Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Tulipa gesneriana (garden tulip) has no credible records of use in teas, decoctions, tinctures, macerations, or poultices. Across the Caucasus, Levant, and Central Europe—regions where the species is widely cultivated as an ornamental—the species is celebrated for its flowers, and historical and modern sources consistently describe it as an ornamental bulb with no documented medicinal or culinary use. In Turkish ethnobotanical surveys, T. gesneriana appears as a cultivated ornamental without mentions of preparations such as infusions, poultices, or tinctures (Faydaoğlu and Sürücüoğlu, 2011). In surveys of Iranian ornamental plants, it is likewise recorded only as a garden species, not as a plant used in herbal preparations (Zargaran et al., 2011). In European herbal and ethnobotanical literature—including the 19th-century classic by Blakeslee—the tulip’s significance is primarily horticultural; references to related Tulipa species occasionally note the presence of allergenic tulipalin A (a lactone) in the bulbs, but do not document preparation methods or medicinal applications for T. gesneriana (Blakeslee, 1912; Leenders, 2004).

General Uses Top

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Common products:
• Cut flowers and potted plants: grown and traded internationally as ornamental cultivars for the floriculture market (the species and its cultivars are the primary “garden tulip” of commerce).

Industrial and craft applications:
• Laboratory research: bulbs, flowers, and tissues of cultivars serve as experimental materials in studies of anthocyanin biosynthesis, flower development, and plant cell culture (e.g., pigment genetics, tissue differentiation).

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• Petal ingredient: occasionally used by pastry chefs and confectioners as a garnish or decorative component; no established industrial-scale food processing or standardized edible extracts are recorded.

Colorants and tanning:
• Natural dye: petals yield pink-to-red hues in small-scale craft dyeing; modern commercial use as a textile colorant is not documented.

Wood and fiber:
• No documented timber or fiber uses.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
• No documented fragrance extracts or cosmetic ingredients derived from this taxon.

Properties relevant to use:
• High ornamental value, with well-characterized color variation due to anthocyanins and flavonol co-pigments; widely used in breeding and as a visual model in floriculture research.

Standards and regulation:
• Not applicable.

