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Internal ID UUID64400ee35d1e9742048970
Scientific name Calophyllum blancoi
Authority Planch. & Triana
First published in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 15: 272 (1861)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Calophyllum blancoi is valued for its timber. The wood is marketed as bitanghol in the Philippines and as Santa Maria in regional trade, typically sold as sawn timber and used for light construction, flooring, furniture, paneling, interior fittings, and carved items; it is also suitable for veneer and plywood. Specimens with straight grain and consistent density favor furniture and interior uses, while boards with wavy or interlocked grain may be selected for decorative effects or turned items.

Wood and fiber:
The wood is medium-weight and fine- to medium-textured, typically featuring interlocked grain. Kiln-drying schedules are standard for tropical hardwoods to minimize checking and collapse; ISO 13061 provides methods to characterize moisture content, shrinkage, and mechanical performance relevant to processing. Permeability is moderate; surfaces can be machined to smooth finish and take nails and screws well, with typical nail-holding capacity of light hardwood. Planing and sanding yield good results; pre-boring is recommended for nailing to avoid splitting. The wood accepts stains and clear finishes, with varnishes and lacquers used where a fine surface is required. Durability is moderate to good for interior applications; heartwood is moderately resistant to termites and dry-wood borers; sapwood treatment with preservatives is recommended for exterior or ground-contact use. The species is acceptable for pulp and paper via kraft or sulphite processes; lignin/cellulose ratios are typical of tropical hardwoods and allow satisfactory fibre yield after cooking and bleaching.

Industrial and craft applications:
Turnery, cabinetry, paneling, interior joinery, and carved products exploit the species’ moderate density, fine texture, and stability after proper drying. Machining characteristics are favorable for production of solid and laminated components; finishing with clear coatings is common.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No documented food or beverage uses.

Colorants and tanning:
No documented uses as a natural dye or tanning agent.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented fragrance or cosmetic applications.

Properties relevant to use:
Properties that support the above applications include density in the medium hardwood range, fine to medium texture, interlocked grain, mechanical strength suitable for light to moderate load-bearing uses, machinability, nail-holding performance, finishing acceptance, and moderate durability with preservative compatibility; kiln-drying methods enable stable, finished goods.

Standards and regulation:
Timber testing and grading follow ISO 13061 for mechanical and drying assessment; export and local sales follow national timber classification and grading rules (e.g., the Philippines’ Wood Grading Rules and DENR certification for legal timber), and compliance with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) if listed.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Timber is harvested from natural and secondary forests in the Philippines and neighboring regions. Species-level assessments for depletion are limited; verification of legal origin and supply-chain traceability is recommended to manage harvesting impacts.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Calophyllum changii N.Robson Fl. Taiwan 2: 621 (1976)
Calophyllum ferrugineum Merr. Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 324. 1915
Calophyllum flavo-cortica Elmer Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 7: 2682 (1915)
Calophyllum glabrum Merr. Philipp. J. Sci., C 7: 92 (1912)
Calophyllum megistanthum Quisumb. & Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 37: 170 (1928)
Calophyllum mindanaense Elmer Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 7: 2684 (1915)
Calophyllum pseudowallichianum Engl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2 , 21: 196 (1925)
Calophyllum racemosum Merr. Philipp. J. Sci., C 5: 198 (1910)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Chinese 兰屿红厚壳
Chinese 蘭嶼胡桐
Chinese 兰屿胡桐

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000581050
Tropicos 7801607
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:427108-1
The Plant List kew-2693223
Open Tree Of Life 992254
NCBI Taxonomy 667324
IPNI 427108-1
iNaturalist 736407
GBIF 5555543
EOL 2889732
USDA GRIN 8627

