived Natural Products Keylor MH, Matsuura BS, Stephenson CR Chem Rev 02-Apr-2015
PMCID:PMC4566929
doi:10.1021/cr500689b
PMID:25835567
Silencing the mob: disrupting quorum sensing as a means to fight plant disease Helman Y, Chernin L Mol Plant Pathol 29-Sep-2014
PMCID:PMC6638422
doi:10.1111/mpp.12180
PMID:25113857
Persistence of Coastal Vegetation in Supratidal Zones of Northern China Yang H, Chu J PLoS One 05-Nov-2013
PMCID:PMC3818275
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079964
PMID:24224026
Rapid and Recent World-Wide Diversification of Bluegrasses (Poa, Poaceae) and Related Genera Hoffmann MH, Schneider J, Hase P, Röser M PLoS One 27-Mar-2013
PMCID:PMC3609727
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060061
PMID:23544123
(-)-.EPSILON.-Viniferin and related oligostilbenes from Carex pumila Thunb. (Cyperaceae). Hideyuki KURIHARA, Jun KAWABATA, Satoshi ICHDCAWA, Junya MIZUTANI Oxford University Press (OUP) 13-Jul-2011
doi:10.1271/BBB1961.54.1097
The Hunt for Natural Skin Whitening Agents Smit N, Vicanova J, Pavel S Int J Mol Sci 10-Dec-2009
PMCID:PMC2801997
doi:10.3390/ijms10125326
PMID:20054473

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids
(-)-Hopeaphenol 44334030 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C3=C4C(C(OC4=CC(=C3)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)C6=C2C(=CC(=C6)O)O)C7C(C8=C(C=C(C=C8O)O)C9C(OC1=CC(=CC7=C91)O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)O 906.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1260300103
(1R,3S,7R,8R,15S,21S,22R,25S,26R,27R)-22-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-12,17-dihydroxy-8,21,26,27-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-9,20-dioxaoctacyclo[13.10.1.13,25.17,10.01,6.016,24.019,23.014,28]octacosa-5,10,12,14(28),16(24),17,19(23)-heptaene-2,4-dione 162954101 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C3C(=O)C=C4C5C(OC6=CC(=CC(=C56)C7C(C4(C2C8=C7C(=CC9=C8C(C(O9)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)O)O)C3=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)O 904.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83744-6
(2R,4bR,5R,14R,15R,16S,16aR,18R)-15-(3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)-8,11-dihydroxy-5,14,17,18-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4b,5,10,14,15,16-hexahydro-1H-2,16:10,16a-dimethanobenzo[8,9][1]benzofuro[5',4':5,6]cyclonona[1,2,3-cd][1]benzofuran-1,3(2H)-dione 138394131 Click to see 904.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83744-6
1H-2,16:10,16a-Dimethanobenzo[8,9]benzofuro[5',4':5,6]cyclonona[1,2,3-cd]benzofuran-1,3(2H)-dione, 15-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-4b,5,10,14,15,16-hexahydro-8,11-dihydroxy-5,14,17,18-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 494893 Click to see 904.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83744-6
5-[(2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-4-[(2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 163186865 Click to see 680.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
5-[(2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-4-[(2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-4-[(2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 163194562 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C3C(C(OC3=CC(=C2)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5=C6C(C(OC6=CC(=C5)O)C7=CC=C(C=C7)O)C8=C9C(C(OC9=CC(=C8)O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)O)O 906.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
5-[(2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-4-[(2S)-6-hydroxy-4-[(2R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 101641795 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C3C(C(OC3=CC(=C2)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5=C6C(C(OC6=CC(=C5)O)C7=CC=C(C=C7)O)C8=C9C(C(OC9=CC(=C8)O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)O)O 906.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.54.1097
5-[6-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 366354 Click to see 454.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
5-[6-Hydroxy-4-[6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 366355 Click to see 680.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
5-[6-hydroxy-4-[6-hydroxy-4-[6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 16129769 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C3C(C(OC3=CC(=C2)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5=C6C(C(OC6=CC(=C5)O)C7=CC=C(C=C7)O)C8=C9C(C(OC9=CC(=C8)O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)O)O 906.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.54.1097
5-[6-Hydroxy-4-[6-hydroxy-4-[6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol 16132611 Click to see 906.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
Epsilon-Viniferin 5281728 Click to see 454.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.54.1097
https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870044
Kobophenol B 636952 Click to see 904.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83744-6
Miyabenol C 5388319 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=C3C(C(OC3=CC(=C2)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C5=C6C(C(OC6=CC(=C5)O)C7=CC=C(C=C7)O)C8=CC(=CC(=C8)O)O)O 680.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.54.1097
Unii-8K2E6922LC 495605 Click to see 906.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1260300103

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