Sustainability and sourcing:
• Cultivated at commercial scale by bulb and cut-flower growers; no wild harvest indicated for the given taxon in reliable references.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Tulipa laciniata	Fisch. ex Bellerm.	Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 7: 67 (1816)
Tulipa fransoniana	Parl.	Nuov. Gen. Sp. Monocot. : 15 (1854)
Tulipa marjolletii	E.P.Perrier & Songeon	Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 432 (1894)
Tulipa lurida	Levier	Orig. Tulip. Sav. Ital. : 15 (1884)
Tulipa grengiolensis	Thommen	Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 63: 63 (1946)
Tulipa hortensis	Gaertn.	Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 64 (1788)
Tulipa mauriana	Jord. & Fourr.	Icon. Fl. Eur. 1: 9 (1866)
Tulipa pubescens	Willd.	Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. , Suppl.: 17 (1814)
Tulipa platystigma	Jord.	Annot. Fl. France Allemagne : 32 (1855)
Tulipa planifolia	Jord.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 5: 13 (1858)
Tulipa segusiana	E.P.Perrier & Songeon	Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 435 (1894)
Tulipa scabriscapa	Strangw.	Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1990 (1837)
Tulipa saracenica	E.P.Perrier	Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 5: 507 (1905)
Tulipa retroflexa	hort. ex Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 282 (1874)
Tulipa repens	Fisch. ex Sweet	Brit. Fl. Gard. 4: t. 97 (1831)
Tulipa neglecta	Reboul	Select. Sp. Tulip. : 7 (1838)
Tulipa media	Agardh ex Schult.f.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7: 379 (1829)
Tulipa mauritiana	Jord.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 5: 12 (1858)
Tulipa mauriannensis	Didier	Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. 1875: 43 (1875)
Tulipa passeriniana	Levier	Bull. Soc. Neuchâteloise Sci. Nat. 14: 270 (1884)
Tulipa fulgens	hort. ex Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 285 (1874)
Tulipa baldaccii	Mattei	Malpighia 7: 56 (1893)
Tulipa bicolor	Raf.	Atlantic J. 1: 153 (1832)
Tulipa didieri	Jord.	Observ. Pl. Nouv. 1: 34 (1846)
Tulipa coronaria	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 236 (1796)
Tulipa cornuta	Redouté	Liliac. 8: t. 445 (1815)
Tulipa connivens	Levier	Tulip. Eur. : 65 (1884)
Tulipa etrusca	Levier	Bull. Soc. Neuchâteloise Sci. Nat. 14: 262 (1884)
Tulipa elegans	hort. ex Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 286 (1874)
Tulipa billietiana	Jord.	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 5: 11 (1858)
Tulipa bonarotiana	Reboul	Nonnul. Sp. Tulip. Not. : 7 (1822)
Tulipa campsopetala	Delaun. ex Loisel.	Herb. Gén. Amat. 3: t. 172 (1819)
Tulipa serotina	Reboul.	Select. Sp. Tulip. : 6 (1838)
Tulipa unguiculata	Raf.	Fl. Tellur. 2: 35 (1837)
Tulipa variopicta	Reboul	Select. Sp. Tulip. : 7 (1838)
Tulipa strangulata	Reboul	Nonnul. Sp. Tulip. Not. : 6 (1822)
Tulipa stenopetala	Delaun. ex Loisel.	Herb. Gén. Amat. 3: t. 171 (1819)
Tulipa stricta	Stokes	Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 239 (1812)
Tulipa sommieri	Levier	Orig. Tulip. Sav. Ital. : 15 (1884)
Tulipa spathulata	Bertol.	Fl. Ital. 4: 85 (1839)
Tulipa montisandrei	J.Prudhomme	Monde Pl. 89: 22 (1994)
Tulipa perrieri	Marj. ex P.Fourn.	Quatre Fl. France 165. 1935 (1935)
Tulipa didieri var. mauriana	(Jord. & Fourr.) Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 283. 1874
Tulipa didieri var. planifolia	(Jord.) Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 283. 1874
Tulipa didieri var. billietiana	(Jord.) Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 283. 1874
Tulipa didieri subsp. platystigma	(Jord.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 724. 1882 (1882)
Tulipa scabriscapa var. bonarotiana	(Reboul) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 723 1882
Tulipa scabriscapa var. neglecta	(Reboul) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 723 1882
Tulipa gesneriana var. spathulata	(Bertol.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 302. 1890
Tulipa suaveolens var. passeriniana	(Levier) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 302. 1890
Tulipa scabriscapa var. sommieri	(Levier) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 302. 1890
Tulipa serotina var. etrusca	(Levier) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 302. 1890
Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta	(Reboul) Levier	Tulip. Eur. 84. 1884
Tulipa strangulata var. bonarotiana	(Reboul) Levier	Tulip. Eur. 84 1884
Tulipa didieri subsp. billietiana	(Jord.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 303. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa fransoniana subsp. mauriana	(Jord. & Fourr.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 303. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa didieri var. flavicans	Levier	Tulip. Eur. 63. 1884
Tulipa connivens var. obtusata	Levier	Tulip. Eur. 65. 1884
