Viola pedata - Unknown
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Internal ID UUID64404fa7a3529802004284
Scientific name Viola pedata
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 933 (1753)

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Oionychion pedatum Nieuwl. & Kaczm. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 210 (1914)
Viola multifida Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 5 (1768)
Viola reidiae Cory Field & Lab. 18: 155 (1950)
Viola redunca House Torreya 6: 171 (1906)
Viola digitata Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 171 (1813)
Viola ampliata Greene Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 3 (1903)
Viola inornata Greene Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 2 (1903)
Viola pedata f. alba (Thurb.) Britton Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 124 (1890)
Viola pedata f. bicolor Britton Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 123 (1890)
Oionychion pedatum var. ampliatum Nieuwl. & Kaczm. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 211 (1914)
Oionychion pedatum var. inornatum Nieuwl. & Kaczm. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 210 (1914)
Viola pedata var. flabellata D.Don & Link in Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. 6: t. 247 (1834)
Viola pedata var. velutina Schwein. Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5: 51 (1822)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English birdfoot violet
English bird's foot violet
Arabic بنفسج
Persian بنفشه پاپرندهای
Chinese 鸟足叶堇菜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Viola pedata var. ranunculifolia (Juss. ex Poir.) Ging. ex DC. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 291. 1824 [mid Jan 1824]

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Begin at 20°C for 6 weeks, cool to 4°C for 6 weeks, then gradually increase to 10°C over 6 weeks. If no germination, the cycle is repeated.
Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Ontario
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • Oklahoma
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • West Virginia
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Delaware
      • District Of Columbia
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0001144672
Flora of Alabama 3727
Canadensys 9505
USDA Plants VIPE
Tropicos 33800451
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286957-2
The Plant List tro-33800451
Missouri Botanical Garden 287521
Open Tree Of Life 740286
NCBI Taxonomy 97442
Nature Serve 2.149253
IPNI 286957-2
iNaturalist 82536
GBIF 5331278
Freebase /m/026lhl_
WisFlora 5397
EOL 584580
USDA GRIN 430450
Wikipedia Viola_pedata

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Catastrophic flooding effects on a Wisconsin wet prairie remnant: A shift in the disturbance regime? Zedler PH, Herrick BM PLoS One 22-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10664900
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294359
PMID:37992070
Mapping edaphic soils' conditions to identify conservation targets for pine barren and sandplain ecosystems in New York State Corbin JD, Flatland EL Ecol Evol 11-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9465398
doi:10.1002/ece3.9282
PMID:36110873
A Revised Phylogenetic Classification for Viola (Violaceae) Marcussen T, Ballard HE, Danihelka J, Flores AR, Nicola MV, Watson JM Plants (Basel) 27-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC9460890
doi:10.3390/plants11172224
PMID:36079606
Using Regional Climate Projections to Guide Grassland Community Restoration in the Face of Climate Change Kane K, Debinski DM, Anderson C, Scasta JD, Engle DM, Miller JR Front Plant Sci 09-May-2017
PMCID:PMC5422548
doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.00730
PMID:28536591
Shooting Mechanisms in Nature: A Systematic Review Sakes A, van der Wiel M, Henselmans PW, van Leeuwen JL, Dodou D, Breedveld P PLoS One 25-Jul-2016
PMCID:PMC4959704
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158277
PMID:27454125
Record-Breaking Early Flowering in the Eastern United States Ellwood ER, Temple SA, Primack RB, Bradley NL, Davis CC PLoS One 16-Jan-2013
PMCID:PMC3547064
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053788
PMID:23342001
Phenological changes reflect climate change in Wisconsin Bradley NL, Leopold AC, Ross J, Huffaker W Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 17-Aug-1999
PMCID:PMC22273
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9701
PMID:10449757

Phytochemical Profile Top

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