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation analysis of Forsythoside A as a plant-derived inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro Bibi S, Khan MS, El-Kafrawy SA, Alandijany TA, El-Daly MM, Yousafi Q, Fatima D, Faizo AA, Bajrai LH, Azhar EI Saudi Pharm J 25-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9132386
doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2022.05.003
PMID:35637849
Role of medicinal plants in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 and in the management of post-COVID-19 complications Mukherjee PK, Efferth T, Das B, Kar A, Ghosh S, Singha S, Debnath P, Sharma N, Bhardwaj PK, Haldar PK Phytomedicine 05-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8730822
doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153930
PMID:35114450
Natural Products as Potential Lead Compounds for Drug Discovery Against SARS-CoV-2 Ebob OT, Babiaka SB, Ntie-Kang F Nat Prod Bioprospect 13-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8435765
doi:10.1007/s13659-021-00317-w
PMID:34515981
Bioactive molecules from plants: a prospective approach to combat SARS-CoV-2 Panigrahi GK, Sahoo SK, Sahoo A, Behera S, Sahu S, Dash A, Satapathy KB 20-Jul-2021
PMCID:PMC8290388
doi:10.1007/s13596-021-00599-y
Anti–SARS-CoV-2 Natural Products as Potentially Therapeutic Agents Kim CH Front Pharmacol 27-May-2021
PMCID:PMC8194829
doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.590509
PMID:34122058
Role of phytoconstituents in the management of COVID-19 Das A, Pandita D, Jain GK, Agarwal P, Grewal AS, Khar RK, Lather V Chem Biol Interact 30-Mar-2021
PMCID:PMC8008820
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109449
PMID:33798507
Natural and Nature-Derived Products Targeting Human Coronaviruses Vougogiannopoulou K, Corona A, Tramontano E, Alexis MN, Skaltsounis AL Molecules 16-Jan-2021
PMCID:PMC7831024
doi:10.3390/molecules26020448
PMID:33467029
Potential bioactive molecules from natural products to combat against coronavirus Singh YD, Jena B, Ningthoujam R, Panda S, Priyadarsini P, Pattanayak S, Panda MK, Singh MC, Satapathy KB 15-Sep-2020
PMCID:PMC7490776
doi:10.1007/s13596-020-00496-w
Aromatic Herbs, Medicinal Plant-Derived Essential Oils, and Phytochemical Extracts as Potential Therapies for Coronaviruses: Future Perspectives Boukhatem MN, Setzer WN Plants (Basel) 26-Jun-2020
PMCID:PMC7356962
doi:10.3390/plants9060800
PMID:32604842
Natural Products as Potential Leads Against Coronaviruses: Could They be Encouraging Structural Models Against SARS-CoV-2? Orhan IE, Senol Deniz FS Nat Prod Bioprospect 11-Jun-2020
PMCID:PMC7289229
doi:10.1007/s13659-020-00250-4
PMID:32529545
Rapid recovery of tropical forest diversity and structure after shifting cultivation in the Philippines uplands Mukul SA, Herbohn J, Firn J Ecol Evol 05-Jun-2020
PMCID:PMC7391325
doi:10.1002/ece3.6419
PMID:32760521
Natural product-derived phytochemicals as potential agents against coronaviruses: A review Mani JS, Johnson JB, Steel JC, Broszczak DA, Neilsen PM, Walsh KB, Naiker M Virus Res 30-Apr-2020
PMCID:PMC7190535
doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197989
PMID:32360300
Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Patients Infected with 2019-New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Review and Perspective Yang Y, Islam MS, Wang J, Li Y, Chen X Int J Biol Sci 15-Mar-2020
PMCID:PMC7098036
doi:10.7150/ijbs.45538
PMID:32226288
Enhancing bio-recovery of bioactive compounds extracted from Citrus medica L. Var. sarcodactylis: optimization performance of integrated of pulsed-ultrasonic/microwave technique Mahdi AA, Rashed MM, Al-Ansi W, Ahmed MI, Obadi M, Jiang Q, Raza H, Wang H 08-Mar-2019
PMCID:PMC7149043
doi:10.1007/s11694-019-00083-x
Tropical secondary forests regenerating after shifting cultivation in the Philippines uplands are important carbon sinks Mukul SA, Herbohn J, Firn J Sci Rep 08-Mar-2016
PMCID:PMC4782068
doi:10.1038/srep22483
PMID:26951761

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Pyranochromenes
(2S,3R)-Apetalic acid 40546128 Click to see CCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C(C3=C1OC(C(C3=O)C)C)O)C=CC(O2)(C)C 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(3R)-3-[(7R,8R)-5-acetyloxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 162890007 Click to see 430.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(3R)-3-[(7R,8R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 26160368 Click to see 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(3R)-3-[(7R,8S)-5-acetyloxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 21577057 Click to see 430.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(3R)-3-[(7R,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 23250748 Click to see 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(3R)-3-[(7S,8R)-5-acetyloxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 162890008 Click to see 430.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
3-(5-Acetyloxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl)hexanoic acid 72782352 Click to see 430.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
3-[(7R,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 3012916 Click to see CCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C(C3=C1OC(C(C3=O)C)C)O)C=CC(O2)(C)C 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437224
3-[(7S,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid 3012917 Click to see 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
CID 91895379 91895379 Click to see 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437224
Isoapetalic acid 341189 Click to see 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
methyl (3R)-3-[(7R,8R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoate 162921529 Click to see 402.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
methyl (3R)-3-[(7R,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoate 23250749 Click to see 402.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
methyl (3R)-3-[(7S,8R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoate 162921530 Click to see 402.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
Methyl 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl)hexanoate 73802883 Click to see 402.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / 4-prenylated xanthones
11,22-Dihydroxy-7,7,19,19-tetramethyl-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,6,20-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.05,10.016,21]docosa-1(14),3(12),4,8,10,15,17,21-octaen-13-one 15292596 Click to see 460.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.244
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / Pyranoxanthones
Acetyl blancoxanthone 11486950 Click to see 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200530115
https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.244
Blancoxanthone 11703574 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(C3=C(C(=C2O1)C(C)(C)C=C)OC4=C(C3=O)C=CC=C4O)O)C 378.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200530115
Macluraxanthone 5281646 Click to see 394.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.244
https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200530115
Pyranojacareubin 15307925 Click to see 392.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.244
https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200530115
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Pyranocoumarins / Angular pyranocoumarins
(2R,3R,10R)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-propyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione 162974007 Click to see CCCC1CC(=O)OC2=C1C3=C(C(=O)C(C(O3)C)C)C(=C2CC=C(C)C)O 372.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(2R,3S,10R)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-propyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione 92468681 Click to see CCCC1CC(=O)OC2=C1C3=C(C(=O)C(C(O3)C)C)C(=C2CC=C(C)C)O 372.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(2R,3S,10S)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-propyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione 92468682 Click to see 372.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
(2R,3S)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-propyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione 11268770 Click to see 372.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437224
(2S,3R,10S)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-propan-2-yl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione 163036969 Click to see CC1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C(=C(C3=C2C(CC(=O)O3)C(C)C)CC=C(C)C)O)C 372.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
5-Hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-propyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromene-4,8-dione 72777008 Click to see 372.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.52.402
https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200437224

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