Tulipa connivens var. luteoguttata	Levier	Tulip. Eur. 65. 1884
Tulipa strangulata var. obtusata	Levier	Tulip. Eur. 84. 1884
Tulipa didieri subsp. flavicans	(Levier) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 214. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa connivens subsp. luteoguttata	(Levier) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 214. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa connivens subsp. obtusata	(Levier) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 214. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa neglecta var. atroguttata	Levier	Tulip. Eur. 80. 1884
Tulipa scabriscapa var. hawardeniana	Bertol.	Fl. Ital. 4: 86. 1839
Tulipa scabriscapa var. rebouliana	Bertol.	Fl. Ital. 4: 86. 1839
Tulipa scabriscapa var. primulina	Fox-Strangw.	Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1990, f. 4. 1837
Tulipa scabriscapa var. strangulata	(Reboul) Fox-Strangw.	Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1990, f. 3. 1837
Tulipa scabriscapa var. mixta	Fox-Strangw.	Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1990. 1837
Tulipa turcica var. media	(C.Agardh ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Regel	Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 457 1873
Tulipa neglecta subsp. atroguttata	(Levier) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 215. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa strangulata subsp. obtusa	K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 215 1890
Tulipa strangulata subsp. variopicta	(Reboul) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 215. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa strangulata subsp. bonarotiana	(Reboul) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 216. 1890 (1890)
Tulipa rubidusa	Lieser	Iris et Bulbeuses 158: 18. 2008 (2008)
Tulipa sedunii	Lieser	Iris et Bulbeuses 158: 19. 2008 (2008)
Tulipa marjoletti	E.P.Perrier & Songeon	Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 432 (1894)
Tulipa montana	Raf.	Atlantic J. 1: 153 (1832)
Tulipa acutiflora	DC. ex Baker	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 283 (1874)
Tulipa vitellina	Anon.	Garden (London, 1871-1927) 36: 531 (1889)
Tulipa viridiflora	Anon.	Garden (London, 1871-1927) 32: 514 (1887)
Tulipa macrospeila	Baker	Gard. Chron. n.s., 20: 11 (1883)
Tulipa norvegica	Lieser	Iris et Bulbeuses 161: 66 (2011)
Tulipa praecox subsp. didieri	(Jord.) Bonnier & Layens	Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France : 294 (1894)
Tulipa gesneriana var. rosea	Tubergen	Nursery Cat. (van Tubergen) 1896(Flowerroots): 14 (1896)
Tulipa gesneriana var. dracontia	Redouté	Liliac. 8: t. 478 (1816)
Tulipa planifolia var. saracenica	(E.P.Perrier) P.Fourn.	Quatre Fl. France : 165 (1935)
Tulipa gesneriana var. rosea-striata	Tubergen	Nursery Cat. (van Tubergen) 1896(Flowerroots): 14 (1896)
Tulipa praecox var. mauriana	(Jord. & Fourr.) Douin	Fl. Ill. France 10: 65 (1929)
Tulipa strangulata var. neglecta	Reboul	Antologia 28: 292 (1827)
Tulipa praecox var. billietiana	(Jord.) Douin	Fl. Ill. France 10: 65 (1929)
Tulipa praecox var. platystigma	(Jord.) Douin	Fl. Ill. France 10: 6 (1929)
Tulipa gesneriana var. albo-oculta	Tubergen	Nursery Cat. (van Tubergen) 1896(Flowerroots): 14 (1896)
Tulipa praecox var. planifolia	(Jord.) Douin	Fl. Ill. France 10: 65 (1929)
Tulipa gesneriana var. albomarginata	Tubergen	Nursery Cat. (van Tubergen) 1896(Flowerroots): 14 (1896)
Tulipa strangulata var. princeps	Reboul	Antologia 28: 292 (1827)
Tulipa scabriscapa subvar. variopicta	(Reboul) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. : 723 (1882)
Tulipa didieri unranked lutea	Tubergen	Nursery Cat. (van Tubergen) 1896(Flowerroots): 14 (1896)
Tulipa scabriscapa var. bonarotiana	(Reboul) Fox-Strangw.	Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1990 (1837)
Tulipa strangulata var. bonarotiana	(Reboul) Reboul	Antologia 28: 292 (1827)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	didier's tulip
Spanish	tulipa repens
Spanish	tulipa acutiflora
Spanish	tulipa sommieri
Spanish	tulipa connivens
Spanish	tulipa strangulata var. bonarotiana
Spanish	tulipa scabriscapa
Spanish	tulipa bonarotiana
Spanish	tulipa didieri var. planifolia
Spanish	tulipa fransoniana
Spanish	tulipa fransoniana subsp. mauriana
Spanish	tulipa neglecta
Spanish	tulipa platystigma
Arabic	زنبق خزامي
Arabic	سفيل
Arabic	خزاماء
Arabic	حنون الغزال
Arabic	قرن الغزال
Azerbaijani	gesner dağlaləsi
Bulgarian	лале на Геснер
Czech	tulipán zahradní
cv	Геснер тюльпанӗ
Welsh	tiwlip yr ardd
Danish	havetulipan
German	gartentulpe
German	garten-tulpe
Estonian	aedtulp
Persian	لالهٔ باغچهای
Persian	لاله باغچه ای
Persian	لاله باغچهای
Finnish	tarhatulppaani
French	tulipa didieri
Hebrew	צבעוני רחב עלים
Upper Sorbian	zahrodna tulpa
Hungarian	pompás tulipán
Dutch	tuliposide
Norwegian Nynorsk	hagetulipan
Russian	Тюльпан Геснера
Swedish	tulpan
Chinese	洋荷花
Chinese	鬱金香
Chinese	郁金香

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
- Eastern Asia
  - Korea
- Western Asia
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - East European Russia
  - South European Russia
- Middle Europe
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Switzerland
- Southeastern Europe
  - Bulgaria
  - Italy
  - Romania
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Massachusetts
  - Ohio
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000743525
Flora of Alabama	4490
Canadensys	28720
USDA Plants	TUGE
Tropicos	18400363
INPN	127934
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:542923-1
The Plant List	kew-289575
Open Tree Of Life	878707
NCBI Taxonomy	13306
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000004986
Nature Serve	2.159063
IPNI	542923-1
iNaturalist	129054
GBIF	5299675
Freebase	/m/03cs9d8
EPPO	TULGE
EOL	1082877
Elurikkus	8042
USDA GRIN	40734
Wikipedia	Tulipa_gesneriana

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

New reports of pathogen spectrum associated with bulb rot and their interactions during the development of rot in tulip

Nisa Q, Gulzar G, Dar MS, Shahnaz E, Banday S, Bhat ZA, El-Sheikh MA, Nabi SU, Arya VM, Anwar A, Mansoor S

BMC Genom Data

09-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11080242
doi:	10.1186/s12863-024-01218-w
PMID:	38724915

Microbial- and Plant-Derived Bioactive Peptides and Their Applications against Foodborne Pathogens: Current Status and Future Prospects

Parvez AK, Jubyda FT, Ayaz M, Sarker A, Haque N, Khan MS, Mou TJ, Rahman MA, Huq MA

Int J Microbiol

29-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11074716
doi:	10.1155/2024/9978033
PMID:	38716460

A Complex-Type N-Glycan-Specific Lectin Isolated from Green Alga Halimeda borneensis Exhibits Potent Anti-Influenza Virus Activity

Mu J, Hirayama M, Morimoto K, Hori K

Int J Mol Sci

15-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11050134
doi:	10.3390/ijms25084345
PMID:	38673930

The evolution and functional divergence of FT-related genes in controlling flowering time in Brassica rapa ssp. rapa

Li X, Zheng Y, Luo L, Chen Q, Yang T, Yang Y, Qiao Q, Kong X, Yang Y

Plant Cell Rep

07-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10920429
doi:	10.1007/s00299-024-03166-2
PMID:	38453734

Genome-wide identification, expression and function analysis of the MTP gene family in tulip (Tulipa gesneriana)

Lu J, Xing G, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wu T, Tian Z, Qu L

Front Plant Sci

19-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10910078
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1346255
PMID:	38439986

Evolution and diversification of carboxylesterase-like [4+2] cyclases in aspidosperma and iboga alkaloid biosynthesis

DeMars MD II, O’Connor SE

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

06-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10873640
doi:	10.1073/pnas.2318586121
PMID:	38319969

Metabolic Patterns of Flavonoid and Its Key Gene Expression Characteristics of Five Cultivars of Tulipa gesneriana during Flower Development

Li S, Chen J, Guo X, Li X, Shen Q, Fu X, Tang D

Plants (Basel)

05-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10857304
doi:	10.3390/plants13030459
PMID:	38337991

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Bamboo Culm Color Formation Mechanisms Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthetic in Phyllostachys nigra

Cai O, Zhang H, Yang L, Wu H, Qin M, Yao W, Huang F, Li L, Lin S

Int J Mol Sci

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10855043
doi:	10.3390/ijms25031738
PMID:	38339012

Expression and mutagenesis studies in the Medicago truncatula iron transporter MtVTL8 confirm its role in symbiotic nitrogen fixation and reveal amino acids essential for transport

Cai J, Longo A, Dickstein R

Front Plant Sci

04-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10794610
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1306491
PMID:	38239208

The R2R3-MYB Transcriptional Repressor TgMYB4 Negatively Regulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Tulips (Tulipa gesneriana L.)

Hu X, Liang Z, Sun T, Huang L, Wang Y, Chan Z, Xiang L

Int J Mol Sci

01-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10779166
doi:	10.3390/ijms25010563
PMID:	38203734

Magic Blue Light: A Versatile Mediator of Plant Elongation

Kong Y, Zheng Y

Plants (Basel)

31-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10780743
doi:	10.3390/plants13010115
PMID:	38202422

Complete genome sequence of tulip virus X, a Korean isolate from Tulipa gesneriana

Bak S, Jeong H, Son SJ, Kim M, Lim T, Lee SH

Microbiol Resour Announc

20-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10793350
doi:	10.1128/mra.00948-23
PMID:	38117064

Genetic Engineering and Genome Editing Advances to Enhance Floral Attributes in Ornamental Plants: An Update

Mekapogu M, Song HY, Lim SH, Jung JA

Plants (Basel)

27-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10707928
doi:	10.3390/plants12233983
PMID:	38068619

Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Flower Color Differentiation Mechanisms in Various Sophora japonica L. Petal Types

Guan L, Liu J, Wang R, Mu Y, Sun T, Wang L, Zhao Y, Zhu N, Ji X, Lu Y, Wang Y

Biology (Basel)

25-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10740404
doi:	10.3390/biology12121466
PMID:	38132292

Diversity and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Stalk and Crown Rot in Maize in Northern Italy

Sanna M, Martino I, Guarnaccia V, Mezzalama M

Plants (Basel)

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10674493
doi:	10.3390/plants12223857
PMID:	38005754

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Saccharolipids
(3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl)methyl 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	74369076	Click to see	294.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)75615-2 https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.90226
(3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl)methyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	53461894	Click to see	278.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.90226 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)75615-2
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	24939251	Click to see	294.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.90226 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)75615-2
6-Tuliposide A	119077	Click to see C=C(CCO)C(=O)OCC1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O	278.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.90226 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)75615-2 https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19691020631
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	46947448	Click to see	294.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2010.07.139
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 4-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	162887109	Click to see C=C(CCO)C(=O)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O	278.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19691020631
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	4481059	Click to see	294.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2010.07.139
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] 4-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate	4480901	Click to see	278.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2010.07.139
beta-D-Glucopyranose, 1-(4-hydroxy-2-methylenebutanoate)	108011	Click to see	278.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2010.07.139 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00199-X
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
alpha-Methylene butyrolactone	68352	Click to see	98.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00199-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-3-O-glycosides
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	163185482	Click to see	611.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.63.1509
[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	163188557	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC4=C(C=C(C=C4[O+]=C3C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C)O)O	653.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.63.1509
[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl] acetate	163188046	Click to see	653.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.63.1509
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Chromen-4-One	4475102	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
Isovitexin	162350	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides
(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162890940	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O	624.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	163186615	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162951504	Click to see	770.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841209	Click to see	624.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162951505	Click to see	770.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162950775	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162849743	Click to see	802.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	163093628	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841207	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O	640.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	163093627	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	163195289	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	162849744	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	802.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841208	Click to see	624.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841204	Click to see	770.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841200	Click to see	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841206	Click to see	640.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841202	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	786.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	14841198	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	802.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	51402807	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	5378597	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	5462193	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
Astragalin	5282102	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I
Isoquercetin	5280804	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84233-I

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Tulipa gesneriana

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